Africa

1
Africa

• HAS 3190

2
Cape Verde
3
Language

• Creole and Portuguese

4
Migration

• U.S. whaling industry
• Famine at home
• Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut
• 400,000

5
Spiritual traditions

• Catholic
• Protestant

6
Family

• Center of lives
• Elders
• Women
• Neighbors

7
Diet

• Katxupa (manchupa)

8
Illness and Death

• Gods will
• Disabled protected
• Active in teaching
• Empowering patients

9
Implications

• Parents with children
• Visits from parents
• Intimidated
• Adults and children
• Internal sadness
• Expressive
• Wakes and funerals

10
Traditional Medicine

• Curanderas or curiosas
• Difluxan
• Konta dodju

11
Other issues

• Blood
• Sleeping (Sangi durmidu)
• Dead (Sangi mortu)
• Bruised (Sange pezode)
• Living Blood (Sangi vivu)

12
Ethiopia
13
Language

• 80 dialects
• Amharic

14
Migration

• Repressive regime (mid-1970s)
• Political turmoil in East Africa

15
Spiritual traditions

• Orthodox (Coptic)
• Muslim

16
Family

• Women/girls
• Large families
• High divorce
• Elders (aunt or uncle)

17
Diet

• No meat, eggs or milk (Wed or Fri)
• No poultry, beef or dairy before Easter
• Muslims and Ramadan

18
Attitudes

• Illness is a punishment
• Mental illness evil spirits
• Spirits in individuals
• Healing appeases the spirits
• Evil Eye

19
Cultural courtesies

• Elders and hand shakes
• Right hand for clean work
• Muslim men and women dont touch

20
Communication Patterns

• Doctors and bad news
• No middle name

21
Traditional medicine

• Newborn care
• Older men
• Fire burning
• Stick heated and applied to skin
• Herbal remedies
• Prayer

22
Female Circumcision

• Genital mutilation
• Many believe
• Defines sexual and social identity
• Doesnt allow for sexual pleasure
• Promotes health

23
Other relevant issues

• Dont understand withholding treatment
• News of pending death
• Spanking children

24
Somalia
25
Language

• Somali
• Arabic

26
Migration

• Escape wars (1991)
• Resettlement programs

27
Religion

• Sunni Muslim

28
Other issues Ethiopia

• Family
• Diet (Muslim)
• Cultural courtesies
• Traditional medicine
• Issues relevant to hospitalization

29
Bush Medicine

• Herbal medicine
• African-Caribbean culture
• Fever bush
• Toothache bush
• 70 of worlds population uses herbal medicine

30
Sangoma
31
Sangoma

• Practitioner of herbal medicine
• Belief in ancestral spirits calling
• Trainee Twaza
• Ritual sacrifice

32
Traditional Healers

• Zulu, Swazi, Xhosa, Sotho, Tswana, Venda,
  Tsongo/Shangaan ethnic groups
• Holistic and symbolic form
• Ancestors give instructions

33
Guidance in Three Forms

• Possession
• Throwing bones
• Dreams

34
Possession

• Trance
• Drumming
• Dancing
• Chanting
• Provides specific information

35
Throwing bones

• Collection of bones
• Ancestors control how they lie

36
Dreams

• Metaphors

37
Muti

• Plant and animal origin
• Powerful symbolism
• Lion fat courage
• Can be drunk, smoked, inhaled, used for washing,
  smeared, enemas or rubbed into an incision

38
Sangomas

• Far outnumber western doctors
• Consulted first (80)
• Charlatans

39
South Africa
40
Health Care

• Large public sector
• Small private sector
• Primary hi-tech
• Nearly 200 private hospitals
• Mining industry has 60 of its own
• District-based health system

41
Video
The Phelophepa Health Train
42
Kwanzaa

• African American and Pan-African
• Dec 26 Jan 1
• First harvest matunda ya kwanza

43
Kwanzaa

• Ingathering of people
• Reverence for creator
• Commemoration of past
• Recommitment to culture
• Celebration of Good

44
Seven values Nguzo Saba

• Umoja (Unity)
• Kujichagulia (Self-determination)
• Ujima (Collective work and responsibility)
• Ujamaa (Cooperative economics)
• Nia (Purpose)
• Kuumba (Creativity)
• Imani (Faith)