Drug abuse and Assessment

1
Drug abuse and Assessment

• Katholiek Hogeschool Kempen
• Department of Health Science
• Herentalsstraat 70
• 2300 Turnhout Belgium
• rita.dries_at_khk.be

2
Assessment

• Which behaviour or changing in behaviour you
  observe?
• Is their a reason to be worry?
• How are you going to react?

3

• Observe
• Something attract my attention
• Recognise
• This behaviour is not normal for this person
• Interpretation
• I think this person has a problem, may be drugs?
• Test
• What do my colleagues think about this, the
  same?
• Communication
• Does, what I observe, communicate with the
  persons meaning?
• Analyse
• Whats really going on? Who has a problem and
  which one?

4
Plan of assessment

• Make arrangements
• Define limits
• Make agreements about treatment and reportages of
  addiction, support, network
• Trace the activities of concerned persons
• Lay down sanctions

5
Intervention

• Focus on the individual
• React Immediately, effective, efficient, no
  panic, discretion, respect
• Together structure everyone knows whats going
  on and how
• WHO is doing WHAT, WHEN and WHERE?

6
Circle of motivation
7
Preview

• Period of pre-reflection
• No sense of problems
• Resistance against change
• Stress by environment

8
Preview

• Interventions
• - make the balance
• - try to discuss in every possible way
• do - open questions dont - oppress
• - empathy - heavy
  confrontation
• - reflect - moralize
• - summarize

9
Considering

• Period of Reflection
• Doubt
• Discussable
• Confrontation with disadvantages
• The environment get the blame

10
Considering - reflection

• Interventions
• - stir up the balance
• - increase the concern
• - give objective information
• - increase doubt
• - increase discrepancy

11
Decision

• Period of preparation
• Person makes the decision
• active change or halfway exit
• Interventions
• Balance kept over
• - think only in the way of changing
• - steers the change directly
• - give alternatives

12
Action

• Period of active change
• - therapy
• Interventions
• - believe
• - confirm

13
consolidation

• Period of maintenance
• Consolidate new behaviour
• Integration

14
Re-fall

• Educational moment
• Moment of re-evaluation
• Interventions
• - prevent re-fall procedure

15
Trans theoretical Model of International
behaviour change

• 4 Dimensions
• Stage of change
• Process of change
• Markers of change
• Context of change

16
Stage of change

• Pre-contemplation
• Contemplation
• Preparation
• Action
• Maintenance

17
Process of change

• Cognitive/experiential
• -consciousness raising
• -self re-evaluation
• -environmental
• re-evaluation
• -emotional arousal
• -social liberation

• Behavioural
• -self-liberation
• -conditioning
• -counter-conditioning
• -stimulus generalization
• -control
• -reinforcement
• management
• -helping relationship

18
Markers of change

• Decisional balance
• Self-efficacy
• Temptation

19
Context of change

• Areas of functioning that
• complement or complicate change
• Current life situation
• Beliefs and attitudes
• Interpersonal relationships
• Social systems
• Enduring personal characteristics

20
exercises

• Try to recognise in which phase of behaviour
  changing the person stays.

21
exercises

• Sander is a 17 years old boy. Since last year he
  has some problems at school his marks declines
  and he skipped school several times. Regularly he
  used hasj at noon.
• He is boring school, teachers and students. He
  don't likes school, sometimes he even dont likes
  live anymore. It seems as he can't do anything
  good and nobody likes him.
• He has to change his live otherwise hes afraid
  they wont like him at school anymore. Slowly
  her remarks that it becomes difficult to
  concentrate after blowing.

22
exercises

• Anna likes dancing in the disco. She goes every
  weekend and the more and more the weekends are
  growing in length. She needs all the week to
  recuperate. She has no other occupation anymore.
• To stay awake for dancing she started using XCT.
• The last few weeks she feels bored. She even
  dont watch television anymore. She feels
  depressed and the only thing she wants is
  sleeping. Anna gets afraid and wants to change
  her situation.

23
exercises

• Toby, 18 years, likes as thin as a rake. He
  uses speed and cocaine for 7 years. Now he is
  using joints daily. For him this is not a
  problem. He dont feel the need to talk about
  this.
• He said his mother is the problem and you can't
  change her.

24
exercises

• Last school year during the examinations Dave
  started to use energy drinks and peppers.
  Afterwards they gives him a good feeling and
  nowadays when he feels tired he use them
  regularly.
• His parents bring him to the ambulant centre for
  drug abuse. Dave had to come every week to talk
  about his way of living and thinking with the
  therapist. In the beginning Dave said he didnt
  need this but now he sees that it helps him to
  get his addiction under control.

25
exercises

• Since Helena is sixteen she spends lunchtime
  together with friends in the pubs around the
  school.
• One of her teachers contact her because of the
  alcohol smell she gives out during the lessons in
  the afternoon. Helena tells him its normal to
  drink a glass of wine with your salad, he dont
  has to think this will be a problem.
• Her boyfriend is worrying about her and ask her
  to go to the school doctor.

26
Assessment

• Questions?
• Thanks!