Course overview - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Course overview

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Click on Courses on left column. Find GEOL 220 link. Syllabus, topic outlines, schedule, etc. ... Vikings (approx. 1000 AD) Arabs. Age of Discovery (1) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Course overview


1
Introduction
  • Course overview
  • History of Oceanography

2
Course web page
  • bohr.winthrop.edu
  • Click on Courses on left column
  • Find GEOL 220 link
  • Syllabus, topic outlines, schedule, etc.

3
Interdisciplinary
  • Biology
  • Chemistry
  • Physics
  • Geology
  • Geography
  • Political Science
  • Mathematics
  • Computer Science

4
History of Oceanography
  • Early
  • Age of Discovery
  • Science and the Oceans
  • Modern Oceanography
  • Different motivations at different times

5
Early history
  • Reasons trade, fishing, defense
  • Self centered view of Earth
  • Examples

6
Early history (2)
  • Difficult to navigate without shorelines
  • Phoenicians (approx. 1000 BC)
  • Polynesians (300-600 AD most important)

7
Early history (3)
  • Greeks (approx. 500 BC)
  • Erasthosthenes (working in Egypt) circumference
    of earth
  • Pliny the Elder phases of moon and tides
  • Ptolemy (approx. 150 AD) vast ocean, used lat
    and long
  • Middle Ages very little exploration except
  • Vikings (approx. 1000 AD)
  • Arabs

8
Age of Discovery (1)
  • Travel for economic, political and religious
    reasons
  • Portugal
  • Prince Henry
  • Dias (1497)
  • Vasco Da Gama (1498)

9
Age of Discovery (2)
  • Spain
  • Columbus (1492)
  • Vespucci (1500)
  • Balboa (1513)
  • Magellan (1522)

10
Age of Discovery (3)
  • Discovery with some science
  • James Cook (1768-1780)
  • Endeavour, Resolution, Adventure
  • Ben Franklin (1769)
  • Matthew F. Maury (early 1800s)

11
Purely scientific
  • Challenger Expedition (1872-1876)
  • Extremely significant

12
More for science
  • Voyages of Nansen aboard Fram (end of 1800s)
  • Meteor expedition (1925-27)

13
Modern Oceanography (since 20th century)
  • International
  • Interdisciplinary
  • Scientific
  • Complex instruments
  • Modern technology

14
Modern Oceanography
  • US funding
  • Oceanographic institutes
  • Drill ships, satellites, for example
  • International cooperation
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