Course Web Site: http:dbs'umt'educoursesbiol306default'htm

1
(No Transcript)
2
Course Web Site http//dbs.umt.edu/courses/biol30
6/default.htm Laboratory Manuals The Wild
Mammals of Montana Key to the Mammals
of Montana.
3
Final Exam Tuesday, December 9th 800-1000am
(no exceptions)
4

• Term Paper
• Start today!
• Identify your group (3 persons for same species)
• First come, first served
• Unique topic
• Rigorous scientific manuscript on topic minimum
  15-20 references from
• peer-reviewed resources (solid
  scientific journals no web sites!)
• Deadline for term paper topics Tuesday,
  September 2nd
• Deadline for outline and preliminary reference
  list Tuesday, Sept. 9th
• Many articles may need to be
  ordered through Interlibrary Loan Plan Ahead
• Deadline for submission of completed paper
  Tuesday, October 21st
• Deadline for revised paper Tuesday, December
  2nd

5
Diversity of Mammals
And Mammalian Characteristics
6
(No Transcript)
7
Monotremes
Marsupials
Placentals
8
Egg
Pouch
In Utero
9
Whales 100 tons

• Range of Body
• Sizes

Tiny shrew 1.4 gms.
10
90 lt
gt 10
5 kgs.
Approximately 4,000 mammalian species
worldwide
11
Insulation
Protective Coloration
Protection
Hair
12
(No Transcript)
13

• Mammary
• Glands

14
Poikilothermic
Homeothermic
15
Homeothermy - Physiological maintenance of a
stable body temperature
Poikilothermy Inability to regulate body
temperature physiologically
Ectothermic Heat gained from the environment
Endothermic Heat produce internally
(metabolically)
16
Long-eared Myotis
Heterothermic can fluctuate body temperature
physiologically
Arctic ground squirrel
17
Surface/Volume Ratio - Inverse
Relationship
18
2-chambered
3-chambered
4-chambered
19
Heart Rate (bpm)
Body Weight (gms)
20
Resting heart rate 1,000 bpm
21
Heart Rate 400 bpm resting/ 1,000 bpm in
flight
22

• Trend toward increased
• partitioning ( greater
• surface area)

23
Respiratory Surface Area (mm2)
Body Weight (gms)
24
Respiratory Surface Area
Primates 8 cm2/gm body wt.
Mice 50 cm2/gm body wt.
Bats 100 cm2/gm body wt.
25
(No Transcript)
26
Of Mice and Elephants A Matter of Scale
As animals get bigger, their pulse rates slow
down and life spans lengthen the number of
heart beats in an animals entire life is
relatively constant for every species approx.
1 billion beats. Mathematical principle is
called Quarter-Power Scaling A cat,
100x more massive than a mouse, lives about 100
to the ¼ power, or about three times
longer. Heartbeat scales to mass to the
¼ power thus the cats heart beats a
third as fast as a mouses.
27

• Some seals can
• remain submerged
• for over 1 hour

28
Skeletal System

• Reduction in the number of bones

• Reduction in the weight of skull and
• axial skeleton

• More complete ossification

• Development of secondary palate

• Specialization of vertebral column

29
100-150 bones in skull
30-35 bones in skull
30
Pelvic girdle
Skull
Pectoral girdle and rib cage
Appendiges
31
Mouth
Mouth
Evolution of secondary palate
32
Shrews
Rodents
Artiodactyls
Carnivores
33
Horse/Pronghorn Strongly Hypsodont

• Deer/Elk
• Front molars
• primarily
• Brachyodont
• - Back molars
• appear more
• Hypsodont