Total Force

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Total Force
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• Total Force
• History
• Force Modernization
• Cost Effectiveness
• Reserve Categories
• Ready Reserve
• Standby Reserve
• Retired Reserve
• Structure and Organization
• Force Contributions
• Accessibility

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HISTORY

• 1653, Oliver Cromwell overthrows British
  Parliament
• Legitimate need for national defense
• Who should rise up if we have no standing army?
• The militia created 1780s
• (which grew into the National Guard and the
  Reserve Forces)

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Total Force

• Evolved as official policy in 1970s
• Aug 1970 -- The Total Force Concept was announced
  by Secretary of Defense Laird
• Aug 1973 -- SECDEF James Schlesinger elevated the
  Total Force Concept to the Total Force Policy
• Objective
• integrate Active and Reserve forces
• in the most cost-effective manner possible
• maintain as small an active peacetime force as
  commitments permit.

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Total ForceForce Modernization

• Improved the equipment to state of the art during
  the 1980s
• First to deploy, first to be equipped. -
  DOD 1225.6

• Very cost effective

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Total ForceCost Effectiveness for the DOD

• Provides 50 of total US military force
• Only consumes 8.3 of DoD budget

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Cost Effectiveness AFR
Total Air Force Budget
Reserve Budget 4
Air Force Combat Capability
Supplied by Reserve 20
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Cost Effectiveness ANG
Total Air Force Budget
ANG Budget 7
Air Force Combat Capability
Supplied by ANG 14
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Cost Efficiency

• Other cost-saving benefits (for the Air Force)
• No paid leave
• No family health care
• Smaller Retirement fund contributions

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Reserve Categories

• Ready Reserve Combat ready deploy in 72 hours
• Selected Reserve
• Individual Ready Reserve
• Inactive National Guard
• Standby Reserve
• Retired Reserve

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Selected Reserve

• Units and individuals designated as essential to
  wartime missions
• Have priority for training, equipment, and
  personnel
• Individual Mobilization Augmentees (IMAs)
• Not attached to an organized Reserve unit
• Assigned to active duty components

Selected Reserve part of Ready Reserve
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Individual Ready Reserve

• Pool of pre-trained individuals who
• Served in Active units or Selected Reserve
• Have military service obligation (MSO) remaining
• Eligible for involuntary service

Individual Ready Reserve part of Ready Reserve
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Inactive National Guard

• Dont not train
• Are not attached to active units

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Standby Reserve

• Personnel who are not required to train and are
  not assigned to units.
• Reservists whose civilian jobs are key to
  national defense
• Includes people who may have left active duty due
  to hardships

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Retired Reserve

• Personnel who receive retired pay (AD/Reserve) or
  are placed in retirement status but have not yet
  reached age 60
• All may be recalled to active duty by the
  appropriate service Secretary

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Air National Guard
To provide ready units to the state and nation in
three roles Federal Role To support national
security objectives State Role To protect life
and property, and to preserve peace,order, and
public safety Community Role To participate in
local, state, and national programs that add
value to America
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Air National GuardDual Mission

• State
• Protect Life and Property
• Peace and Order
• Civil Defense
• Federal
• Support USAF Missions
• Train for Wartime

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Air National Guard
State Governor
State Adjutant General
State Army Units
State Air Units
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National Guard Personnel

• Drill Status (Traditional) Guardsmen
• 69 of force
• Enlist for 6 years
• One unit training assembly (UTA) a month
• 15 days annual training

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National Guard Personnel

• Full time Guardsmen
• 31 of total Guard force
• Air Technicians
• Full-time Civil Service employees
• Active (Duty) Guard personnel
• Same areas as Technicians, but full benefits
• Active Duty Component personnel
• AF personnel assigned to Guard units (advisors)
• Active Duty for Training
• Traditional Guardsmen temporarily on AD for
  training

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Air Force Reserve Mission
Maintain in a constant state of readiness USAFR
units and individuals and the systems and
services required to perform their assigned
mission in support of US national objectives.
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Air Force Reserves
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Total Force

• Provides 50 of total US military force
• Only consumes 8.3 of DoD budget
• Missions have increased to a steady state of
  12-13 million man-days in each of last 3 years

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Satellite Space Operations
AFR
7
ANG
0
93
Active Duty
25
Bombers
ANG
AFR
6
12
82
Active Duty
Ex B-1, B-52, B-2
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Fighters
ANG
30
AFR
4
66
Active Duty
Ex F-15, F-16, OA-10, A-10, F-22, F117
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Strategic Airlift
ANG
11
AFR
23
66
Active Duty
Ex C-5, C-141, C-17
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Tankers
ANG
37
AFR
13
50
Active Duty
Ex KC-10, KC-135, HC-130
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Rescue
ANG
AFR
26
29
45
Active Duty
Ex HC-130, HH-60
30
Theater Airlift
ANG
42
AFR
40
18
Active Duty
Ex C-130, C-17
31
Air Defense
ANG
100
Examples F-15, F-16
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Weather Recon
AFR
100
Ex WC-130
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Accessibility

• Full mobilization
• Partial mobilization
• Presidential Selected Reserve Call-Up
• Volunteers

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Full Mobilization

• Gives access to the full Ready Reserve
• Requires a declaration of war or national
  emergency by Congress
• Duration of Conflict plus 6 months

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Partial Mobilization

• 1,000,000 members of the Ready Reserve
• Up to 24 months
• President must declare a national emergency

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Presidential Selected Reserve Call-Up

• Up to 200,000 personnel
• Up to 270 days
• President must notify Congress

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Volunteers

• Provide the majority of personnel in times of
  war and peace

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Increasing Tempo
1953-1990 (38 YEARS)
1991-2003 (12 YEARS)
60/38
10/10
For AFR/ANG
077
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A Balanced Lifestyle Typical Civilian

• Vacation
• Sick Leave
• Weekends
• Holidays

144
221
Work 221 Days
Play 144 Days
058
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Reservists Support Commitments
84
Play 84 Days
281
Work 221 Days
Support 60 Days
059
41
Aircrew Commitments
21
Play 21 Days
344
Work 221 Days
Aircrew 123 Days
060
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Points to Remember...

• Reserve Categories
• Ready Reserves
• Standby
• Retired
• Chain of Command
• ANG vs AFRC
• Accessibility
• Full/Partial Mobilization
• Presidential Selected Reserve Call-up
• Volunteers

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• We need to shift away from the Cold War stance
  of having the active duty do the operational
  missions and have the Reserves just do training.
  
• Vice Admiral David Frost
• former Deputy CINC
• US SPACE COMMAND

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Air Force Team
Global Vigilance, Reach Power
Active Duty Air Force
Air Force Reserve
Air National Guard