Immigration Act of 1965

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Immigration Act of 1965

• Wes Gelpi
• Nathan Dent
• Justin King

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Immigration Act Summary

• Amended 1924 Immigration Act.
• Abolished national origins quota system.
• Eliminating national origin, race, or ancestry as
  a basis for immigration to the United States.
• Established allocation of immigrant visas on a
  first come, first served basis.
• Established two categories of immigrants not
  subject to numerical restrictions.
• Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens
• Special immigrants

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Immigration Act Summary

• Maintained principle of numerical restriction,
  expanding limits to world coverage.
• Introduced a prerequisite for the issuance of a
  visa.
• Eliminated Specific quotas for businesses.

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History

• 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act
• 1885 1887 Alien Contract Labor laws
• 1921 and 1924 Immigration Acts Established
• Limited immigration by assigning each nationality
  a quota based on its representation in past
  United States census figures.
• Limited number of visas were distributed by state
  dept. each year through U.S. Embassies.
• Immigration Service only admitted immigrants who
  arrived with a valid visa.
• 1965 Immigration Act of 1965 amends Immigration
  act of 1924

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U.S. Immigration Support Agency

• Independent agency that helps immigrants obtain
  working visas, student visas, green cards, etc.
• Also provides other various services
• Education
• Employment
• Business Development

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Important Immigration Court Case
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Pyler v. Doe

• Point argued was whether or not a Texas statute
  could withhold funds from local school districts
  and state funds for the education of children who
  were not legally admitted into the United States.
• The illegal aliens were protected under the Due
  Process Clause of the Fourth and Fifteenth
  Amendments. They were recognized as persons
  under the clause. The State shall not deny to
  any person within its jurisdiction the equal
  protection of the laws.
• The Texas statute imposes a lifetime hardship on
  a discrete class of children who can do nothing
  about the situation they are in.

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Immigrants admitted into the United Stated by
gender, age, martial status, and occupation for
the 2004 fiscal year
Marital Status
Age
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Continued
Occupation
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Types of Visas

• Business Visitor
• Tourist Visitor
• Treaty Trader
• Treaty Investor
• Visa for Australians
• Student
• Work
• Trainee
• Exchange Visitor
• Fiancée
• Intracompany
• Athlete/Entertainer
• Religious
• NAFTA Work

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Some Advantages by gaining U.S. Citizenship

• Entering U.S. is easier than with a green card.
• Have ability to vote in U.S.
• Immigrate families into the U.S.
• Eligibility for state and federal jobs.
• Right to run for public office.
• Never lose citizenship.

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Green Card

• Requirements
• Place of birth in an eligible country.
• High School education or its equivalent defined
  in the U.S.
• 2 years of work experience in the past 5 years
  that requires 2 years of training or experience.

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Working Visas

• There are 5 main ways an individual can obtain
  residency and work authorization in the United
  States
• Sponsorship by an Employer
• Investment
• Sponsorship by a close Family Member in the
  United States
• The Diversity Visa Lottery Program
• Asylum Refugee Status

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Specialty Occupation Visa

• H1B Specialty Occupation Visas
• This is a visa for people coming to the USA to
  work for a US employer in a professional-level
  position. Valid for 3 years initially, can be
  extended to 6.
• Candidate must have secured job offer from a US
  source
• equivalent of a US college or university degree
  in a relevant subject.
• If you have been educated outside the US, this
  requirement can often be met by
• EITHER A non-US and/or only partly relevant
  degree, followed by three or more years work
  experience.
• OR Twelve years of high-level work experience.

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Intra-Company Transfer Visa

• L1 Intra-Company Transfer Visas
• This visa is used to transfer to a US parent,
  affiliate, subsidiary or branch office an
  employee from a related foreign company. There
  are two types of L1 visas
• The L1A for Executive/Managerial staff
• The L1B for Specialist Knowledge staff
• L1 visas are issued for an initial 1 or 3 years.
• L1A visas can be extended to a maximum of 7
  years.
• L1B visas can be extended to a maximum of 5 years
  
• You must have worked for the transferring
  employer outside US for at least one year in the
  last three
• If you are a manager/executive, you must be going
  to manage a major subdivision or function of your
  employer's US operation.
• If you are a specialized knowledge worker, you
  must have in-depth experience of your employer's
  particular products, processes, procedures and/or
  practices.

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Discrimination

• Anger at those responsible for the tragic events
  of September 11 should not be misdirected against
  innocent individuals because of their religion,
  ethnicity, or country of origin. Employers and
  labor unions have a special role in guarding
  against unlawful workplace discrimination.
• The law's prohibitions include harassment or any
  other employment action based on any of the
  following
• Affiliation
• Physical or cultural traits and clothing
• Perception
• Association

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Effects on private companies

• Anheuser-Busch
• Promotes economic opportunity as well as
  investing in many organizations to enhance
  opportunities for minorities.
• Lowes
• Instilled leadership and diversity programs for
  their managers.

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Effects of Immigration on Managers

• Immigration is greatly affecting managers in the
  workplace, especially in the grocery business.
• Hispanics are 11.4 percent of the population in
  the United States.
• More than 97,000 new jobs will be added in
  grocery retailing this decade.
• These jobs will be low-paying, and Hispanic
  immigrants will fill many of the positions.
• Two thirds of Hispanics in this country are of
  Mexican origin.
• Managers will need to know how to understand
  cultural influences that shape the attitudes and
  behaviors of Mexican employees.

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Ways Managers Can Gain Respect of Mexican Workers

• Do not shout at workers. Mexicans see this as
  disrespectful.
• All workers, regardless of status, are worthy of
  respect.
• Woman have a special place in Hispanic culture.
  In Mexico, Mothers Day is a national holiday.
  Hispanic women expect the same respect here.
• Many Mexican immigrants are used to waking up and
  going to bed with the sun. Being on time for
  different shifts must be taught.
• Courtesy needs to be used when training
  Hispanics, making corrections rather than
  criticizing.

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Form I-9
(Click title to access form)

• Evidence of identity must be examined within
  three days of completion.
• The completed I-9 form must be retained for one
  year after the date employment ends, or for three
  years after the date of hire, whichever is later.