Understanding Cancer

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Understanding Cancer
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Understanding Cancer
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Understanding Cancer
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Understanding Cancer
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Understanding Cancer
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Metastasis, Or Spread of Cancer
Once cancer cells are attached, they may pass
through the lining of the lymph or blood vessel.
Attachment A primary tumor attaches to a blood
vessel (or lymph node).
The cancer cells may then move through the blood
and lymph system to form a secondary tumor, or
metastasis, at another site in the body.
Cancer cells move into the circulation system
and spread to other parts of the body,
colonizing other organs. This traveling
and reproducing is called metastasizing.
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Seven Warning Signs of Cancer

• Change in Bowel or Bladder Habits
• A Sore That Doesnt Heal
• Unusual Bleeding or Discharge
• Thickening or Lump in the Breast, Testis, or
  Elsewhere
• Indigestion or Difficulty Swallowing
• Obvious Change in a Wart or Mole
• Nagging Cough or Hoarseness

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Who Is at Risk for Developing Cancer?
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Who Is at Risk for Developing Cancer?
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Who Is at Risk for Developing Cancer?
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Who Is at Risk for Developing Cancer?
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Lowering Your Cancer Risk

• Stay Smoke-Free
• The single most devastating and preventable cause
  of cancer deaths in the United States
• People who smoke two or more packs of cigarettes
  per day are 15 to 25 times more likely to die
  from cancer than nonsmokers.
• Eat Smart
• The same foods that keep your heart healthy, your
  blood pressure low, your bones strong, and your
  weight under control are most likely to reduce
  your risk of cancer.

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Lowering Your Cancer Risk

• Maintain a Healthy Weight
• Obesity causes 1 in 6 cancer deaths.
• Limit Exposure to Environmental Risks
• Avoid carcinogens such as nickel, chromate,
  asbestos, and vinyl chloride.
• Limit chronic use of hair dye, especially dark
  shades of permanent coloring.
• Be Vigilant
• Proven methods of cancer prevention and early
  detection could save more than 60,000 lives a
  year.
• Schedule screening exams, and perform regular
  self-exams.

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Common Types of Cancer
Carcinoma
Sarcoma
Lymphoma
Leukemia
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Skin Cancer
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Skin Cancer
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Skin Cancer
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Skin Cancer
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Three Types of Skin Cancer
Squamous-cell cancer
Melanoma
Basal-cell cancer
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ABCD The Warning Signs of Melanoma
Asymmetry One half doesnt match the other half
Border irregularity The edges are
ragged, notched, or blurred
Color Rather than uniform pigmentation, there
are shades of tan, brown, and black, with
possible dashes of red, white, and blue.
Diameter The mole is larger than 6 mm (about
the size of a pencil eraser).
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Breast Cancer
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Breast Cancer
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Breast Cancer
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Breast Cancer
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Breast Self-Exam
Fig. 16-6, p. 468
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Cervical Cancer
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Cervical Cancer
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Cervical Cancer
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Ovarian Cancer
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Ovarian Cancer
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Ovarian Cancer
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Ovarian Cancer
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Ovarian Cancer
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Testicular Cancer
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Testicular Cancer
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Testicular Cancer
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Testicular Cancer
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Colon and Rectal Cancer
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Colon and Rectal Cancer
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Colon and Rectal Cancer
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Colon and Rectal Cancer
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Colon and Rectal Cancer
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Screening for Colon Cancer
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Leukemia
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Leukemia
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Leukemia
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Leukemia
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Lung Cancer
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Lung Cancer
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Lung Cancer
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Lung Cancer
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Oral Cancer
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Oral Cancer
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Oral Cancer
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Oral Cancer
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Oral Cancer
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Prostate Cancer
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Prostate Cancer
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Prostate Cancer
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Prostate Cancer