Catholic Reformation

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Catholic Reformation
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• Pope Paul III led revival of authority in
  Catholic Church.
• Council of Trent
• Group that met to reaffirm traditional views for
  over 20 years.
• Sought to end abuses in church such as corruption
  of the clergy.
• The Inquisition
• Church court set up to root out heresies.
• Heresy- religious belief that is contrary to
  official teachings of the church.

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• Index of Forbidden Books
• List of works considered too immoral or
  irreligious for Catholics to read. Existed until
  1966.
• Ignatius of Loyola
• Founded Society of Jesus, or Jesuits.
• Jesuits embarked on crusade to defend and spread
  Catholic faith to Asia, Africa, and Americas.
• St. Teresa of Avila
• Reorganized and reformed convents and monasteries
  throughout Spain.
• Made into a saint by the church after death.

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• Altogether, Rome was stronger after the Catholic
  Reformation. Still, the north and south remained
  split.
• Catholics and Protestants fostered intolerance.
• Witch Hunts
• Witches were seen as agents of the devil.
• (1450-1750) tens of thousands killed.
• Why? Most believed in magic and spirits at the
  time.
• When wars of religion ended, persecution of
  witches declined.

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• Spain expelled Jews in 1492.
• Italy allowed Jews to enjoy economic and cultural
  well being during the Renaissance.
• Jews were forced to live in ghettos later.
• Luther hoped Jews would convert. They didnt.
• He expelled them from his land and called for
  synagogues and books to be burned.
• Germany confined Jews to ghettos and made them
  wear yellow badges for traveling outside.
• Emperor Charles V banned migration of Jews to his
  colonies in Americas.
• After 1550, most Jews migrated to Poland,
  Lithuania and the Ottoman Empire.