Internet providing backbone for applications

1

.NET Vision

• Internet providing backbone for applications
• Use of several web sites and devices to provide
  one complete solution
• Software as services
• Quick software product development by leveraging
  third party web accessible components
• Enriching user experience
• Dollar rental car integration with Southwest
  airlines.

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2

.NET Vision

• Internet providing backbone

Stock Market
ETrade Web Service
Portfolio Management Spread Sheet
Stock Market
Internet
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3
.NET Vision

• .NET enabled e-Commerce Site

Authentication Service
Online Store A
Shopping Cart Service
Product Catalog Service
Online Store B
Order Shipment Service
Internet
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4

Implications On Technology

• Replacement of existing development tools
• Introduction of new development tools
• New line of server products such as Commerce
  Server 2000

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5

Tools Replacement

• Most Microsofts development tools will become
  obsolete when .NET is released
• VB, ASP, C, ADO are out
• VB.NET, ASP.NET, C.NET, and ADO.NET are in
• Development APIs such as Win32, MFC will be
  replaced with completely new framework APIs
• COM/DCOM is obsolete

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6

New Tools

• Completely new programming language called C,
  build specifically for .NET development
• Tool support for creating web services
• Completely new development framework APIs

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7

.NET Enterprise Servers

• Commerce Server 2000
• BizTalk Server 2000
• Application Center 2000
• Exchange Server 2000
• SQL Server 2000
• And more

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8

.NET Impact

• New web-service based e-Business model
• Cost of upgrading/re-engineering existing
  software products
• Cost of re-tooling technical staff
• Might need to hire or contract .NET experts as
  mentors

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9
Introduction to the .NET Framework
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10
.NET Framework - Core Features

• Common runtime framework across all languages
• Managed code execution
• Intermediate language
• Just In Time (JIT) compilation
• First class citizen programming languages
• Unified Type System
• Garbage Collection
• Versioning and deployment support
• Cross language integration
• Interoperability with unmanaged code

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11

• All Languages use .NET framework for all of their
  needs

C
JScript
.NET Framework
VB
C
Third Party Languages
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12
Managed C
C
VB.NET
JScript
Third Party Languages
Compiler
MSIL Code (Assembly)
Just In Time Compiler
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
Machine Code
Manages
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13
JIT Compilation

• IL gets compiled into CPU dependent executable
  code as needed
• .NET can optimize the executable code for various
  CPU kinds
• .NET performs type safety on IL before JIT
  compiling it into executable code

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14
JIT Compilation

• Regular JIT
• Compiles one method at a time as needed
• Used when small, fast, platform-specific code is
  required and the time required for optimization
  is not an issue
• Fast-JIT
• Converts IL to executable code very quickly
  without performing any optimization
• Pre-JIT
• Converts IL to executable at installation time.
  Converts larger units at a time

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15
Unified Type System

• All types are defined in .NET framework
• All types are shared among all .NET enhanced
  programming languages
• Types in .NET runtime are defined as classes,
  interfaces, and value types

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16
Automatic Memory Management

• Garbage Collector
• Starts up when system runs low on memory
• Runs as a low priority thread
• Objects become candidate for garbage collection
  when they go out of scope
• You can explicitly initiate garbage collector but
  it is not recommended
• No deterministic finalization
• Dont use destructors to free up external
  resources
• Use Dispose method instead

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17
Assembly

• Assembly is reusable binary, such as COM
  component
• Assembly contains Meta data and MSIL code
• Meta data contains
• Manifest
• Type definition
• Method signature
• References to external objects
• Assembly can be a component (.dll) or a
  standalone executable (.exe)
• Self describing. No more IDLs needed

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• ILDASM (Intermediate Language De-assembler)

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• Manifest

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Assembly

• Forms a security boundary
• An assembly is the unit at which permissions are
  requested and granted
• Forms a type boundary
• Every type has the assembly name as part of its
  identity
• Forms a version boundary
• All types in the same assembly are versioned as a
  unit
• Forms a deployment unit
• Forms a unit at which side-by-side execution is
  supported

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21
Deploying .NET Applications

• The end of DLL hell
• Side by side execution
• Private assemblies
• Installed in applications folder
• Only accessible by your application
• Versioning rules are not enforced
• Shared assemblies
• Installed in WinNT/Assembly folder
• Accessible by all applications
• Versioning rules are enforced

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22
Deploying .NET Applications

• Assembly Version Numbers (1.0.0.0)

Major
Minor
Build
Revision
Incompatible Change
Compatible Change (Hot Fix)

• By default .NET runtime will pick the assembly
  with highest compatible build number

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23
Cross Language Integration

• Object can call method on other object written in
  different language
• Object can inherit from other object written in
  different language
• Object can pass instance of a class to other
  object written in different language
• .NET debugger will be able to step through code
  written in different languages
• .NET runtime will enable exceptions to be handled
  the same way across different languages

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24
Interoperability With COM

• .NET assemblies can talk to COM components using
  Runtime Callable Wrapper (RCW)
• RCW translates COM types to .NET type
• RCW translates HResult to .NET exceptions
• RCW manages reference count on COM object
• COM Components can talk to .NET assemblies using
  COM Callable Wrapper (CCW)
• .NET types are converted into COM types
• .NET exceptions are converted into HResult

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