REPUBLIC OF RWANDA National Institute of Statistics

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REPUBLIC OF RWANDANational Institute of
Statistics
Prepared by Emmanuel GATERA National Institute of
Statistics of Rwanda Management Information
Systems Director
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Population Census Series

• 1978, 1991 and 2002

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• History of census taking
• 1978 first census after the independence (1962)
• Technical support from the UN Statistics
  Division
• by National Office of Statistics (NOS)
• Under supervision of National Census Commission
  (NCC) and a Central Census Bureau (CCB).
• Data desegregated on ethnic level for economic,
  education and employment purposes (quotas
  systems).
• The characteristics were covered for the total of
  the population (i.e. age, sex, nationality,
  ethnic group, religion, marital status,
  occupation by activity) and for each
  administrative entity the present and the absent
  population was determined as well as the native
  population and foreigners.
• Dwelling and individuals have been enumerated and
  housing characteristics were also collected in
  1978.

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• History of census taking
• 1991 second census after the independence (1962)
  
• Technical support from the UNFPA
• by National Office of Statistics (NOS)
• Under supervision of National Census Commission
  (NCC) and Central Census Bureau (CCB).
• data desegregated again on ethnic level for
  economic, education and employment purposes
  (quotas systems).
• The characteristics were covered for the total of
  the population (i.e. age, sex, nationality,
  ethnic group, religion, marital status,
  occupation by activity)
• At the beginning only printouts of the requested
  tables were available.
• Recently recovered microdata from Celade and
  IPUMS

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• History of census taking
• 2002 Third census after the independence (1962)
• Technical support from the UNFPA
• Funds from European Union, UNFPA and GoR
• by National Service Census (NSC)
• Under supervision of National Census Commission
  (NCC) and Central Census Bureau (CCB).
• data not desegregated on ethnic level.
• data desegregated on gender
• Publications available on printouts, CD-ROMS and
  Microdata also available for dissemination thru
  website and CD-ROM ( Redatam, Microdata
  Management Toolkit very soon ).
• GIS system available and thematic maps and Atlas
  produced
• Comparable study will start very soon between the
  1991 and 2002 population and housing census
  referring also to others surveys (DHS2005,
  E-ICV2001, E-ICV2005,)

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Fig. 1 RWANDA POPULATION EVOLUTION 1978 - 2002
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Census documentation

• 2.1 Enumeration forms
• Since 1978 individual forms for each person in
  the household have been used. Persons living in
  the household have to be listed in the census
  list giving their residence status (present or
  absent). The census list serves as an instrument
  for controlling completeness of enumeration. All
  questionnaires and explanation forms were part of
  the documentation translated in Kinywarwanda (the
  sole national tongue) since the first national
  census in 1978.
• 2.2 Instructions to enumerators
• Instructions to enumerators are part of the
  documentation. The size of the booklets was
  growing from census to census. In 2002, also a
  handbook for the local census manager was Issued
  (controller and supervisors manuals).
• 2.3 Technical reports, data processing
  documentation
• Reports were issued before, during and after
  the 2002 census mostly elaborated by UNFPA
  consultants in demography and data processing
  containing instructions for the data processing,
  data editing and imputations. Such documentation
  is not available for the 1978 and 1991 census.
  There are only single reports for the RGPH2
  (1991) such as data editing programmes, a report
  on the final data checks, instructions for manual
  processing, for coding, but they have not been
  published.

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Other documentation

• 1991 disparate documentation can be find out of
  the country as all the public archiving system
  was completely destroyed during the genocide
  (1994).
• 2002 For the last census (RGPH2002), a huge
  documentation is available at Rwanda National
  Institute of Statistics included printouts
  reports, thematic analysis reports, geographic
  atlas (shape files), etc.
• NIS will soon disseminate all the surveys
  publications since the ten past years via
  Intranet, Internet using Microdata Management
  Toolkit (sponsorized by the World Bank) and
  SUPERCROSS for Census dissemination and mapping

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Content of microdata files

• Population census
• Microdata files contain nearly all variables
  available from the population censuses.
• Geography and internal migration only place of
  usual residence provided.
• Place of previous residence was asked in the 2002
  census.
• Household and family structure Relationship to
  the head of household.
• Demographic and social variables Sex, age,
  marital status, de-facto marital status,
  citizenship and religion provided.
• Ethnic group for the 1978 and 1991 census
  asked (forbidden in 2002).
• Fertility and mortality Number of children born
  alive asked in 1978, 1991 and 2002
• Education School attendance, instruction level,
  educational attainment and field of study
  provided.
• Economic variables Current activity status,
  status in employment, Disability
• Household variables type of household, household
  status, size of household number of persons of a
  certain age in the household, characteristics of
  head of household
• 1978 ? 1991 (recovered in june 2006) and 2002
  available

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Content of microdata files

• Housing census
• Dwelling variables, facilities location of
  dwelling (ground floor, first floor etc.), number
  of occupants, number of rooms, useful floor space
  (1978 to 2002), standard of equipment, origin of
• water, toilet (only 2002), type of energy
  for lighting, type of energy for cooking, etc.
• Microdata for 1991 and 2002 census

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Harmonization

• Administrative reform
• Rwanda administrative map changed many times
  since the independence in 1962.
• The last one occurred in 2005 for the
  decentralization process.
• The country is now divided
• in five provinces (5), instead of 14 (2002
  census)
• thirty districts (30), instead of 105 ( 2002
  census)
• four hundred sixteen sectors (416) instead of
  1225 (2002 census)
• and three thousands cells (3000) instead of 9000
  (2002 census)
• NIS has updated the 2002 Population Census
  database to the new system.
• NIS will harmonize the 1991 microdata as the
  boundaries at sectors remained unchanged

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Harmonization (2)

• Variables
• Social variables
• Marital status
• Relationship to head of household (HoH)
• Educational variables
• Type of school attended has a lot more
  categories in 2002 than before. Full
  comparability can be reached only if some 1991
  categories are summarized according to the former
  classification.
• Economic variables Activity status , Status in
  employment
• Occupation Occupational classification was
  changed from census to census. In 1978, a complex
  classification was used regarding specialization
  by area. In 1991 and 2002, they used
  international standards promoted by ILO
  (international Labor Organization)
• Demographic variables age, sex, citizenship,
• Ethnic group has been asked in every census
  except in 2002 for Rwandan and this
  characteristic was a very sensible one there was
  an obligation to answer the question.
• Religion has been asked in every census.
• The 1991 and 2002 microdata on dwellings will be
  drawn from the harmonized files.

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Publications

• The results of the population and housing
  censuses were published in a series of
  publications. Main results are at national level
  and provinces level, for example education,
  households and individuals characteristics
• Unfortunately, it is hard to find printouts
  publications for the 1978 and 1991 Population and
  Housing Census as the national archive system was
  destroyed during the genocide in 1994.
• 2004 Many publications and reports were done on
  the 2002 Population and Housing Census. CD-ROM
  are available at National Institute of Statistics
  of Rwanda (NISR). The NISR portal is under
  construction and will provide very shortly all
  the publications and microdata files online.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR INVITATIONNational
Institute of Statisticsof Rwanda(NISR)