Chapter 8 Carbohydrates Part 2

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• Chapter 8 Carbohydrates - Part 2
• Acetals and glycosides
• Disaccharides
• Polysaccharides
• Esters
• Oligosaccharides on cell surfaces

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• Glycosides,
• acetals ketals

No longer in equilibrium with the straight chain
form.
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2. Disaccharides
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Reducing sugar free aldehyde or
ketone group. It is oxidized and reduces
something else.
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Galactose Glucose
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Not a reducing sugar
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• Polysaccharides
• Energy storage
• starch (plants) and glycogen (animals).
• Structure cellulose (plants)
• All are polymers of glucose.

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Starch amylose amylopectin
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Amylose
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Campbell Farrell
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Amylopectin
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C F
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Cellulose
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• Properties of cellulose
• Very strong
• Can not be digested by most
• organisms.

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Termites Cows
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Cellulose
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Chitin insect exoskeletons
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4. Esters Reaction of an alcohol with an acid.
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5. Cell surface oligosaccharides.
Blood groups. Oligosaccharides on cell
surfaces. A, B O. A and B are two different
oligosaccharides O has neither.