Revolution Threatens the King

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Revolution Threatens the King

• Chapter 7.1

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• What types of riots have you seen? Why were they
  occurring?
• What did Locke say was possible and necessary if
  a government was not taking care of its people?
• Pg. 192

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I. Estates and the Old Regime

• A. Old Regime feudalism left over from middle
  ages

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B. 3 Estates

• Privileged Estates
• Catholic Clergy
• Rich nobles
• Third Estate
• bourgeoisie
• Workers
• Peasants largest group

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II. Forces of Change

• Enlightenment ideas
• Frances Economy failing
• rising population
• Heavy taxes
• Louis XVI weak leader
• Marie Antoinette

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D. Louis efforts

• Tried to tax the rich
• Second Estate refuse to pay
• A. Estates-General an assembly of
  representatives from all 3 estates

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III. Beginning of Revolution

• 3rd estate insisted that all estates meet
• National Assembly 3rd estate delegates who
  would pass laws for the people
• B. Tennis Court Oath pledge to write a new
  constitution

1789- Jacques Louis David Tennis Court Oath
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C. Storming of the Bastille

• Louis ordered other estates to join the 3rd
• July 14, 1789 mob tried to get gunpowder from
  the Bastille
• Crowd took over first act of revolution

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IV. Great Fear sweeps France

• Great Fear senseless panic
• Rumors that nobles were hiring outlaws to
  terrorize peasants
• Peasants cause trouble themselves

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QUICK WRITE

• What were the causes of the French Revolution?
• Describe how the ideas of the Enlightenment had
  to do with the revolution.

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Chapter 7.2 Revolution Brings Reform

• If you were a nobleman, how would you be feeling
  during the events of the Great Fear?

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I. The Assembly Reforms France

• Even nobles are preaching liberty for ALL
• National Assembly takes away privileges of
  nobility and clergy
• Old regime was dead
• Declaration of the Rights of Man

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1. Declaration of the Rights of Man

• Reflected Enlightenment ideas
• Life, liberty, property,
• Freedom of speech, religion, equal justice
• DID NOT APPLY TO WOMEN

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2. State-Controlled Church

• Sold church lands to pay off debt
• No taxing of Bourgeoisie
• Church officials elected
• a. French peasants dont like this

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• Louis tries to escape
• Spotted on their way to Austrian Netherlands

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II. Revolution Divides

• Limited Monarchy
• Louis approves new constitution
• - Legislative Assembly holds power
• Factions Split
• Radicals
• Moderates
• conservatives

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• C. Revolutionary Leader split into 3 groups
• radicals, moderates, conservatives
• Emigres old nobles who had fled hope to restore
  old regime (right)
• Sans Culottes shopkeepers, working class
  (radical)

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III. War

• French wanted to spread revolution in Europe
• Start war with Austria
• War goes badly
• Parisians invade palace
• Captured Louis, Marie and family

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C. September Massacres

• Volunteer soldiers could not leave town for fear
  that royalists would take over.
• Parisians raided prisons killing 1000 prisoners
• Elect new legislature National Convention
• Win a battle

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D. Execution of the King

• leaders of mobs had most power
• Jacobins radical political club made violent
  speeches
• Wanted a republic
• National Convention abolished monarchy and
  declared a republic
• King in now a citizen tried for treason
• Beheaded by Guillotine
• Forced to from citizen army - draft

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IV. Terror in France

• Maximilien Robspierre takes control, tries to
  wipe out all traces of monarchy
• Closed all churches and changed calendar
• Committee of Public Safety decided who would be
  enemies of state
• Period of his rule became the Reign of Terror
• Killed anyone who was threat
• - Maire Antionette, other radical leaders who had
  helped with revolution

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V. End of the Terror

• 3,000 had been executed in Paris, 40,000 killed
  altogether
• National Convention turns on Robspierre
• 1794 beheaded
• New government
• 2 house government
• 5-man executive body
• Napolean Bonaparte to command Frances army