DSMIV DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS

1
DSM-IV DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF
MENTAL DISORDERS

• AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION- 1995

2
WHY STUDY ABNORMALITY???

• More mentally ill functioning in society
• Better treatments available
• Move toward community treatments
• Ethical considerations
• ACA Code E.5 -Proper Diagnosis of Mental
  Disorders

3
Abnormality defined

• Personal distress/ suffering
• Harmful dysfunction maladaptiveness- i.e.
  interferes with work, relationships etc.
• Unconventionality- a statistical concept
• Unpredictability
• Observer discomfort/ violation of social norms

4
History of psychiatric diagnosis

• Ancient Chinese, Hebrew and Egyptian writings
  attribute abnormality to demons or disfavor with
  gods
• Hippocrites- 4th century BC- said due to
  imbalance in vital fluids- first biological
  model.
• Emile Kraepelin- late 19th century- proposed a
  categorical classification system

5
History of DSM

• DSM I- 1952 3 categories
• DSM II- 1968- 10 categories
• DSM III- 1980 16 main categories
• DSM IIIR- 1987
• DSM IV- 1994 16 categories Other Conditions
• DSM IV-TR 2000

6
WHY DIAGNOSE?

• Stigma
• Self-fulfilling prophecy
• BUT
• Suggests treatment
• Research
• Insurance

7
ABOUT DSM

• ATHEORETICAL- PURELY DESCRIPTIVE
• CRITERION BASED DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
• MULTIAXIAL- Client evaluated on five dimensions

8
DSM Coding System

• EACH DISORDER HAS A FIVE DIGIT CODE BASED ON.
• ICD 9 CM International Classification of
  Diseases, nineth revision, Clinical Modification
• WHO- World Health Organization

9
DSM AXES

• AXIS I-
• Clinical Disorders
• Other Conditions That May be the Focus of
  Clinical Attention
• AXIX II
• Personality Disorders
• Mental Retardation
• AXIS III- Medical Conditions
• AXIS IV- Psychosocial environmental problems
• AXIS V- Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)

10
Whats in it??

• Diagnostic features
• Recording procedures
• Associated features and disorders (laboratory
  findings)
• Culture, age, gender features
• Prevalence
• Course
• Family patterns
• DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA