Taiwan ROC

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Taiwan ROC Hong Kong

• Internal External Politics

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Taiwan ROC Government

• President (4-year term after 1996)
• The Five Yuan
• Executive Yuan (Premier, ministers, etc.)
• Legislative Yuan (3-year term)
• Judicial Yuan (15 grand justices)
• Examination Yuan and Control Yuan
• National Assembly (constitutional issues)

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Diplomatic Tug of War

• 162 countries recognize PRC as the legitimate
  government of China
• 8 (49) 32 (59) 49 (69) 113 (79) 129 (89)
• 27 countries recognize ROC as the legitimate
  government of China

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US Official Policy

• US government shifted diplomatic recognition from
  ROC to PRC in 1979
• US congress passed Taiwan Relations Act in 1979
• American Institute in Taiwan
• Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative
  Offices in US

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Economic Ties

• Trade and investment expanded rapidly despite
  restrictions by ROC government
• Workaround Hong Kong Macau
• Three links
• mail
• transportation
• trade

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President Chen Shui-bian

• pledged in 2000 that, unless the CCP used
  military force against Taiwan, he would
• not declare Taiwan independent
• not change the name of Republic of China
• not hold referendum on independence
• 2002 separate countries
• referendum

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President Jiang Zemin

• One-China principle is the basis for
  cross-straits relations
• Both the mainland and Taiwan belong to one
  China
• On the premise of the one-China principle, all
  issues can be discussed
• Stress on cultural economic exchanges

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PRC-UK Negotiations

• Deng Xiaoping 1 country, 2 systems
• PRC Constitution of 1982 S.A.R.
• PRC UK Joint Declaration in 1984

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Handover to PRC

• 7th National Peoples Congress adopted Basic Law
  of HKSAR in Beijing in 1990
• Became Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of
  PRC in July 1, 1997

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Basic Law of H K SAR

• Stipulated in PRC-UK Joint Declaration in 1984
• Drafted by a committee with members from both
  Hong Kong and mainland
• Adopted by 7th NPC in Beijing in 1990
• Came into effect on July 1, 1997
• Constitutional document for HKSAR

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3 Principles in Basic Law

• One Country, Two Systems
• Capitalist system and way of life shall remain
  unchanged for 50 years (B.L. A5)
• High Degree of Autonomy
• Hong Kong People Running Hong Kong

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1 Country, 2 Systems

• Legal system (British common law) shall be
  maintained, except for any law that contravene
  the Basic Law and subject to amendment by the
  legislature (B.L. A8)

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High Degree of Autonomy

• HKSAR enjoys executive, legislative, and
  independent judicial power, including that of
  final adjudication (B.L. A2)

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HK People Running HK

• executive authorities and legislature shall be
  composed of permanent residents of Hong Kong
  (B.L. A3)
• public servants must be permanent residents of
  Hong Kong (some exceptions)

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Central Government

• responsible for defense and foreign affairs
  relating to HKSAR (B.L. A13-14)
• authorizes HKSAR to conduct relevant external
  affairs on its own (B.L. A13)
• HKSAR shall be responsible for the maintenance of
  public order
• 11 PRC laws apply to HK (B.L. A18)

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Rights and Freedoms

• freedom of speech, of the press, of publication,
  of association, of assembly, of procession, of
  demonstration, of communication, of movement, of
  conscience, of religious belief, of marriage..
• the right and freedom to form and join trade
  unions, and to strike

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Three Branches

• Chief Executive
• Tung Chee Hwa
• Legislative Council
• Court of Final Appeal

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S/election of C.E. Legco

• Shall be specified in the light of the actual
  situation in the HKSAR and in accordance with the
  principle of gradual and orderly progress (B.L.
  A45 A68)
• The ultimate aim is the election of the Chief
  Executive and all the members of the Legislative
  Council by universal suffrage (B.L. A45 A68)

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S/election of Legco
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Chief Executive S/election

• 800-member Election Committee
• industrial, commercial, and financial sectors 1/4
• the professions 1/4
• labor, social services, religious, other 1/4
• Legco, HK deputies to NPC, etc. 1/4
• Tung Chee Hwa (1997 - 2007)
• no more than two consecutive terms

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Since 1997

• Freedoms and rights substantially intact
• dissident groups
• Falun Gong
• Judicial system remains the same
• Weak executive and strong civil service
• Lack of political skills
• Multiple political parties

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H.K.s Competitiveness

• Geographic location
• one of the best deep-water ports in the world
• hardworking and well-educated workforce
• literacy rate 94

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Worlds Freest Economy

• exports imports each US200b gt GDP
• GDP per capita US23,027
• no VAT, sales tax, or capital gains tax
• only 3 types of income are taxed
• profits, salaries, and property
• 31 live in public housing

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Influence on Mainland

• US220 billion direct investment each way
• Hong Kong bodies of law and expertise
• Hong Kong attracts talents from mainland
• Hong Kong radios, TV, newspapers, magazines, and
  Internet on mainland