SPRING

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SPRING 2005 Final Review
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What is SPEED ?
Change in distance over time.
What is VELOCITY?
Speed with a direction 20 mph South
What is ACCELERATION?
Change in velocity over time
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When do you use a BAR GRAPH?
A snap shot Used to compare data for several
individual items or events.
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Line Used to show a changing relationship
between two variables.
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Multi-line Appropriate when comparing two or
more sets of data.
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Pie appropriate
when dividing a whole into its parts.
Percentages
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How fast is an object moving if it travels 350 m
in 7 seconds
Formula distance/time
Speed 350 meter 7 seconds
Speed 50 m/s
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An object traveling at 30 m/s Increases it speed
to 70 m/s in 8 seconds. Calculate The rate of
acceleration
70 30 5m/s2 8
Formula Vf Vi t
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An object slows down 65 m/s to 30 m/s in 7
seconds. What is the Deceleration?
Formula Vf Vi t
30 65 7
- 5 m/s2
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6. Responding variable
Number of leaves Height colors
7. Manipulated variable
Vitamin supplement
8. Controls
a. Type of plant
b. Amt of water
c. Distilled water
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9. Balanced Forces
a. Equal b. Opposite
40N
40N
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10.

• Start moving
• Stop moving
• change speed

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Inertia
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• The tendency of an object to resist any changes
  in its motion

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12 Because of inertia When a car stops suddenly
you fly forward.
You stop going forward Because the seat
belts Exert an unbalanced force in an
opposite direction.
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13. If mass remains constant. As force
increases Acceleration will INCREASE
F MA
1 (1)(1)
2 (1)(2)
If mass is constant
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If FORCE remains constant. As MASS
increases Acceleration will DECREASE
F MA
1 (1)(1)
1 (2)(1/2)
If FORCE is constant
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The unit for force In The METRIC system Is the
NEWTON
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An object accelerates at a rate of 3 m/s2 with a
force of 120 N what is the mass of the object.
F ma 120 (m)(3) m 40 kg
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16. What force is Needed to accelerate a 45 kg
mass at a rate of 5 m/s2
F ma F (45)(5)
F 225N
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17. Calculate the acceleration when a force of
360 N is applied to a 90- kg mass.
F ma a F/m a 360/90 a 4
m/s2
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• A car has a mass of
• 1600 kg. What is the
• weight of the car.

F mg g 9.8 m/s2
F (1600)(9.8)
F 15680 Newtons
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19. As the space shuttle climbs into the sky,
the mass of the astronaut _____________, and
the weight of the astronaut ________.
stays the same
decreases
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20. FRICTION
A force that opposes motion
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The two factors that affect friction are
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• Mass of object
• more mass more friction
• less mass less friction

b. Texture of surface Smooth less
friction Rough more friction
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22. Calculate the momentum of a 2.4 kg puppy that
is running at 5.7 m/s.
p mv p (2.4)(5.7) p 13.68 kg?m/s
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23. Bouyancy
The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force
on an object that is immersed in a fluid.
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24. Two types of energy are
a. Potential energy
b. Kinetic energy
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25. Stored energy or energy due to position is
known as __________ energy.
potential
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26. Energy of motion Is known as __________
energy.
Kinetic
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27. Law of Conservation of Energy
energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but is
only changed from one form to another.
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28. A light bulb changes Electrical
energy into ____________.
Heat and light
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29. The headphones for your CD player change
electrical energy into __________.
SOUND
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30. What is the formula Used to calculate work?
WORK
(FORCE)
(DISTANCE)
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31. PE ? m 70 kg h 38 m PE mgh PE
(70)(9.8)(38)
PE 26068 joules
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32. KE ? v 30 m/s m 3600 kg KE 0.5mv2 KE
(0.5)(3600)(30)(30)
KE 1,620,000 joules
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33. F 600N d 8 meters t 7
seconds P (f)(d) P (600)(8) t
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P 685.7 watts
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• Two ways machines
• make work easier.

• Change the direction
• the force is applied.

b. Decrease the force that must be applied
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35. When using any machine, a decrease in force
requires an increase in__________.
distance
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36.
2
2
1
4
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37. Which pulleys would lift a 500 N box with
250N effort?
AMA Fr 500 N 2 Fe 250 N
Pulleys B C
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38. Look at pulley D. If 20 m of rope passed
through your hands, the box would rise ______ m
from the floor.
5
IMA De Dr (De) 20 Dr
IMA 4
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39. LABEL
Fe
40N
5m
15 m
Dr
De
80N
Fr
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40. Calculate INPUT WORK
WORKin (Fe)(De)
WORKin (40)(15)
WORKin 600 Joules
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41. Calculate OUTPUT WORK
WORKout (Fr)(Dr)
WORKout (5)(80)
WORKout 400 Joules
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42. Calculate IMA
IMA De Dr
15 5
3
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43. Calculate AMA
IMA Fr Fe
80 40
2
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44. Calculate EFFICIENCY
Eff Work out x 100 Work in
Eff 400 x 100 600
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Eff AMA x 100 2 IMA
3
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45. Which temperature Scale is based on ABSOLUTE
ZERO?
KELVIN
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• 46. DEFINE
• Temperature

AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY OF A SUBSTANCE
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46. DEFINE b. THERMAL ENERGY
TOTAL KINETIC ENERGY OF A SUBSTANCE
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46. DEFINE c. HEAT
CHANGE IN KINETIC ENERGY OF A SUBSTANCE
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47. The freezing point of a wax substance is
60ºC. therefore its melting point is __________.
60ºC
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48. THE THREE FACTORs that determine the thermal
energy contained by an object.
a. Mass
b. Change in temperature
c. Specific heat of object
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49. The energy Content of food is measured in?
Kilocalories (Calories)
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CONVECTION
heat transfer that occurs in moving fluids.
Conduction
the transfer of thermal energy by direct
contact between particles (SOLIDS)
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51. How is radiation different from conduction
and Convection?
RADIATION CAN TRAVEL THROUGH A VACUUM. The
other 2 must have a medium.
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52. 52 º C ________K
325
K º C 273
K 52 º C 273
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53. 15 º F _______ º C
-9.4
º C F - 32 1.8
º C 15 - 32 1.8
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197.6
54. 92º C ____ ºF
º F 1.8 º C 32
º F (1.8)(92) 32
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55. What makes thermal Energy UNIQUE?
It never exists alone. It only occurs in
the presence of another type of energy. EX heat
and light
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56. What is a magnet?
Any substance that can attract iron other
magnetic materials
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57.
Geographic north
Magnetic South
s
N
Magnetic North
Geographic South
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58. How do you make and destroy a magnet?
Making a magnet.
a. Contact - Stroking in one direction
b. Induction - Close but not touching
C. Electricity
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58 Destroying a magnet
a. Heating
b. Rubbing back and forth with another magnet
c. Striking or jarring
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59. Like poles of a magnet Unlike poles of a
magnet
REPEL
ATTRACT
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60. Three types of electricity
MAGNETISM

• the attraction and repulsion between magnetic
  poles

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b. Static electricity
the gathering of electric charges on an object.
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c. Current electricity

• the flow of electrons in a circuit.

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61.Name the three particles of the atom and their
charges.
a. PROTON - positive
b. ELECTRON - negative
c. NEUTRON no charge
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62. Which particle is responsible for the flow
of electricity?
ELECTRON
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63. What is the charge of an object with

• More electrons than
• protons?

NEGATIVE
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b. Fewer electrons than protons.
POSITIVE
c. Same number of Electrons and Protons
NEUTRAL
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64. Name the three parts of a circuit.
a. LOAD
b. VOLTAGE SOURCE
c. CONDUCTOR
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65. Comparison of Parallel and series circuits
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Comparison of Parallel and series circuits
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Comparison of Parallel and series circuits
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Comparison of Parallel and series circuits
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66. Schematic diagram Of parallel circuit with 2
lamps and 6 volt battery.
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67. Ohms law (V IR) States that

• As voltage increases
• current ___________.

INCREASES
b. As resistance increases current ___________.
DECREASES
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68. Find the resistance of A circuit with 2.5
amps of Current and a 12 volt Battery.
V IR R V I
4.8 O
R 12 2.5
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69. What is the current on on a circuit with a
power Rating of 250 watts and a voltage of 20
volts?
P VI
I P V
I 250 20
12.5 a
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70. Most electricity in the United States is
generated by
FOSSIL FUELS
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71 Alternative energy sources
1. SOLAR
2. WIND
3. GEOTHERMAL
4. TIDAL ENERGY
5. HYDROELECTRICITY
6. NUCLEAR
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72. Particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular
to the direction the wave is moving.
TRANSVERSE
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73. Particles of the medium vibrate Parallel to
the direction of the wave is moving.
LONGITUDINAL
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74. The distance from one trough to another
trough.
Wavelength
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75. The highness or lowness of a sound.
PITCH
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76. 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
Human Hearing Range
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77. The change in pitch heard when the
listener or the source of sound is moving (ex
siren)
Doppler effect
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78. The loudness of sound
Intensity
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79. The tendency of an object to vibrate at
the same frequency as another object.
RESONANCE
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80. A reflected sound wave
ECHO
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81. The EM spectrum is made of these waves
TRANSVERSE
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82. Only part of the EM spectrum that can be seen
by humans
VISIBLE LIGHT
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83. Allows most light to pass through
producing clear images.
TRANSPARENT
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84. Allows some light to Pass through
producing Blurry images
Translucent
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85. Blocks most light, No image is produced.
OPAQUE
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86. A process that Produces light that travels
in only one plane (ex sunglasses
Polarization
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87. The bending of a wave as it passes an edge or
opening
Diffraction
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88 Find the frequency of a wave if it velocity
is 50 m/s and its wavelength Is 10 meters?
V F x ? f V ?
f 50 10
5 Hz
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89. The velocity of a Wave is 21 m/s and
its Frequency is 7 Hz. What is The wavelength of
this wave
V F x ? ? V f
? 21 7
3 m
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90. What is the velocity of a wave that has a
frequency of 10 HZ and a wavelength of 2.5
meters.
V F x ?
V (10)(2.5)
25 m/s
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91. Waves with a lower frequency
contain __________ energy than those with higher
energy.
Lower
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92. List the three Primary colors.
RED
GREEN
BLUE
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92. List the three Secondary color.
CYAN
MAGENTA
YELLOW
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95. State the Law of REFLECTION
When a ray of light is reflected from a
surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the
angle of reflection.
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96. REFLECTION
The bouncing back of a light ray from
a surface.
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REFRACTION

• The change in direction
• of a light ray as it passes
• from one medium to another.