Respect Intellectual Property Right of Author

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Respect Intellectual Property Right of Author

• Please respect the authors intellectual property
  right. Do not use this material without the
  permission of the author.
• Po-Keung Ip, Graduate Institute of philosophy,
  National Central University
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• -????????? ???

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Technology for Mobility

• Mechanized Transportation

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Respect Intellectual Property Right of Author

• Please respect the authors intellectual property
  right. Do not use this material without the
  permission of the author.
• Po-Keung Ip, Graduate Institute of philosophy,
  National Central University
• ?????????,????,????????? -????????? ???

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Risk of Driving
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Mobility and Technology

• Benefits and Risks of Automobiles
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Values in Transportation Technology

• Mobility
• Freedom
• Safety
• Speed
• Fuel Economy
• Cost
• Aesthetics
• Efficiency
• Effectiveness

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Values Trade-offs

• There are trade-offs of values. How would you
  trade off these values?
• Tradeoffs affected by preferences of individuals.
  
• Are they equally rational?
• Other transportation technology trains, planes,
  boats, ships, buses
• Think what is the best mix for your society?

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The Risk and Benefits of Private Cars

• Benefits
• Mobility
• Freedom
• Privacy
• Speed
• Efficiency

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Risks and Costs

• Road accidents
• Traffic congestion heavy social cost lose of
  time and productivity
• Parking space in cities
• Air pollutions
• Problem of deposing used cars
• Depletion of resources
• Oil crisis

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Why is Driving in Taiwan Dangerous? - A Personal
Experience

• In an international survey, Taiwan is regarded as
  a place where driving is dangerous.
• Here is why -
• Roads filled with Savages with little regard for
  others life and happiness (including their own).
• Many drivers, especially scooter drivers,
  routinely disobey traffic rules
• Serious disregard of traffic lights, signs and
  signals
• Driving pass red lights
• Reckless driving, dangerous driving
• Following too close
• Improper passing
• Driving too fast, driving too slow

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• Failure to use traffic signals while driving
• Driving dangerous car (lack of safety
  maintenance)
• Hot-headed and impatient (competing for road
  space and a second!)
• Disregard of other drivers impolite (cutting in
  front of other cars)
• Improper parking
• Harassing pedestrians, other rule-obeying drivers
• Drunk Driving putting others in great risks of
  being killed or seriously wounded.
• Some vehicles are more dangerous than others (big
  container trucks, construction heavy-duty trucks,
  SUVs)

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Underlying Causes

• Bad attitudes, perverted personality and
  un-reflective behavior, and a lack of proper
  technological ethics (including the committing to
  the Rules of Technology)
• Total disregard of rules and regulations of
  traffic (a means of social co-operations) (What
  are rules for?)
• Total disregard of lives of other people on the
  road
• Disregard of ones own life (dangerous drivers,
  pathological rule-breaking drivers)

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Remedy

• Make reckless and dangerous driving (especially
  drunk driving) a serious crime. (potentially
  killing innocent people)
• Strong Laws and Enforcement take road criminals
  out of the roads and exercise strong sanction
  against misbehaviors (locked up repeated
  offenders)
• Strong education including teaching the proper
  technological ethics with respect to cars.
• Create proper incentive for good road behavior
  and habits.
• Encourage good practice.

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How to combat traffic congestion in Cities

• The London
• Decongestion Experiment

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London experiment

• February 17, 2003,
• 8 square miles around city core designated as
  traffic control zone
• Monday to Friday, 7 am to 630 pm, entering
  vehicles to pay congestion charge of 5 pound
• Using electronic monitoring device to monitor
  entering vehicles and charge afterwards.
• Objective cut traffic by 15, leading to a 25
  reduction in traffic delays.
• Mayor Ken Livingston faced strong opposition
  against this policy, gambling his political
  future.

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Result

• first week after policy implemented
• Traffic reduced one third, travel time saved one
  half. Before this policy, on average two hours
  are wasted on congestion.
• Motorists finally accept.

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Other means to handle congestion

• Singapore electronic road pricing of certain
  designated zones inside the city (other cities,
  like Hong Kong has also consider this means,
  however, did not carry out because of privacy
  concern)
• South Korea control flow of traffic to city but
  using license plate numbers to regulate flow
  traffic. For example Monday, Wed, Friday for odd
  number plate cars, Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday
  for even numbered cars. Result cut off half the
  flow.

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More radical means

• Reduce the need to drive cars develop mass
  transitive system, subway, public bus, trains a
  mix of the above, plus bicycles etc.
• Redesign work reduce the need to go to
  workplace (use telecommunication technology to
  minimize body movement.
• Flexitime build in flexibility of staffs
  working hour to spread out influx of people at
  peak hour.
• Redesign city household workplace rethinking.

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• Alcohol and Driving

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Food for Thought

• Compare and contrast the risks, costs and
  benefits of the following ground transportation
  technology
• Private car
• Bus
• Train
• Trolley car (electric car)
• Motorcycle
• Bicycle
• Horse and horse carriage
• Rick-saw (???)

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Food for thought

• What mix of the above technologies do you think
  is the most suitable for your community?
• For Taiwan?

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Comparing Cost, Risks and Benefits

• Compare the cost, risks and benefits of private
  cars and public buses as transportation
  technology
• Do the same comparison for cars and trains
• Horse and private cars
• Cars and bikes
• Bikes and pair of legs

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Technology and Risks

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Train Accident in India
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TECHNOLOGY AND RISK

• The Fatal Lapses
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