The Truman and Marshall Plan

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The Truman and Marshall Plan

• Aim How did America react to the Soviet Union in
  the late 1940s?

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THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
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What was it..

• It was very simple..
• Whereas before WW2 the USA had been isolationist
  and not got involved in Europe.NOW
• Because of the fear of Communism the USA was
  prepared to intervene throughout the world to
  protect democracy against communism.
• By lending equipment, advice etc ( and eventually
  military force)
• The main aim was to stop communism spreading
  further
• This policy was called CONTAINMENT

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THE MARSHALL PLAN 1947(Marshall Aid)

• What Was it?
• An American response to the poverty and hardship
  in post war Europe
• Who was Marshall?
• An American General and American Secretary of
  State, sent to assess the economic state of
  Europe

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It was thought that these were the conditions in
which communism thrived WHY?
Economies in ruins Shortages of goods Bread still
rationed Coal shortages in GB electricity cuts
each day
Details
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Marshalls reaction

• Lend 17 million dollars to Europe
• Congress against it UNTIL Czechoslovakia became
  Communist and death of Jan Masaryk
• 1948 Plan passes by Congress to last four
  years
• CNN Cold War - Episode Script Marshall Plan

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What a nice gesture by the Americans.

• Yes BUT..
• The aid came in the form of goods made by
  American firms
• So there was an element of American self-interest
  to prevent another depression in USA
• CNN - Cold War

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And Stalin

• He hated Marshall Aid!!
• Forbade Eastern European countries from having
  anything to do with it
• Regarded as anti-Communist
• Feared that it might weaken his hold on Eastern
  Bloc
• And Eastern countries would swing to the US
  dollar.
• CNN Cold War - Episode Script Marshall Plan

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Study the source carefully, then answer the
questions which follow.

• A) Study source B.
• What is the message of this cartoon? Use
  details of the cartoon and your knowledge to
  explain your answer. 6

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(No Transcript)
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• Who produced the poster and When.
• What was going on at that time?
• What do you know about the background i.e.
  peoples opinions/ actions of the Marshall Plan.
• What can you see in the poster? Describe it.
• What does it symbolise?