I' Prehistoric People

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I. Prehistoric People

• A. What is that? Explaining Prehistory
• 1. Prehistory The time before written
• records were kept
• 2. Anthropologist A person who
• collects and studies the facts
• about man, especially his
• physical characteristics, origin,
  and
• race
• 3. Hominid Any two-footed primate,
• including recent man

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• 4. Archaeologist Person who
• studies objects made and used by
• man
• 5. Artifacts Objects made and used
• by man tools, weapons,
• clothing, pottery, etc.
• 6. Culture A set of beliefs, knowledge,
• and patterns of living a group of
  people
• develop

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• 7. Hypothesis An educated guess
• based on certain facts/evidence
• B. Early Peeps
• 1. Lucy A female hominid skeleton
• found in 1974 in Ethiopia by
• Donald Johanson dated 3 million
• BC
• 2. Mary Leakey -- Anthropologist who
• found a skeleton in Tanzania that
  dates
• back 3.7 million years

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• 3. 1470 Man Skeletal remains
• found in Kenyas Great Rift Valley,
• east of Lake Rudolf
• C. What Time is it?
• 1. Pleistocene Age Last Ice Age
• began 200,000 years ago and ended
  
• 15,000years ago. Man came to North
• America during this time
• 2. Paleolithic Age Old Stone Age man
• began to make tools and weapons
• from stone

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• 3. Mesolithic Era Middle Stone Age
• man began to use bows and
• arrows, fish hooks, spears, and
• harpoons
• 4. Neolithic Era New Stone Age
• man began to develop agriculture
• and practiced domestication
• a. domestication taming
• animals for everyday use,
  such as
• cattle

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• 5. Up until the Neolithic Age man
• was nomadic
• a. sedentary To stay in one
• place
• 6. Neolithic Agricultural Revolution
• Mans shift from food gathering to
• food producing plows and
• fertilizer were invented

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• D. How old are you?
• 1. dating Scientific process used to tell
• the age of an artifact
• a. absolute dating -- Giving a
• specific age of an
  artifact,
• usually within 100 years
• b. relative dating Telling which
• remains are older by
• comparing levels where
• objects are found in the
  ground

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II. Foundations of Civilization

• A. Four River Valley Cultures
• 1. Nile River Egypt
• 2. Tigris and Euphrates Iraq
• 3. Indus Pakistan
• 4. Huang Ho China
• a. All flood at some point
• of the calendar year

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• B. Where are we?
• 1. civilization Complex culture
• that has certain
• characteristics
• a. Produce surplus food
• b. Establish cities/towns
• with a form of
  government
• c. People perform different
• jobs instead of
  one person
• doing one job
  (division of
• labor)

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• d. Form of writing (Sumerians
• cuneiform first alphabet
• Phoenicians
• 1. cuneiform Wedge
• shaped writing
• developed by
  Sumerians
• that used a
  stylus in mark
• symbols into wet
  clay
• tablets
• e. Calendar

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• 2. cultural diffusion spread of ideas
• from one culture to another
• 3. Eventually the invention of bronze
• tools marked the end of the Stone
• Age
• a. Last came the Iron Age about
• 3,200 years ago

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• C. Dont try this at home
• 1. Dig Process of examining a site
• to find artifacts and other clues to
• help explain the culture of the
• people that lived there
• 2. Site A place that showed past
• human activity

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• D. Ohio is old
• 1. Prehistoric tribes found in Ohio
• a. Palaeo 13,000 7,000 BC
• b. Archaic 8,000 500 BC
• c. Glacial Kame
• d. Adena 800 BC 100 AD
• e. Hopewell 100 BC 400 AD
• f. Intrusive
• g. Cole Complex
• h. Fort Ancient 1000 1650 AD
• i. Erie (Cat Nation)