Adolescent Health Facts and Figures

1
Adolescent Health Facts and Figures
2
Leading Causes of Death Among Californias Youth,
1998
Source California Department of Health
Services, Vital Statistics, 1998
3
Unintentional Injury
4
Trends in Motor Vehicle Death Rates Among Youth
15-19, California and U.S.
Source National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, Fatal Analysis Reporting System,
1989-1998
5
California Unintentional Injury Deaths Among
15-19 year olds, 1998
Source California Department of Health Services,
Vital Statistics, 1998
6
California Motor Vehicle Deaths, by Age
Gender, 1998
Source National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, Fatal Analysis Reporting System,
1998
7
Regular Seat Belt Use among High School Students
Source Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1999.
California data unweighted.
8
Intentional Injury
9
California Homicide Deaths among Youth15-19, 1998
Source California Department of Health
Services Center for Health Statistics, Vital
Statistics
10
California Homicide Deaths, by Age and Gender,
1998
Source National Center for Injury Prevention and
Control, California Vital Statistics, 1998
11
Mental Health and Suicide
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Mental Health

• Approximately 20 of youth ages 9-17 have some
  diagnosable disorder.
• 9-13 are afflicted with a serious emotional
  disturbance, with substantial functional
  impairment.
• Serious mental health problems in 5-7 of youth
  0-17 years old living in California, a range of
  460,000 to 644,000 children and youth.

13
Californias Suicide Rates by Age and Gender,
1998
Source Department of Health Services, Death
Records, Department of Finance, 1998
14
Suicide Ideation Attempts During the Past 12
Months among California High School Students
Source Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1999
15
Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Infections
16
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea among Adolescents (15-19)
by Gender
Source California Department of Health Services,
STD Control Branch, 1985-1999
17
Trends in California 15-19 Birth Rates by
Race/Ethnicity
Source California Department of Health
Services, Vital Statistics, 1990-1998
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Substance Use
19
Alcohol Use by California Students in Grades 7,
9 11, 1999-2000
Binge drinking defined as drinking five drinks
in a row in a two-hour period within the past two
weeks. Source Eighth Biennial California
Student Substance Use Survey, 1999-2000
20
Trends in Smoking Prevalence Among California
Youth by Race
Source California Tobacco Survey 1990,
1992-1993 California Youth Tobacco Survey
1994-1999
21
Illicit Drug Use among California Students in
Grades 7 11
Source Eighth Biennial California Student
Substance Use Survey, 1999-2000
22
Nutrition and Physical Activity
23
Percentage of California Students 12-17 Taking
Physical Education in School, 1998
Source California Teen Eating, Exercise and
Nutrition Survey, 1998
24
Adherence to Recommendations of the California
Daily Food Guide by students 12-17, 1998
According to the Daily Food Guide, serving
amounts should be fruits and vegetable (boys,
7 servings girls, 5 servings) 4 servings of
whole grains 3 servings of fat free or 1 milk
1 serving of beans. Source California Teen
Eating, Exercise and Nutrition Survey, 1998
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Populations with Special Needs
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Chronic Illness and Disability

• Data from the 1994 national health interview
  survey indicate that approximately 8 of children
  ages 6 to 18 experience some degree of limitation
  in their activities due to chronic conditions,
  and 0.2 experience severe limitations.

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Homelessness

• In California, an estimated 20,000 to 25,000
  youth are homeless and living on the streets.
• More than 60 of the youth residing in shelters
  and transitional living facilities have been
  abused by their parents, and 20 have experienced
  violence from other family members.

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Incarceration

• In 1998, there were more than 14,000 incarcerated
  youth in California.
• More than 50 of all youth entering detention
  facilities have health-related problems.
• Greater risk for health problems and health
  compromising behaviors, including pregnancy,
  substance abuse, psychotic behavior, depression,
  suicide attempts, physical/sexual abuse, and
  trauma.

29
In 1997, only two states and the District of
Columbia had higher juvenile incarceration rates
than California.
Average U.S. rate, 368
Source Children Now, State of Our Children
2000
30
Foster Care

• The number of California youth in foster care has
  almost doubled from approximately 59,000 in 1988
  to 108,000 in 1997.
• This growth is related to the increase of youth
  in poverty, the increase of youth in
  single-parent households, and the number of
  parents abusing drugs and alcohol.
• Approximately half of all foster youth suffer
  from chronic conditions.
• 60-80 are estimated to have moderate to severe
  mental health problems.

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Rate of youth in foster care
Source Children Now, State of Our Children 2000
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Health Services for Teens
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Health Insurance Coverage

• 21 of children and youth in California are
  uninsured compared to 15 nationally.
• Uninsured youth are 3.5 times as likely as
  insured youth to go without needed health care,
  including medical or surgical care, dental care,
  prescription drugs, eyeglasses, and mental health
  care.
• 1 in 4 uninsured youth has no usual health care
  providercompared to one out of 25 insured youth
  who do not have a designated provider.

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Health Coverage of Californias Children and Youth
Uninsured 21
Privately-purchased insurance 4
Employer-based insurance 54
Medi-Cal 20
Source The State of Health Insurance in
California, 1999
35
Uninsured California Children and YouthWhere are
the gaps?
Source The State of Health Insurance in
California, 1999
36
Health care for California teens is inadequate.

• Only 47 physicians were board certified in
  adolescent medicine (as of 8/99).
• CHDP covers only 2 check-ups for teens 13-20
  compared to 8 recommended by national guidelines.
• 18 of eligible youth 15-20 nationwide receive
  EPSDT preventive medical screening (compared to
  76 eligible infants.)

37
Youth have the lowest rates of health service
utilization of any age group.

• Only 72 of teens see a doctor at least once a
  year
• The average length of an adolescent health visit
  is 15 minutes.
• 2/3 of youth need mental health treatment but do
  not receive it.

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Need for Dental Care Among California Students in
10th Grade
Source Dental Health Foundation, 1997
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Protective Factors
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Proportion of youth who have supportive
relationships and opportunities in the home

Source California Health Kids Survey, Fall 1999
41
Proportion of youth who have supportive
relationships and opportunities in school
Source California Health Kids Survey, Fall 1999
42
Proportion of youth who have supportive
relationships and opportunities in the community
Source California Health Kids Survey, Fall 1999