Bloodborne Pathogens

1
Bloodborne Pathogens

• PED 477
• Spring 2009

2
How do infections occur?

• Virus
• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Protozoa
• Rickettsia

• Pathogens

Body has normal resistance to most pathogens
3
4 Ways to Enter the Body
Direct
Fluid to Fluid
Indirect
Infected Surface
Airborne
Water Vapor
Vector-borne
Non-human Carrier
4
For Infection to Occur

• Pathogen
• Quantity
• Vulnerability
• Entry Site/Mode

5
2 Main BBP of Concern

• HBV
• HIV

Viral no antibiotic can be dormant
Cannot be contracted by casual
contact drinks toilets hand shakes
6
HIV

• 2 9 of US population
• Many unaware
• Dormancy
• No distinguishable sx 10 yrs
• Work risk
• lt.4
• Fragile Virus

7
HBV

• 300,000/year
• 2 fatality rate
• Dormancy
• 1-9 months
• Can be chronic
• Other health problems
• Cirrhosis, cancer of liver
• Durable virus

8
MRSA

• Symptoms
• Cause
• Tx
• Risk factors
• Prevention

9
Lyme Disease

• Erythema Migrans
• Deer Tick
• Spirochete
• Borrelia burgdorferi
• Isolated early stage
• May become systemic
• Classic Bullseye

10
Lyme Disease

• Symptoms
• Fever (low)
• Flu-like lethargy
• Possible unexplained neuropathies
• Location and possibility of tick bite
• Management
• Referral (antibiotic)

11
Spider Bites

• Brown Recluse
• Black Widow

12
Arachnoid Envenomation

• BR
• Typical abscess formation
• Cellulitis

13
Exposure Control

• Identify work descriptions
• Immunizations
• First-Aiders
• Post-exposure measures
• BSI
• Work practice controls
• Routine administration

14
BSI

• Hand Washing
• Time
• Water ?
• Use of towels ?
• Anti-bacterial wash ?
• Exercise

15
BSI

• Gloves
• Gowns
• Eyewear
• Biohazard containers
• Glassware

16
What should I do if exposed?

• Wash or flush area
• Notify supervisor
• File report
• Seek follow-up care
• Medical
• Psychological
• Legal
• Maintain documentation

17
Information

• http//www.science.tamu.edu/safety/bloodborne.html