Commercial Subpanel Kick-off Briefing

1
Commercial SubpanelKick-off Briefing

• Randy Katz, Berkeley, Group Leader
• (Duane Adams, CMU)
• Troy Crites, Sparta
• Carl Kessler, IBM
• Rich OLear, Lockheed-Martin
• Sean Rice, Boeing
• George Spix, Microsoft
• (Bob Sproul, Sun Microsystems)
• Stephen Wolff, Cisco Systems
• Capt. David Gaines, USAF

2
Evolution of Enterprise Computing

• Early 1990s
• Emerging
• Now-to-Five Years Out
• Beyond Five Years Out

• Automated Enterprise
• Enterprise Applications
• Real-Time, Integrated Enterprise
• Dynamic, Adaptive Enterprise
• Real-time analysis and closed loop feedback
• Adaptable, Self-Organizing, Collaborative Supply
  Networks
• Automated capabilities via collaborating agents
  (cogents)

3
Emerging Middleware Industry
System Integrators
Packaged Applications
Valued-Added Resellers
Computer Technology
IBM MQ Series
Oracle RDMS
Microsoft MSMQ
Inprise Visi- Broker
Iona Orbix
Computer Platforms
4
Emerging Middleware Industry

• Application Management
• Application Integration
• Push
• Workflow
• Message Broker
• Transaction Monitor
• Object-Based
• Message-Based Middleware
• Reliable Multicast

• Tivoli
• Crossworld
• Backweb
• Vitria
• Neon, Mercator
• Tuxedo
• COM/DCOM, Corba, EJB
• IBM MQ
• Cisco

5
Middleware Functionality

• Transactions
• Security
• Management
• Internet
• Fault Management
• Load Balancing

• Connectivity
• Multiple Clients
• Interface Representation
• Messaging
• Publish/Subscribe
• Java Execution

6
Elements of Middleware

• Web applications infrastructure
• Infrastructure for enabling distributed web- and
  Internet-related applications
• Multi-agent systems
• Infrastructure for enabling systems of
  cooperating independent agents
• Distributed object/component systems
• Infrastructure for enabling interactions among
  distributed objects and components (including
  three major approachesDCOM, CORBA, and Java)
• Message-oriented middleware (MOM)
• Infrastructure for message passing among
  distributed computing elements
• Distributed database applications infrastructure
• Infrastructure for distributed database
  applications

7
Relevent Commercial Techologies

• Web Technologies
• DHTML, XML, DOM, HTTP-NG
• Agent Technology
• Multiagent Systems
• Collaborative Apps
• Notes
• Distributed App Building Blocks
• RPC Java RMI
• Message-Oriented Middleware (MOM)
• IBMs MQ series, Tibcos information bus, Lotus
  Notes/Domino

• Distributed Object /Component-based Systems
• Microsofts COM, COM, DCOM OMGs CORBA and
  Java (Java Beans, Enterprise Java Beans,
  Javaspaces, Jini, etc.)
• Distributed DB Technologies
• XACT servers, ODBC JDBC

Areas of Concentration
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Architectural Framework
DistributedOSEnvironment Management Directory Se
curity Networking Base Services
UI/Navigation Basic Dyn Forms Nativehtml html
Tools HTML/ScriptingAuthoring Rapid Applications
Development Component Creation Team Development
Business Process Web Trans- Msg Script-Svr acti
ons Que ing
Integrated Storage File Data- Mail OtherSys base
Store Stores
9
Emerging Generic Middleware Architecture
Client
Enterprise
Legacy
N e t w o r k
Web Server
N e t w o r k
E v e n t s
C o n n e c t o r s
Business Logic
User Interface Forms
Packaged Applications (SAP, Baan, PeopleSoft)
XACT/DBMS
Old Apps Data Sets
Computer Storage
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Distributed Systems Model
1
2
3
4
Appli-cation Server
Appli-cation
Database Server
Client




Web Server
Appli-cation
Database Server
Web browser
11
Market Segments in Tiered Systems
Appli-cation Server
Appli-cation
DB
Database Server
Client
MOM
DB
Web Server
Appli-cation
Web
MOM
Database Server
Web browser
12
Market Segments in Tiered Systems
COM/DCOM
COM/DCOM
Appli-cation Server
Appli-cation
EJB
CORBA
CORBA
Java
Java
Database Server
Client
COM/DCOM
CORBA
EJB
EJB
COM/DCOM
Web Server
Appli-cation
CORBA
CORBA
EJB
Java
Java
Web browser
Database Server
13
Technology ProviderCompanies Visited

• BEA Systems Corba-based Applications Middleware
  Message-based transaction agent
• Cisco Systems Networking Equipment
• Lotus Collaboration Framework
• Lucent Networking Equipment
• Microsoft Enterprise Software Strategy
• Novell Networks Distributed Directory Services

• Oracle Distributed Database/Applications
  Development Frameworks
• Sun Microsystems Distributed Object Systems
  EJB, Java, Jini
• Template Software Enterprise Application
  Integration
• Tibco Event-Driven Processing
• Vitria Application Integration Engines

14
Other Relevant Companies

• Ascent Technology, Inc. (www.ascent.com)
• Resource planning/RT res. Alloc., situation
  assessment, res. mhmt problems, transportation
  logistics
• Stratfor.com (www.stratfor.com)
• Corporate intelligence services
• Intelligent Systems Technology, Inc.
  (www.intelsystech.com)
• Framework for enterprise process support,
  decision support, self-paced instruction.
  knowledge-based approaches

• Webmethods.com (www.webmethods.com)
• XML/e-commerce
• www.businessobjects.com
• Enterprise query, reporting, and analysis for the
  web
• Tivoli Systems (www.tivoli.com)
• Easier for organizations worldwide to control
  all of their IT resource
• Enterprise applications asset management, change
  management, database management, distributed
  monitoring, enterprise console

15
Other Relevant Companies

• Neon (www.neon.com)
• Enterprise application integration for tying
  together packaged, legacy, client/server,
  web-based apps across different hardware
  platforms
• CrossWorlds Software (www.crossworlds.com)
• Middleware apps that integrate third party
  enterprise software products for customer
  service, sales force automation, HR, financial
  management
• Backweb (www.backweb.com)
• Communicate business-critical, time sensitive
  information through extended enterprise of
  customers, partners, employees

• Mercator (www.tsisoft.com)
• EAI software for enterprise applications--synchron
  izes business rules and document
  semantics(XML-based) among different
  applications Process flow control, Application
  adapters, Data transformation, Messaging and
  transport services
• Inprise (www.inprise.com)
• Manage development, integration, deployment, and
  management of enterprise applications
• Iona (www.iona.com)
• Orbix software infrastructure that integrates
  diverse applications (legacy, client-server,
  Web-based) across enterprise

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Technology Consumer Companies

• Boeing
• Use of OO technologies in commercial and military
  systems design
• Strong commitment to open systems architecture
  for C3I
• Mitre
• Use of OO technologies in Air Force systems
  designs
• Lessons learned

17
Distributed Systems

• Collaborative Applications
• Multiagent Systems
• Component-Based Distributed Systems
• Message-Oriented Middleware
• Enterprise Application Integration
• Distributed Database Application Infrastructure
• Network Directories
• Network Services

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Collaborative Applications E.g., Lotus Notes

• Document-oriented, replicated, semi-structured
  database
• Asynchronous collaboration
• Enhanced activity awareness
• Personal Information Management, Calendaring and
  Scheduling, People Locator, Expertise Locator,
  Distance Learning (Learning Space)
• Notes R5 improved performance, better database
  semantics (e.g., transaction logging)
• Built on top of intelligent routing of mail
• High/medium/low priority of messages
• Mail probes/server-to-server to determine QoS

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E.g., Lotus SameTime Server

• Co-worker Awareness Services
• Knowledge discovery knowledge in action
• Planning templates
• Profiling finding people with certain expertise
  Infer from how he/she uses information sources
• Applications
• Intercompany/agency communications
• Connect with vendors
• Presentations/project reviews
• Knowledge networks/experts communities
• Project management
• Internal training
• Conference call support
• Emerging strategy session

20
Multiagent Systems

• System of autonomous computations that cooperate
  or compete through message-oriented
  communications
• Individual agents attach to other objects to
  observe, react, control
• Intelligence, ability to adapt, learn, move
  usually assumed
• Decomposition of distributed apps into many,
  perhaps 1000's of, autonomous computations

21
Component-Based Systems

• Delivers object-to-object, component-to-component,
  and application-to-application interoperability
  among distributed systems
• Objects software constructs with state,
  behavior, identity, and well-defined interfaces
• Opaque units of independent production,
  acquisition, and deployment that interact to form
  a functioning system
• DCE, Java RMI, COM, DCOM, CORBA, ORBs, object
  transaction servers, Enterprise Java Beans (EJB)
• E.g., BEA Systems (M3,WebLogic), Inprise
  (Visibroker), IBM (SOM object broker), Iona
  Technologies, Microsoft (DCOM), Sun (EJB)

22
Alternative Object Architectures

• Java
• Network-oriented programming language for mobile
  code
• JavaBeans Component Model for finding/composing
  Java applets
• Java RMI Client/server via remote method
  invocation
• JINI Network Plug and Play, Service Discovery
  Service
• COM/DCOM
• Microsoft proprietary, not platform independent
  (Win/Win NT only)
• Building blocks for all of the major desktop
  applications
• CORBA
• Common Object Request Broker Architecture
• Interface Definition Language (IDL) APIs
• Internet InterORB Protocol (IIOP) for
  client-server computing in CORBA framework

23
Message-Oriented Middleware

• Delivers interoperability between applications
  and middleware based on message exchange
• Includes message queuing engines (including push,
  multicast, event-driven processing, etc.) and
  application integration engines
• Uses broadcast techniques senders need no
  knowledge of receivers, and the receivers need no
  knowledge of senders
• E.g., BEA Systems (MessageQ, Advanced Messaging
  System), IBM (MQ/MQ Integrator, Lotus
  Notes/Domino, Microsoft (Message Queue Server),
  Tibco (Information Bus)

24
Enterprise Application Integration

• Data in Consistent Form
• Distributing data to multiple legacy systems
• Follow basic business rules
• Business process automation
• Update and enhance the functionality of existing
  systems
• Manage cross-application events and functionality

25
Event-Based Programming

• Message structure
• Transactional Messages
• Perishable Messages
• Selection Criteria
• Timers
• Push or pull
• Peeking or browsing
• Message formats based on XML

• Events
• Unsolicited broadcasting/notification
• Broadcasting
• Anonymous publish/subscribe
• Sophisticated filters and rules engines
• XACT semantics are trickier
• Underlying technology is evolving reliable
  multicast, smart agents

26
Event-Enabled Enterprise

• Business Events semantically richBusiness
  Process Hire an employeeBusiness Goal global
  control and visibility of business processes
• Access Control Lists (ACL) for security
• Business Metrics info revealed to the cockpit
• e.g., order status, orders by product, orders by
  customer, quote to ship, quote to bill, quote to
  cash time
• Stovepipe applications today
• Event-oriented message and connectivity/wrappers
  and connectors
• Real-time analyzer/protocols and transformation

27
Distributed Database-Application Infrastructure

• Delivers transaction management and
  inter-operability between applications and data
  sources
• Transaction servers (MTS and EJB), Object /
  Object-Relational, and Java-oriented Database
  Management Systems, Heterogeneous DB access
• E.g., BEA Systems (Tuxedo), IBM (DB/2, Java and
  JDBC), Microsoft (Transaction Server, SQL Server,
  OLE DB specification), Oracle (8i)

28
Network Evolution

• VPNs as a business solution, not just for
  security
• Kinds of Services Connectivity, Security,
  Scalability, Reliability
• Personalized Service Vision enabled by directory
  services
• Network DNA Distributed Network Architecture
• Directory-enabled network
• Policy-driven networking
• Application-aware networking

29
Novell Full Service Directories

• Distributed Name Services
• Centralized Indexed Search
• Loose Consistency Replication
• Fine-grained Discretionary Access Control
• Extensible Schema

30
BEA End-to-End Architecture
Client Diversity
JAVA App Server
Network Resources
Business Logic Process, Workflow, Rules
Apps
BEA OTM
EJB
IIOP
Java Desktop Microsoft Desktop (COM) WebHTML
Corba
Legacy Systems
Apps
BEA TP Monitor
BEA Jolt
Apps
Apps
JDBC
Databases
Enterprise JAVA APIs
Management Security
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Vitrias Middleware Architecture

• Process Feedback
• Process Analysis
• Process Monitoring
• Process Automation
• Rules Processing
• Data Transport
• Reliable Messaging
• Event Messaging
• Publish/subscribe
• Data Transform
• Enterprise Integration
• Data Extract

• Analyzer
• Automater
• Communicator
• Channels
• Names/QoS (reliable, guaranteed, XACT,
  prioritized)
• Secure Channels (ACL on channels)
• Example Connectors
• SAP R/3
• Oracle
• Custom

32
TIBCO Middleware Architecture
Presentation (Event Console)
System Monitoring Management (Hawk)
Integration (Adapters, ContentBroker)
Connectivity (Connectors,Message Broker)
Messaging (ObjectBus, ETX,Rendezvous)
33
Java 2 Enterprise Edition
Tools
Application Programming Model
Containers
Transactions
EJBs
JSPs
Servlets
Connectors
JavaBeans
Messaging
Mail
Applets
Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition
CORBA
RMI
Database
Naming/Directory

• Distributed Applications built from Beans
• JSP Java Server Pages (mixed HTML and Java code)

34
Windows DNA Vision(Digital Nervous System)
Methods Events
Common Transactions Scheduling Queuing
Transparency
Replication
FS
SQL Server
Xchg
MTS
IIS
MSMQ
Windows Server
Storage
COM
35
Oracle 8i Architecture

• Message brokering
• Enterprise application integration
• Security
• LDAP secure directory
• SSL encryption
• Application specific security policies
• Roles in security
• Java in the DB
• Queuing in the DB
• Message broker with transformation
• Business process coordination new term for
  workflow
• Business process modeling

• Reliable Queue w/ pub/sub
• Rules-based
• Message-broker scalable transformation engines
• Async messaging critical for application
  integration
• Typed/structured messages
• AQ persistent queue in the DB, available for
  business analyses
• UML graphical editor for workflow specification
• Message types defined by industries
• Security

36
Lucent

• Committed to JAVA-enabled telecommunications
  services
• Research issues in CORBA
• ORB Reliability replication, persistence,
  message logging
• ORB Performance
• Real Time ORBs
• ORBs for telecomms
• CORBA speculative evolution/improvement

37
Boeing--Lessons Learned

• Customer acceptance of standards not taken for
  granted
• COTS
• Integration/migration interoperability not always
  smooth
• Scaleable to large systems?
• Risk if too leading edge--long term supplier
  commitment?
• Leverage widespread use of components to insure
  reliability
• Govt commercial standards/products not always
  in sync
• Componentization/isolation has large
  processing/memory impact
• Cost to keep up with rapid technology evolution

38
Mitre--Lessons Learned

• Average Developer
• Difficulty with CORBA and RMI
• Can apply design patterns
• Can use VBand JAVA IDE (imperfectly)
• Continuous training very important
• TADIL-J/Position Object
• Archeological Digs few tools to support the
  reverse engineering problem
• IDL human readible helps a lot
• Reverse engineering
• Interactions between objects
• 1000s of classes
• Domain objects ?? simulation

39
Mitre--Lessons Learned

• Wrappers
• Multiple middleware environments are likely to
  persist/co-existance
• Duplication of functionality
• Unify slightly different implementation of X
• Objects are not a silver bullet for
  interoperability
• HCI mission experts build client models, domain
  experts build enterprise models
• Observations
• Passing context across systems is difficult!
• Mapping tool/callback handler is a needed tool
  particularly important for military systems code
  is often invoked from (too) many systems

40
Tivoli Enterprise Console
41
Maturity of Technology

• Web Application Infrastructure
• Mature except for metadata (XML rapidly evolving)
• Multi-Agent Systems
• Still immature
• Message-Oriented Middleware
• Rapidly reaching maturity
• Distributed Database Apps Infrastructure
• Mature
• Distributed Object/Component Systems
• Distributed data today distribution of programs
  available in Java and COMdistribution of process
  with EJB and COM
• CORBA functionality migrating to DCOM Java

42
Meeting DoD Requirements

• Security
• Does security in commercial systems meet DoD
  requirements?
• Metadata
• Description of distributed elements to support
  distributed semantic processing generally
  emerging, based on evolving metadata approaches
  and standards
• Development of schemas/ontologies (e.g., XML
  DTDs)
• Interoperation
• Support for multiple approaches working together,
  rather than commitment to single approach

43
Proposed Next Steps

• Develop detailed Air Force scenario(s) in terms
  of business processes
• Work with industry experts to understand how
  existing and near term (1-5 years) middleware
  technologies can support these architectures
• Dr. Arvola Chan, Tibco
• Dr. Mark Linton, Vitria
• Develop detailed presentation materials based on
  design
• Formulate RD directions