Chapter 21

1
Chapter 21 Progressives Reformers

• Lesson 3 Objectives
• What Progressive reforms did Theodor Roosevelt
  support?
• What was Woodrow Wilsons New Freedom program?
• How was big business regulated during the
  Progressive Era?

2
A Reforming President

• William McKinley chooses Theodore Roosevelt as
  his running mate for the 1900 Presidential
  Election.
• McKinley is assassinated in 1901, TR becomes the
  nations youngest president.

3
Leon Czolgosz
4
Teddy Roosevelt

• Old, wealthy NY family.
• Suffered from asthma was sick a lot
• Lifted weights, ran, boxed
• Entered politics after college.
• Supported progressive goals.
• Hated corruption and felt gov. should protect the
  public interest.

5
goo-goo

• Age 26, NY State Legislature
• 1884, wife mother died the same day.
• Quit politics moved to ND to work on cattle
  ranch.
• Two years later, returned to East and politics.
• Served on the Civil Service Commission.
• Head of NYC Police Department
• Asst. Secretary of Navy
• 1898 Governor of NY

6
TR Takes on the Trusts

• Believed big business was to stay.
• Good trusts were left alone.
• Bad trusts cheated the public and took advantage
  of workers.
• Northern Securities Case
• First company TR went after.
• Headed by JP Morgan.
• 1904 Supreme Court agreed that N. Securities
  had violated the Sherman Antitrust Act by
  limiting trade.
• Trust had to break up
• Went after Standard Oil and American Tobacco Co.
• Both trusts were broken up.

7
(No Transcript)
8
Trustbuster!

• Trustbuster wants to destroy all trusts.
• 1902 Pennsylvania Coal Miners
• Strike for better pay shorter workday.
• Mine owners refused to negotiate.
• Roosevelt threatened to send troops in to run the
  mines.

9
Promise of a Square Deal

• Square deal all should have an equal
  opportunity to succeed.
• Teddy was re-elected in 1904.

10
Regulating railroads Protecting consumers

• Elkins Act outlawed rebates.
• Hepburn Act gave the ICC greater power,
  including the right to set rates.
• Meat Inspection Act forced packers to open
  their doors to more inspectors.
• Pure Food Drug Act required food and drug
  makers to list all ingredients on their
  packaging, ended false ads, and banned impure
  ingredients.
• Conservation protection of natural resources
• Set aside a lot of land for national parks.

11
(No Transcript)
12
(No Transcript)
13
Taft the Reformers

• 1908 Teddy supported William Howard Taft, who
  was easily elected.
• Teddy goes to Africa.
• Taft
• Quiet cautious
• Supported Progressive causes
• Odds with progressives
• Teddy runs against Taft in 1912.
• Progressive Party bullmoose mascot
• Democrats choose Woodrow Wilson

14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
Woodrow Wilson

• Progressive
• Born in South
• President of Princeton Univ.
• Gov. of New Jersey
• Won 1912 election

19
Pres. Woodrow Wilson

• New Freedom a policy to restore competition in
  the American economy.
• Federal Reserve Act regulate banking
• Federal Trade Commission had power to
  investigate companies and order them to stop
  using unfair business practices.
• Clayton Antitrust Act banned competition
  limitations barred antitrust laws from being
  used against labor unions.