Current Events

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Current Events

• Delay to Resign
• Moussaoui is eligible for death
• Capitol Police request arrest warrant for Georgia
  congresswoman
• Florida wins NCAA Tournament
• Duke vs. Maryland Womens NCAA

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• Rules of The Road
• Purpose and Scope

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Navigation RulesPurpose and Scope

• AGENDA
• Purpose and Scope
• Principles of Maritime Law
• Rule 1 Applicability
• Rule 2 Rule of Good Seamanship
• Rule 3 General Definitions

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Purpose of Scope of the Rules of the Road

• Sources
• 1972 COLREGS (International Rules)
• Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at
  Sea
• Amended in 1983, 1989, 1991 by the IMO
• 1980 Navigation Rules Act (Inland Rules)
• Applies exclusively to US inland waters
• NOTE Navigation Rules have the force of law.

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Rule 1(a) Applicability

• Nav Rules apply based upon a vessels location.
• COLREGS Line of Demarcation (pg 176/193)

• These rules shall apply to all vessels upon the
  high seas and in all waters connected therewith
  navigable by seagoing vessels.

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Rule 2 Responsibility

• Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any
  vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof,
  from the consequences of any neglect to comply
  with these Rules or of the neglect of any
  precaution which may be required by the ordinary
  practice of seaman.
• General Prudential Rule the mariner is
  responsible not only for complying with the Rules
  but also for avoiding a collision.
• Special Situations
• In extremis situations

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Special Situations(not covered by the Rules)
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What is Good Seamanship?
A. Turn around and go the other way. B. Speed
up and pass vessel B on her starboard side. C.
Overtake Vessel B on her port side after
signaling. D. Slow down and stay behind Vessel B.
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Rule 3 DefinitionsVessel

• Vessel includes every description of water
  craft used or capable of being used as a means on
  transportation on water.

• Includes
• Power-driven vessels
• Sailboats
• Seaplanes
• Non-displacement craft
• Power driven vessel

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Rule 3 DefinitionsVessel engaged in fishing

• Vessel engaged in fishing means any vessel
  fishing with nets, lines, trawls or other fishing
  apparatus which restrict maneuverability.

• Does NOT include
• Vessel engaged in trolling.

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Rule 3 DefinitionsVessel not under command

• Vessel not under command means a vessel which
  through some exceptional circumstances is unable
  to maneuver to comply with the Rules.

• Examples
• Propulsion casualty
• Steering casualty

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Rule 3 DefinitionsVessel restricted in ability
to maneuver

• Vessel restricted in ability to maneuver means a
  vessel which from the nature of her work is
  unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.

• Examples
• Laying navaids
• Dredging/Surveying
• UNREP
• Flight Ops
• Mineclearance Ops

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Rule 3 DefinitionsVessel constrained by draft

• Vessel constrained by draft means a power driven
  vessel which, because of her draft in relation to
  the available depth is severely restricted in her
  ability to deviate from her present course.
  Applies to Intl Rules only (pg 8).

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Rule 3 DefinitionsUnderway, Not-underway
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Rule 3 DefinitionsRestricted Visibility
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Steering and Sailing Rules

• AGENDA
• Section I - Conduct of Vessels in any Condition
  of Visibility
• Rule 4 5 Application, Lookout
• Rule 6 - Safe Speed
• Rule 7 - Risk of Collision
• Rule 8 - Action to Avoid Collision
• Rule 9 - Narrow Channels
• Rule 10 - Traffic Separation Schemes

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Rule 4 ApplicationRule 5 Look-out

• Application (Rule 4) - Rules in this section
  apply in any condition of visibility.
• Look-out (Rule 5)
• Maintain Proper Lookout
• Use all available means
• Must use sight and hearing
• Binoculars/Radar
• Bearing circle/Alidade
• Night vision devices
• Also required at anchor

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Rule 6 Safe Speed

• Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a
  safe speed so that she can take proper and
  effective action to avoid collision and be
  stopped within a distance appropriate to the
  prevailing circumstances and conditions.
• Determinants of Safe Speed
• Draft of vessel in relation to charted depth
• Stopping distance and turning ability
• Presence of background lighting
• State of winds, sea, and current
• State of visibility
• Traffic density
• Radar limitations

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Rule 7 Risk of Collision

• Such risk is deemed to exist if the compass
  bearing of an approaching vessel does not
  appreciably change.
• Every vessel shall use all available means to
  determine if risk of collision exists.
• Early use of RADAR
• Systematic observation

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Rule 8 Action to Avoid Collision

• Any action taken to avoid collision shall be
  positive, made in ample time, and with due regard
  to the observance of good seamanship.
• Action taken must be positive and timely.
• Action taken to avoid collision with another
  vessel shall result in passing at a safe
  distance.
• The effectiveness of the action shall be
  carefully checked until the vessel is passed
  and clear.

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Rule 8 Action to Avoid Collision

• Two variables can be altered to avoid collision
  course and speed.
• Change course to avoid close-quarter
  situations.
• Slacken speed or take all way to allow more
  time to assess the situation.
• Escape clause
• if the circumstances of the case admit

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Rule 9 Narrow Channels

• Narrow Channels (Rule 9)
• Stay on the right side of the channel
• Sailing vessels and vessels lt 20 meters shall not
  impede vessels restricted to the channel.
• Fishing vessels shall not impede other
  vessels.
• Crossing vessels shall not impede other
  vessels.

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Rule 10 Traffic Separation Schemes

• Traffic Separation schemes my be adopted by the
  IMO for the purpose of these Rules.

• Use small angle of approach to enter/depart.
• Cross the scheme at right angles.
• You can fish in the lanes as long as you do not
  impede passage of the other vessels.

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Rule 10 Traffic Separation Schemes
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QUESTIONS???
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Homework

• Read Rules 11-19