Testing Web Applications with HtmlUnit and Dbunit

1
Testing Web Applications with HtmlUnit and Dbunit

• Michael J. Bresnahan
• Fruition Consulting Inc.

2
Agenda

• About Me, Mike Bresnahan
• Brief Overview of HtmlUnit and Dbunit
• Benefits of Automated Testing
• About HtmlUnit
• About Dbunit
• Designing Tests
• Questions and Answers

3
About Me, Mike Bresnahan

• 9 years of software development experience
• Enterprise applications
• C, C, Java
• Relational Databases
• Client/Server
• Web
• 1 year of HtmlUnit and Dbunit experience

4
A Brief Overview of HtmlUnit and Dbunit

• Both are Java APIs for automated functional
  testing.
• HtmlUnit is a Java API for automated testing of
  web applications.
• Dbunit is a JUnit extension for automated testing
  of database applications.
• Both are Java APIs, but can be used to test
  applications written in any language.
• Both are Open Source.

5
Benefits of Automated Testing

• More efficient than manual testing.
• Less error prone than manual testing.
• Enables collective code ownership.
• Enables refactoring.
• Enables frequent integration.

6
About HtmlUnit
HtmlUnit Test Client
Web Server
Application Server
7
HtmlUnit Features

• HTTP 1.0 and 1.1
• HTTPS
• HTML 4
• Cookies
• Proxy Servers
• JavaScript
• Simulated Mouse Clicks
• DOM Search and Navigation

8
Simple HtmlUnit Test

• 1 public class SimpleHtmlUnitTest extends
  junit.framework.TestCase
• 2
• 3 public void testHomePage() throws
  Exception
• 4 WebClient webClient new WebClient()
• 5 java.net.URL url new
• 6 java.net.URL("http//htmlunit.sourc
  eforge.net")
• 7
• 8 HtmlPage page (HtmlPage)
  webClient.getPage(url)
• 9
• 10 assertEquals("Welcome to HtmlUnit",
  page.getTitleText())
• 11
• 12

9
HTML Form Test

• 1 public class FormTest extends
  junit.framework.TestCase
• 2
• 3 public void testForm() throws Exception
• 4 WebClient webClient new WebClient()
• 5 java.net.URL url
• 6 new java.net.URL("http//htmlunit.sou
  rceforge.net")
• 7
• 8 HtmlPage page (HtmlPage)webClient.getP
  age(url)
• 9
• 10 HtmlForm form page.getFormByName("myfo
  rm")
• 11
• 12 HtmlTextInput textInput
• 13 (HtmlTextInput)form.getInputByName("
  myfield")
• 14
• 15 textInput.setValueAttribute("zappa zoo
  yeah!")
• 16
• 17 form.submit()
• 18
• 19

10
Button Click Test

• 1 public class ButtonClickTest extends
  junit.framework.TestCase
• 2
• 3 public void testButtonClick() throws
  Exception
• 4 WebClient webClient new WebClient()
• 5 java.net.URL url
• 6 new java.net.URL("http//htmlunit.
  sourceforge.net")
• 7
• 8 HtmlPage page (HtmlPage)
  webClient.getPage(url)
• 9
• 10 HtmlForm form page.getFormByName("myf
  orm")
• 11
• 12 HtmlButtonInput buttonInput
• 13 (HtmlButtonInput)
  form.getInputByName("mybutton")
• 14
• 15 HtmlPage newPage (HtmlPage)buttonInpu
  t.click()
• 16
• 17

11
About Dbunit
XML
Database
12
Dbunit Features

• DTD database schemas
• Import/export XML datasets
• Manipulate datasets
• Compare datasets
• Ant task

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Abstract Database Test

• 1 public abstract class AbstractDatabaseTestCase
  
• 2 extends org.dbunit.DatabaseTestCase
• 3
• 4 protected IDatabaseConnection
  getConnection() throws Exception
• 5 java.sql.Connection connection
  java.sql.DriverManager.
• 6 getConnection("jdbcoraclethin_at_loc
  alhost1521foo")
• 7 return new DatabaseConnection(connection
  )
• 8
• 9
• 10 protected DatabaseOperation
  getSetUpOperation() throws Exception
• 11 return DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT
• 12
• 13
• 14 protected IDataSet getDataSet() throws
  Exception
• 15 return new FlatXmlDataSet(new
  java.io.File("dataset.xml"))
• 16
• 17

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Dataset.xml

• lt!DOCTYPE dataset SYSTEM "dataset.dtd"gt
• ltdatasetgt
• ltSTUDY_SESSIONS ID"1" AIMR_AREAS_ID"1"
  STUDY_SESSION_CODE"1/gt
• ltSTUDY_SESSIONS ID"2" AIMR_AREAS_ID"1"
  STUDY_SESSION_CODE"2/gt
• ltREADINGS ID"1" STUDY_SESSIONS_ID"1"
  READING_CODE"1"/gt
• ltREADINGS ID"2" STUDY_SESSIONS_ID"2"
  READING_CODE"2"/gt
• lt/datasetgt

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Simple Dbunit Test

• 1 public void test() throws Exception
• 2
• 3 // exercise the application
• 4
• 5 IDataSet expectedDataSet
• 6 new FlatXmlDataSet(new
  java.io.File("expected.xml"))
• 7
• 8 ITable expectedTable expectedDataSet.get
  Table(readings")
• 9
• 10 ITable databaseTable getConnection().
• 11 createQueryTable(readings","select
  from readings")
• 12
• 13 Assertion.assertEquals(expectedTable,
  databaseTable)
• 14

16
Designing Tests

• Keep tests independent
• Keep tests small and single purpose
• Pool database connections
• Load common reference data once
• Engineer the test suite
• Decouple tests from the application as much as
  possible
• Use Dbunit to hold the expected data of web pages

17
Further Reading

• http//htmlunit.sf.net
• http//dbunit.sf.net
• http//junit.org