Enzymes and Vitamins

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Enzymes and Vitamins
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Enzymes

• Biological catalysts
• Usually proteins
• Names end in ase
• Pocket where reaction occurs is called the
  active site
• Molecule which reacts is called substrate
• Substrate fits into active site induced fit
  model
• pH, temperature, metal ions effect enzyme
  activity
• Enzymes can be inhibited by molecules that
  resemble substrate (drugs?)
• Competitive
• Noncompetitive
• Enzyme activity is highly regulated
• Zymogens
• Hormones
• Substrates and products (feedback)
• Many enzymes require other molecules or ions to
  function Cofactors or co-enzymes

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VitaminsVital amines

• Small organic molecules obtained from diet
• Vitamins B and C are water-soluble
• Act as cofactors for enzymes
• Vitamins A, D, E, K are fat-soluble
• Vitamin A vision
• Vitamin D Bone growth
• Vitamin E Antioxidant
• Vitamin K Clotting

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