Immigration and Urbanization

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Immigration and Urbanization
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"Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries
she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your
poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe
free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I
lift my lamp beside the golden door!"
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The Old Immigrants

• Since becoming independent in 1776, America had
  never had any major immigration.
• From 1840 to 1850, three new groups began to move
  into the country
• the Irish
• the Germans
• the Chinese

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The Original Immigrants

• The Original settlers of the Thirteen colonies
  were
• English
• Scottish
• Dutch
• Swedes
• African Americans

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The Irish

• The Irish were the group that drew the most
  resentment from Americans because the Irish
• Were Catholic
• Were Celtic
• Spoke Gaelic

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The Irish Potato Famine
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N.I.N.A.
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The Chinese
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The New Immigration

• Mainly immigrants from Southern and Eastern
  Europe from 1880-1914
• Jews
• Italians
• Slavs
• Greeks

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Coming to America
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Fear of Immigrants Nativism or Xenophobia
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Why did some Americans fear Immigrants

• Socialism
• Anarchism
• Religious and racist reasons

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English Scottish
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Dutch German
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Irish Italian
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Russian Scandinavian
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African-American
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The Booming Cities
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Why had city growth exploded?

• Cities were where the jobs were.
• Immigration
• Cheap Food
• Technology made city living possible (Electricity
  Streetcar)

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The Urban Slum
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Why did slums develop?

• There were no building codes
• Housing was not built for comfort

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Typical Urban Slums

• Crime
• Full of disease and dirt
• Overcrowded

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Tenement Life
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Nights and Days, we'd sit there sweating through
our clothes and listening to the sounds of feet
in the hallways, babies crying frantically and
the roar of machinery in the area.In the winter
times we froze to death. Five of us huddled in a
bed to keep warm We had no water. We constantly
had to draw dirty water from the sewer and clean
ourselves with it. We had no other alternative.
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Jane Addams

• A leading reformer in the late 1800s, and a
  deeply Christian woman.
• In 1889 she opened Hull House in Chicago.
• Hull house was a settlement house, which took
  immigrants in, helped them find decent housing,
  taught English, and helped them to find jobs.

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Other problems with Urban Centers

• No Parks
• Poor Fire Protection
• Pollution
• No Sewers
• No Garbage Pick Up
• No City Planning

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New Inventions
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The Ethnic Neighborhood
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Street Vendors
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Stickball in the Streets
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The National Pastime

• Baseball was popular with immigrants because it
  was easy to understand, and because baseball
  parks could be built in cities taking up very
  little land.
• Baseball united the masses in the ever more
  crowded cities. When radio was put in use,
  everyone could follow their team.

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How the Other Half Lives

• Jacob Riis, an immigrant himself, shocked the
  nation in 1890 with his book How the Other Half
  Lives.
• Soon, city government would try to alleviate the
  terrible conditions in the slums.

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How did City Planners Beautify Cities

• New Parks
• Setbacks on Skyscrapers
• Beautiful Architecture
• Electric Streetlights
• Burying Utilities

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Urban Planning
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Urban Parks
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Central Park, New York City
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Electric Streetlights
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Setback on Skyscrapers
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The Brooklyn Bridge
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The Roebling Suspension Bridge
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The Flatiron Building, New York City