GIS Applications in Hydrology

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GIS Applications in Hydrology

• Baxter E. Vieux, Ph.D., P.E.
• School of Civil Engineering and Environmental
  Science
• University of Oklahoma
• 202 West Boyd Street, Room CEC334
• Norman, OK 73019
• bvieux_at_ou.edu

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Web Pages

• Faculty profile
• http//www.coe.ou.edu/research/profiles/cees/vieux
  /content.html
• Environmental Modeling and GIS Laboratory
• Under construction, but
• http//www.coe.ou.edu/emgis/contact.htm
• Independent Study Course in Hydrology
• http//www.occe.ou.edu/isd/ce5843/
• On campus course in Hydrology
• http//www.ecn.ou.edu/vieux/www/ce5843/index.htm

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Geographic Information Systems

• Geographic information systems (GIS) are a useful
  tool for analysis of spatially distributed
  features on and under the earth surface.
  Considering the inherently spatial character of
  components of the hydrologic cycle, GIS is
  increasingly used by hydrologists to analyze,
  simulate, and understand hydrologic processes.
• Representation of the essential physical
  characteristics of a hydrologic process in terms
  of parameter maps raises issues not generally
  considered by hydrologists before the advent of
  the technology and spatial data.
• Spatial resolution, scale, attribute uncertainty,
  surface interpolation, error propagation, and
  aspects related to the linkage or integration of
  spatially distributed data within a GIS and a
  hydrologic model.
• Web links http//www.ecn.ou.edu/vieux/www/ce5843/
  resources/index.htm

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GIS Data

• Characteristics of GIS Data
• Map scale, spatial detail, and extent
• Coordinate systems
• Datums
• Map projections
• Points, contours, rasters, TINs

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Data types

• Watershed boundaries delineation
• Soil and landuse/cover classification
• Digital elevation data
• Meteorological parameters
• Radar
• Satellite

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Digital Elevation Model
We are here
I was there
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Projections

• Georeferenced coordinate systems
• Review of geographic coordinates
• Ellipsoidal versus spherical

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Stereographic Projection

• Parameters
• Spheroidsphere
• Central Meridian105W
• Reference Latitude60N

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HRAP Projection

• Parallels of latitude
• 0 equator
• 90 North pole

• Meridians of longitude
• 0 Greenwich England
• 0-180 Western

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GIS Application to Flood Prediction

• Mapping rainfall into a basin
• Rainfall intensities in space and time
• Rainfall extent versus basin size
• Case study
• Tulsa, May 5-6, 2000

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Basin Hydrology Using GIS

• Objective
• Use a GIS to estimate rainfall accumulations over
  a small watershed
• Become familiar with GIS concepts involved with
• Watershed delineation
• Rainfall maps
• Fast response basin hydrology

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Tulsa, Oklahoma May 5-6, 2000
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Storm Total Tulsa, Oklahoma May 5-6, 2000
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Exercise

• Items you will need--
• Laboratory handout
• tulsa_ex.doc
• TulsaWorld.htm
• Exercise data
• tulsa_ex.apr
• Open the Arcview Project
• Follow the exercise