The Joint Training Experimentation Program: Hotwash from the Second Demonstration

1
The Joint Training Experimentation Program
Hotwash from the Second Demonstration

• John Shockley, Reginald Ford, Michael Beebe,
  Gerald Lucha, Mark Johnson
• SRI International
• john.shockley_at_sri.com, reginald.ford_at_sri.com,
  mike.beebe_at_sri.com, gerald.lucha_at_sri.com,
  mark.johnson_at_sri.com
• COL (Ret.) John C. Bernatz
• Office of the Adjutant GeneralCalifornia
  National Guard
• John.bernatz_at_ca.ngb.army.mil

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Outline

• Introduction and JTEP Overview
• JTEP LVC Demonstration
• Key Accomplishments and Lessons Learned
• Next Steps
• Summary and Conclusions

3
JTEP Overview

• A NGB/CNG program to link existing/readily
  available Live-Virtual- Constructive (LVC)
  training systems/infrastructure to improve
  overall training and readiness of Guard forces
• Combat Operations
• MSCA Operations
• Post-Mobilization Training
• Urban Operations
• Key areas of focus
• Distributed training
• Multi-echelon training
• Maximized training realism via LVC environment

4
JTEP Overview (cont.)

• JTEP Timeline
• September 2002 Start
• January 2003 Study Task Complete
• May 2003 LC Demo
• December 2003 LVC Demo
• January 2004 MSCA Demo

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JTEP LVC DemonstrationComponents

• LiveDeployable Force-on-Force Instrumented Range
  System (DFIRST)CNG owned Co. set
• GPS-based geo-pairing
• Integrated GPS Radio System (IGRS) added for
  dismounts
• VirtualClose Combat Tactical Trainer (CCTT)CNG
  Mobile Plt. Set
• ConstructiveJoint Conflict and Tactical
  Simulation (JCATS)CNG Janus needed interface
• InteroperabilityDISAll component systems fully
  support DIS standard HLA envisioned for future
  growth
• Network/InfrastructureGuardNet/CA ARNG Net

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JTEP LVC DemonstrationScenario

• Battalion-level (3-160 Infantry Mech)
  Movement-to-contact Mission
• V-C Higher HQ UAV
• Modified (by users) from two to three axes of
  advance to include
• V-C cross-attached Company Teams
• CCTT (Plt Ldr)
• CCTT SAF (Plt)
• JCATS (Co)
• Matched doctrine more closely

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JTEP LVC DemonstrationArchitecture
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JTEP LVC DemonstrationCamp SLO Architecture

• Bn TOC
• JCATS
• BLUFOR
• OPFOR
• CCTT
• V-C UAV
• DIS Radio Voice Comm.
• Distributed AAR Master
• DAAR Viewing site

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JTEP LVC DemonstrationCamp Roberts Architecture

• DFIRST
• IGRS
• Pop-up Targets (JCATS OPFOR)
• Wireless LAN
• DIS Radio Voice Comm.
• Distributed AAR Site

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JTEP LVC DemonstrationDAAR Architecture

• Linked sites at Camp SLO and Camp Roberts with
  OTAG
• Live feed of exercise data
• DAAR Node
• Each site had synched 2D and 3D display and
  organic VTC for interaction

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JTEP LVC Demonstration Architecture (concl.)

• DFIRST, IGRS, CCTT, and JCATS sent and received
  DIS PDUs (ES, Fire, Det.)
• Voice via DIS Radios
• Interfaced to organic DIS Radios in CCTT
• Interfaced to live SINCGARS for DFIRST
• Live participants tracked in Camp Roberts,
  translated to GrafenBob, Germany
• All participant positions and interactions shown
  on 2D and 3D displays
• Data and voice recorded for DAAR
• V-C UAV provided seamless LVC view of battlespace

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Key Accomplishments and Lessons Learned

• Stitched and Correlated Terrain--Grafenbob
• CCTT/JCATS Integration
• JCATS/DFIRST/IGRS Integration
• Virtual-Constructive UAV
• DIS Radio
• Network--GuardNet
• Distributed After Action Review (DAAR)
• Training Value

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Stitched and Correlated TerrainGrafenbob

• Created stitched Grafenbob
• Grafenfels Camp Roberts
• 13km x 13km playbox
• Located in Germany
• Federate mobility/coverage
• CCTT ? Grafenfels portion of Grafenbob
• CCTT technically operated in Grafenfels
• DFIRST/IGRS ? Camp Roberts portion of Grafenbob
• JCATS ? All of Grafenbob
• UAV ? All of Grafenbob
• 2D and 3D Displays ? All of Grafenbob

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Stitched and Correlated TerrainGrafenbob
Products

• Paper GrafenBob 124,000
• Visual DB MDX
• Annotated Visual DB - MDX
• JCATS Terrain DAF
• DFIRST 2D Terrain
• Intermediate - testing products
• P6
• Roberts
• Visual and JCATS

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Stitched and Correlated TerrainGrafenbob Key
Accomplishments

• Camp Roberts Geospecific data
• Relocating Camp Roberts to Germany
• Translated Roberts next to Grafenfels
• Raised Roberts 300 ft to match Grafenfels
  elevation more closely
• Grafenfels (P6) STF import and JCATS Export
• Provides correlated CCTT-JCATS terrain
• True Correlation

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Stitched and Correlated TerrainGrafenbobDiscover
ies and Challenges

• STF (P6 format) not a tight standard
• Even if it were, it would still be hard to port
  terrain databases
• JCATS posting and file creation
• Zone 32
• Ellipsoid ! Geoid
• Pipeline not unidirectional
• Dynamic Battleplans
• Coordinate Systems theory vs. practice
• MDX ! Openflight

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CCTT/JCATS Integration

• Successful direct- and indirect-fire engagements
  between CCTT and JCATS
• JCATS and CCTT entities cross-attached for
  maximum training realism
• Vehicles in Company Teams were modeled in JCATS
  and controlled by JCATS operator
• Used correlated Grafenbob terrain
• Correlated to 1/2 m (due to differences in geoid
  vs. ellipsoid height)
• Resulted in slight burrowing/flying to ½ m
• Reported by users to be typical of CCTT SAF
• No impact on engagements or training
• To be corrected in future demos

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CCTT/JCATS Integration (Cont.)

• Used 1s DIS heartbeat
• Provided suitable updates
• Need to examine DR algorithms and application
• Discovered problems with CCTT seeing dismounts
  (JCATS or IGRS)
• IG crashes when dismounts undergo posture change
  within area of interest
• Non-moving dismount previously tested OK
• Needs further study

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JCATS/DFIRST/IGRS Integration

• Direct and indirect fire engagements
• Initial concerns with JCATS/DFIRST terrain
  correlation due to elevated Roberts (to meet
  Grafenfels)
• Engagements still successful
• Need to examine translation and elevation of
  Roberts to Germany

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Virtual-Constructive UAV

• Used COTS (MetaVR) product to create
  Virtual-Constructive UAV
• Human sensor operator
• JCATS flight model
• UAV had complete view of battlefield
• Included all Live, Virtual, and Constructive
  entities
• Provided for EO and IR real-time imagery
• Provided paper photos of UAV imagery to Battalion
  TOC
• UAV proved valuable tool for battalion
• Real training value
• Real value of seamless LVC integration

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DIS Radio

• Updated/expanded DIS Radio network from May demo
• Provided communications for
• TOC
• JCATS
• CCTT via organic DIS Radios
• DFIRST via SINGCARS
• Original encoding scheme (used in May) not
  compatible with CCTT DIS Radios
• Compatible encoding resulted in lower bandwidth
  (greater compression), degraded clarity
• All radios shifted to CCTT encoding scheme

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NetworkGuardNet/CA ARNG Net

• Continued use of GuardNet for December demo
• Set up VPN between CSLO, CRoberts, OTAG
• Reconfigured CSLO network to be behind single
  firewall
• Bldgs. 719, 738, 824, 826
• Avg. 500kbps peak 700kbps
• Bandwidth dominated by DIS Radio traffic (90)
• Mobilization occurring at Camp Roberts
• Resulted in reduced bandwidth availability
• JTEP demo was lower priority
• With mobilization and increased demand, Bn.-level
  training may be limit for JTEP on this shared
  network configuration
• Future efforts to examine potential for increased
  (radio) traffic
• Will examine potential for additional
  compression/filtering

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Distributed After Action Review (DAAR)

• Developed and introduced DAAR at four locations
  (CSLO 2, Camp Roberts, OTAG)
• Synchronized playback of recorded exercise data
  on 2D and 3D displays
• Organic VTC capability for human interaction in
  AAR
• Sent control info only of locally recorded
  exercise dataconserve bandwidth
• 2D/3D/exercise data playback worked well
• VTC portion was less satisfactory
• Needed more time beforehand to verify
  functionality and VTC display resolution
• Needed more time for AAR rehearsal using VTC
  appliances

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Training Value

• JTEP Demo billed as technology demo
• Training is ultimate focus
• Intended to demonstrate how LVC training might be
  accomplished
• Participants gained exceptional training value
  from the outset
• Unanticipated outcome
• Participants quickly realized training potential
  and modified scenario to optimize training
• Effectively took over the exercise as though
  JTEP were an operational training systema very
  positive development
• Cross-attached JCATS and CCTT entities
• Revised axes of advance
• Many participants reported the best training ever
  received in the Guard

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Next Steps

• MSCA JTEP
• Urban JTEP
• Pre-deployment training
• Jointness
• HLA and TENA
• Functionality across state lines
• Increase numbers of systems operating within the
  architecture

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Further Detail

• 04E-SIW-063, The Joint Training Experimentation
  Program (JTEP) Approach to Distributed After
  Action Review (DAAR)
• 04E-SIW-065, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to
  LVC Integration Great Training
• 04E-SIW-066, Integration of CCTT and JCATS in an
  LVC Exercise
• 04E-SIW-069, The Creation of GrafenBob for the
  JTEP LVC Demo

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Summary and Conclusions

• JTEP LVC Demo conducted December 11, 2003
• CCTT/JCATS integration
• Direct fire interaction
• Cross-attached entities
• Fidelity suitable for closely coordinated
  training
• Grafenbob to enable LVC integration
• Irregular areas of geo-specific and geo-typical
  terrain stitched together
• Terrain correlated to enable LVC interaction
• V-C UAV provided seamless view of LVC battlespace
• Demonstrated value of LVC integration
• Provided REAL training valuebest Guard training
  ever reported by some participants

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Summary and Conclusions

• Areas for future work/study
• GuardNet bandwidthcurrent Bn. Exercise stressed
  network
• Encoding/filtering schemes for DIS Radios
• Additional polishing of Grafenbob
• Use of VTC in DAAR
• CCTT dismounts

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QUESTIONS?
Contact Information
John Shockley, SRI International Project
Leader Voice 650-859-4165 John.Shockley_at_sri.com
COL (Ret) John C. Bernatz Program Manager Voice
916-854-3676 DSN 466-3676 FAX [phone] John.Be
rnatz_at_ca.ngb.army.mil