CLASSIFICATION

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CLASSIFICATION

• AIM How are living things classified?

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CLASSIFICATION is. . .

• The process of grouping things based on their
  similarities

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TAXONOMY is

• THE SCIENCE OF CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS

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BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE

• NAMING SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY C. LINNAEUS
• THE FIRST PART OF ITS NAME IS ITS GENUS AND THE
  SECOND PART IS ITS species (always in LATIN)

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GENUS species

• IS THE
• FIRST PART
• OF A
• SCIENTIFIC
• NAME
• (first letter is
• Capitalized)

• IS THE
• SECOND PART
• OF A
• SCIENTIFIC
• NAME
• (not capitalized)

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SCIENTIFIC NAMES

• What organism has the scientific name
  
• Canis familiaris?
• Hint Remember that Canis lupus is a wolf.

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SCIENTIFIC NAMES

• If you guessed a dog, you are right!

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• Acer rubrum is the scientific name for a Red
  Maple.

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SCIENTIFIC NAMES

• Can you guess what kind of organism has the
  scientific name Acer saccharinum?

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SCIENTIFIC NAMES

• And the answer is. . .
• A sugar maple!

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How do scientists organize ALL of the living
things on Earth?
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THE SIX KINGDOMS

• ARCHAEBACTERIA
• EUBACTERIA
• PROTISTS
• FUNGI
• PLANTS
• ANIMALS

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Whats the difference?

• KINGDOM is the largest and most general group.
• So then species is?
• SPECIES is the smallest and most specific group.

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CLASSIFICATION

• All living things are classified into seven
  major groups

Kingdom Phylum Class
Order Family
Genus
Species
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How am I going to remember that?

• A pneumonic device to remember the levels of
  classification
• Kings Play Cards On Fat
• Green Stools.

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Two Kingdoms of Bacteria

• EUBACTERIA -- The common bacteria, needs oxygen
  to live
• ARCHAEBACTERIA bacteria
• that live in harsh environments without oxygen

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KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA
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KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA

• Autotrophic or heterotrophic
• Unicellular
• (made up of ONE cell)
• Prokaryotes
• (DO NOT have a nucleus)

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WHAT IS A PROKARYOTE?

• AN ORGANISM THAT DOES NOT HAVE A NUCLEUS

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KINGDOM EUBACTERIA

• TRUE BACTERIA
• UNICELLULAR PROKARYOTES
• SOME AUTOTROPHS AND SOME HETEROTROPHS

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KINGDOM PROTISTA

• UNICELLULAR
• EUKARYOTES
• Live in MOIST
• surroundings
• (ranging from muddy puddles to ocean waters)

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KINGDOM PROTISTA

• SOME ARE AUTO- AND SOME ARE HETERO- TROPHIC
• SOME FORM CHAINS OR COLONIES
• THE JUNK DRAWER kingdom

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WHAT IS A EUKARYOTE?

• A Eukaryote is
• an organism
• with a NUCLEUS.

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A QUICK QUIZ . . .

• NAME THE THREE KINGDOMS THAT CONTAIN ONLY
  UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS
• 1. ARCHAEBACTERIA
• 2. EUBACTERIA
• 3. PROTIST

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QUIZ cont. . . .

• WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ARCHAEBACTERIA AND
  EUBACTERIA?
• ARCHAEBACTERIA -- live WITHOUT Oxygen
• EUBACTERIA -- needs Oxygen to survive

.
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QUIZ cont. . . .

• WHAT MAKES PROTISTS DIFFERENT FROM BACTERIA?
• PROTISTS HAVE A NUCLEUS and BACTERIA DO NOT HAVE
  A NUCLEUS.

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QUIZ cont. . . .

• WHAT IS THE TERM FOR A CELL THAT DOES NOT HAVE A
  NUCLEUS?

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Answer

• PROKARYOTE

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A quick question . . .

• WHAT IS THE TERM FOR A CELL THAT HAS A NUCLEUS?

EUKARYOTE
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NOW, ON TO THE LAST THREE KINGDOMS

• 1. FUNGI
• 2. PLANT
• 3. ANIMAL

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KINGDOM FUNGI

• EUKARYOTIC
• MULTICELLULAR
• HETEROTROPHIC
• (absorb their food)

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KINGDOM FUNGI
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KINGDOM PLANT

• MULTICELLULAR
• EUKARYOTIC
• AUTOTROPHIC

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KINGDOM PLANT
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KINGDOM PLANT
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KINGDOM PLANT
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KINGDOM ANIMAL

• Multicellular
• Heterotrophic
• Eukaryotes

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KINGDOM ANIMAL
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KINGDOM ANIMALINVERTEBRATES
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KINGDOM ANIMAL
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KINGDOM ANIMAL
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KINGDOM ANIMAL
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KINGDOM ANIMAL
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KINGDOM ANIMAL
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• Now lets do
• a little bit of review!

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Question

• WHAT IS THE NUMBER OF KINGDOMS INTO WHICH ALL
  ORGANISMS ARE GROUPED?
• A) 2
• B) 3
• C) 6
• D) 8

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Answer
6
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Six Kingdoms?

• 1 -- Archaebacteria
• 2 -- Eubacteria
• 3 -- Protista
• 4 -- Fungi
• 5 -- Plant
• 6 -- Animal

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Question on the test!

• NAME THE TWO KINGDOMS THAT CONTAIN ONLY
  HETEROTROPHS.

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Answer

• ONLY HETEROTROPHS ARE FOUND IN THE KINGDOMS
• FUNGI
• ANIMAL

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Review Question

• WHICH KINGDOMS CONTAIN ONLY
• UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS?

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Answers

• ARCHAEBACTERIA
• 2. EUBACTERIA
• 3. PROTISTA