Protein

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Protein Janet Tietyen, Ph.D., R.D., L.D.
AuthorRevision by Jackie Walters, MBA, R.D.,
L.D.Jackie Walters, Presenter
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Lets talk protein!

• What are proteins?
• Uses of proteins
• Sources
• 2 Types of protein foods

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What is a protein?

• Made of smaller units called AMINO ACIDS
• There are 23 amino acids
• Different proteins occur by having different
  number and arrangements of amino acids

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Protein is required for

• Growth and repair of body tissues
• Controlling water balance
• Regulating body functions
• Carrying nutrients to parts of the body
• Energy
• 1 gram protein 4 calories

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Specific proteins

• Albumin
• Hemoglobin

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What happens to proteins we eat?

• Eat protein in foods
• Body breaks down protein to amino acids
• Amino acids are delivered to cells by blood
• Within the cells, amino acids are rearranged back
  to proteins and used by the body

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Two classes of amino acids

• Essential must come from food
• Non-essential the body can make them

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Sources of protein

• MEAT
• Milk
• Eggs
• Dried beans
• Nuts
• Cereal products

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Complete vs. incomplete proteins

• Complete supply all 8 essential amino acids
• meats, fish, poultry, eggs, milk, and milk
  products, and soybeans
• Incomplete lack one or more of the essential
  amino acids
• Most plant and vegetable foods
• Combination of 2 incomplete proteins may provide
  the building blocks for a complete protein. (rice
  beans)

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Incomplete protein foods

• Grains Cereals
• Noodles
• Spaghetti
• Macaroni
• Oatmeal
• Rice
• Breads
• Cornmeal
• Grits
• Ready-to-eat cereals

• Legumes/Seeds/Nuts
• Pinto beans
• Kidney beans
• Split peas
• Navy beans
• Black-eye peas
• Chick peas
• Lentils
• Peanut butter
• Pumpkin seeds
• Sunflower seeds

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Cost of protein-rich foods

• Animal products are more costly
• Combining plant foods with animals foods can
• Save money
• Increase variety
• Improve the quality of plant proteins

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Suggested combinations

• Cereal and milk
• Beans and cheese
• Rice and eggs
• Noodles and beef
• Macaroni and cheese
• Salads with meats and cheese

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Take home message

• Proteins are made up of amino acids
• There are essential and nonessential amino acids
• Foods containing all 8 essential amino acids are
  complete proteins
• Combining plant foods with animal foods is a way
  to save , increase variety, and improve quality
  of plant proteins

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