Topics for Today

1
Topics for Today

• PETE (A Polyester)!

2
Topics for Today

• PETE (A Polyester)!
• Organic (Carboxylic) Acids
• Neutralization Reactions

3
Readings for Today

• 9.5 Condensation Polymers

4
Topics for Monday

• Linking the PET(E) Chain
• Nylon!

5
Readings for Monday

• 9.5 Condensation Polymers
• 9.6 Nylon and Polyamides
• 10.3 Functional Groups!

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Announcements!
Homework 4 due Wednesday.
Recommendation Dont start at the last minute!
7
Exam 3!
Friday, April 20!
Same format as always
8
Exam 3!
Non-memory calculators OK.
Please, no cell phones
9
Shelf life of bottled water?
1205 pm TODAY! Room 104 Water Science and
Engineering Lab!
Treats at 1150
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Topics for Today

• PETE (A Polyester)!

11
From Last Time
12
From Last Time...
Addition Polymers!

n
H
H
R
CH2CH2
n
C C
H
H
13
Addition Polymers

• Polyethylene
• Polypropylene
• Polyvinyl Chloride
• Polystyrene
• Teflon

Other types of polymers?
14
Condensation Polymers!
Polyester
Nylon
15
What do we use PET(E) for?
16
PETE (polyethylene terephthalate (ester))
17
Bottles
18
Clothing
19
Review
What are esters?
20
Functional Groups
Chemically speaking
Alcohol R O H Ether R O R
Ester R C O R

O
21
Esters
22
Organic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
23
Functional Groups
Alcohol R O H Ether R O R
Ester R C O R

O
Carboxylic R C O H Acid

O
24
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)

25
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)

1 carbon atom
26
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)

C-C single bonds
27
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)

Carboxylic Acid group
28
Carboxylic Acids
Fire ant venom!

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
• HCOOH

O
C
H
OH
29
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
• Ethanoic Acid (Acetic Acid)

30
Carboxylic Acids

• Ethanoic Acid (Acetic Acid)
• CH3COOH

O
C
CH3
OH
31
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
• Ethanoic Acid (Acetic Acid)
• Propanoic Acid (Propionic Acid)

32

• Propanoic Acid (Propionic Acid)
• CH3CH2COOH

O
C
CH2
CH3
OH
Limburger cheese smell
33
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
• Ethanoic Acid (Acetic Acid)
• Propanoic Acid (Propionic Acid)
• Butanoic Acid (Butyric Acid)

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Butanoic Acid (Butyric Acid)
Rancid Butter
O
CH3
C
CH2
CH2
OH
35
Butyric Acid
Locker Room Smell
O
CH3
C
CH2
CH2
OH
36
Rest and Breathe
37
END EXAM 3
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Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
• Ethanoic Acid (Acetic Acid)
• Propanoic Acid (Propionic Acid)
• Butanoic Acid (Butyric Acid)
• Pent
• Hex
• Etc

39
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
• Ethanoic Acid (Acetic Acid)
• Propanoic Acid (Propionic Acid)
• Butanoic Acid (Butyric Acid)
• Benzoic Acid

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Benzoic Acid
O
C
OH
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Phthalic Acid
O
C
Other isomers?
OH
O
C
OH
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Phthalic Acid
O
C
OH
O
C
OH
43
Phthalic Acid
O
C
OH
O
C
HO
44
Terephthalic Acid
O
C
OH
O
C
HO
45
Carboxylic Acids

• Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
• Ethanoic Acid (Acetic Acid)
• Propanoic Acid (Propionic Acid)
• Butanoic Acid (Butyric Acid)
• Benzoic Acid
• Fatty Acids

46
Fatty Acids

• Long chain (C gt 16 or so) carboxylic acids

47
Stearic acid
Bigger molecules less volatile

• faint odor
• obtained from beef fat
• a saturated fatty acid
• CH3(CH2)16C

Less stink than their smaller cousins
O

-
OH
48
Oleic acid

• An unsaturated fatty acid

49
Carboxylic acids in foods and things we eat

• Citric acid
• Ascorbic acid
  
• Acetic acid
• Folic Acid
• Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
• Others,

50
Carboxylic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
What are some acids weve already encountered
here in Chem 108?
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What do these all have in common?

• HCl
• HNO3
• H2SO4

HINT Look at the ions!
52
Carboxylic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
Neutralization Reactions!
53
Carboxylic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
Acids in Chem 108?
54

• HCl
• HNO3
• H2SO4

Some bases?
55
What happens when you react an acid and a base?

• HCl
• HNO3
• H2SO4

NaOH NH4OH
Household Ammonia!
56

• HCl
• HNO3
• H2SO4

?
NaOH NH4OH

57
Neutralization Reactions

• HCl
• HNO3
• H2SO4

?
NaOH NH4OH

58
Acid Rain
Review
Acid Salt
HNO3 CaCO3 ? Ca(NO3)2 H2CO3
H NO3-
Ca2 CO3 2-
Ca2 2 NO3-
2 H CO3 2-
59
Neutralization Reaction
Acid Base
Salt Water
? NaNO3 HOH
HNO3 NaOH
H NO3-
Na OH -
Na NO3-
H OH -
Forms Water!
Comes from the base
Comes from the acid
60
MgCl2???
What acid and base are reacted to form
Ca(NO3)2??
NH4Cl??
61
Carboxylic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
Neutralization Reactions!
62
Neutralization Reactions

• HCl
• HNO3
• H2SO4
• Formic Acid
• Benzoic Acid
• Phthalic Acid

?
NaOH NH4OH

63
Neutralization Reaction
Acid Base
Salt Water
O
O

H2O

NaOH
C
CH3
C
CH3
OH
O- Na
Try benzoic acid on your own at home!
64
Carboxylic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
65
Carboxylic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
Point of Confusion
66
Functional Groups
Is an alcohol a base?
Alcohol R O H Ether R O R
Ester R C O R

O
NO!! Does not have the OH- ion.
Carboxylic R C O H Acid


O
O
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Functional Groups
Alcohol R O H Ether R O R
Ester R C O R

O
Carboxylic R C O H Acid


O
O
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H
Carboxylic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
At home Try with benzoic acid ethanol!
Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
Ethanol
O
H

OH
CH2
CH3
C
H
H2O
O
H
O

C
H
CH2
CH3
O
69
Carboxylic Acid Alcohol
Ester Water
H
Methanoic Acid (Formic Acid)
Ethanol

Ethyl Formate

Water
We just made the ester
H
Ethanol

Ethyl benzoate

Water
Benzoic Acid