The Research Paper

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The Research Paper
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1. In what format will the paper have to be
written? MLA (Modern Language Association) 2. How
long does the paper have to be?  Standard 3-5
full pages Honors 5-8 full pages 3. What kind
of sources do we have to use?  Books and the
Internet 4. What kind of sources can we not
use?  General or online encyclopedias
(wikipedia) 5. What is the minimum number of
sources we have to have? Standard 3 Honors 5
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6. What topics do I have to research for the
paper?  aspects of culture see page 52 7. Does
it have to be typed?  YES 8. Do we have to turn
in note cards and bibliography cards?  Note
cards NO Bibliography cards YES 9. What
else do we have to turn in with the
paper?  Photocopies and printouts of your sources
and a Works Cited page 10. Do we have to turn in
a rough draft? Will it be graded? Does it have
to be typed? YES. YES. YES. 11. What if a paper
is late? Can I mail my paper? If a paper is
turned in after the class period on the due date,
it is ten points off. It is twenty-five points
off the 2nd day. It will not be taken later than
two days. You can mail the paper and we will go
by the postmark date for the late grade.
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12. Do we have to document?  Yes. This means
giving credit to your sources in your paper. 13.
What happens if we intentionally plagiarize?  You
will be written up and suspended you will
receive a zero on the paper. 14. When is the
rough draft due?  March 24th, a Monday. 15. When
is the final draft due?  May 9th, a Friday 16.
How many times can we rewrite? Once, from the
rough draft to the final draft.
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17. How much will the paper count in all?  Six
test grades, three quiz grades, four daily
grades 18. What resources are available to
me?  Mt. Tabor Media Center, Public Library, Wake
Forest Library, the Internet 19. How many direct
quotes am I allowed to have in my paper? How long
can they be? Three direct quotes total. No one
quote can be more than four lines long. 20. Can
we use first or second person anywhere in the
paper? No. This is a formal paper, which means
you cannot use I, me, we, us, our, you, your (or
any forms of these words).
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Writing a Thesis Statement

• A thesis statement is a one sentence statement of
  the purpose of your paper.
• It usually appears at the end of the introduction
  to your paper.
• For this research paper, you will simply be
  stating the topics which you will cover in your
  paper.
• Research papers are formal papers, which means
  that you cannot use first or second person
  personal pronouns.
• In your thesis statement, you must mention your
  country, that you are researching the culture,
  and you must list the topics.
• EXAMPLE THESIS STATEMENT
• The food, religion, sports, holidays, and
  education in Japan are all interesting aspects of
  its culture.

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Addressing your Embassy Envelope

• c/o Laurie Schaefer
• Mt. Tabor High School
• 342 Petree Road
• Winston-Salem, NC 27106

Embassy of _____________ 12345 Capital
Street Washington, DC 20008
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Paraphrasing and Summarizing

• Definition of Paraphrasing A restatement of a
  text or passage in another form or other words.
• Include all of the ideas mentioned in the
  original passage
• Follow the original order of ideas
• Keep the length approximately the same as the
  original
• Do not add your own thoughts or views
• Definition of Summary Presenting the substance
  in a condensed form by reducing to its main
  points
• Include only the main points of the original
  passage
• Do not worry about following the original order
  of ideas
• Keep the length to between ¼ and ½ of the length
  of the original
• Do not add your own thoughts or ideas

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Paraphrasing and Summarizing

• Original Text
• Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a
  great fall. All the kings horses and all the
  kings men couldnt put Humpty together again.
• Correctly Paraphrased Text
• An egg by the name of Humpty Dumpty was perched
  upon a wall. For some reason, Humpty Dumpty had a
  catastrophic fall off of this partition. Horses
  and men, which belonged to the King, tried
  unsuccessfully to repair the broken egg.
• Correctly Summarized Text
• According to the writer of a childrens nursery
  rhyme, an egg named Humpty Dumpty was unable to
  be repaired by either the horses or the men,
  which belonged to the king, after he had a
  serious fall off of a wall.

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Paraphrasing and Summarizing

• Darfur has been embroiled in a deadly conflict
  for over three years.  At least 400,000 people
  have been killed more than 2 million innocent
  civilians have been forced to flee their homes
  and now live in displaced-persons camps in Sudan
  or in refugee camps in neighboring Chad and more
  than 3.5 million men, women, and children are
  completely reliant on international aid for
  survival. Not since the Rwandan genocide of 1994
  has the world seen such a calculated campaign of
  displacement, starvation, rape, and mass
  slaughter.

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Paraphrasing and Summarizing

• Peter, Peter pumpkin eater had a wife and
  couldnt keep her. He put her in a pumpkin shell
  and there he kept her very well.

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Internal Documentation

• What is Parenthetical Documentation?
• Parenthetical Documentation is giving credit to
  your sources in your research paper, even on
  information you paraphrased or summarized.
• How often should I document?
• Every paragraph of your paper should have
  documentation.
• How much of my paper should be documented?
• You do not have to document your topic or
  transition sentence because you wrote them. The
  rest of every body paragraph must be from a
  source, and must be documented.
• How do you document?
• To document, you put important information in
  parenthesis after the information you have
  quoted, paraphrased, or summarized.

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Internal Documentation

• What if a paragraph is in my own words and from
  only one source?
• If an entire paragraph came from the same source,
  and you paraphrase or summarize the entire
  paragraph, you only have document once at the end
  of the paragraph. In this case, the period goes
  before the documentation.
• What if I use more than one source to put a
  paragraph together?
• If you used more than one source to construct a
  paragraph, you must document after each block of
  information. If each block of information is more
  than one sentence, the period goes before the
  documentation. If each block of information is
  just one sentence, then the period goes after the
  documentation.

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Internal Documentation

• How do I know what to put in the parenthesis when
  I am documenting?
• When you document a BOOK source WITH AN AUTHOR,
  you put the authors last name and the page
  number. Example (Smith 3)
• When you document a BOOK source WITHOUT AN
  AUTHOR, you put the title of the book and the
  page number. (Germany the Beautiful 12-15)
• When you document an INTERNET source WITH AN
  AUTHOR, you put the authors last name and the
  page number. Example (Jones 3-5)
• When you document an INTERNET source WITHOUT AN
  AUTHOR, you put the title of the website and the
  page number. Example (German Food 2-5)
  
• When you document an INTERVIEW, you use the last
  name of the person you interviewed and the word
  interview in the parenthesis.
• Example (Schaefer Interview)
  

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Internal Documentation

• Works Cited
• Food in Germany. Internet. 6 February
• 2007. lthttp//www.germanfood.comgt
• German Culture. Berlin Deutschland Publishing,
  2007.
• Schaefer, Laurie. Personal Interview. 5 February
  2007.
• Wooten, Meredith. I Love Kraut. Pfafftown
  Tabor
• Publishers, 1999.
• Zimmermeyer, Dave. Soccer, the Unknown Sport.
  
• Internet. 3 February 2007. lthttp//www.kickball
  .netgt

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Internal Documentation

• Food is an interesting aspect of Germanys
  culture. This first and second sentence of the
  paragraph are from an Internet source without an
  author, which is very common for Internet
  sources. The Internet source is only three pages
  long, and you know that because the printout
  tells you in the upper right hand corner(
  ) The next two
  sentences are from a brochure, which is always
  documented as if it is a book. Often, because
  brochures are written by advertising agencies,
  you will not have an author, so remember that you
  just use the title, which you can usually find on
  the front cover of the brochure (
  ) This
  one sentence is from an interview with one of
  your favorite teachers who traveled to Germany
  this teacher gave some wonderful insight into the
  food of the country and how much she loved it (
  ) The
  final three sentences are from a book with an
  author. You found this great information on food
  to finish the paragraph. The page numbers that
  you used were pages 1121-1123 (
  ) Many spectators
  at the popular sports in Germany enjoy eating
  these wonderful foods.

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Internal Documentation

• Sporting life in Germany is exciting and very
  competitive. This entire paragraph came from one
  source and a range of pages. It was hard to find
  any other source on the sports in Germany, but
  you did find this great website that provided all
  the information that you needed. You did a great
  job of paraphrasing and summarizing all of the
  information on the sports, making sure to put it
  all in your own words and still capture the
  important information. The website that you
  printed out was twelve pages long but you only
  used the first six pages of the website. Good
  luck with documenting this paragraph and making
  sure that you get everything correct (
  )
  Sports in Germany are often played on many of
  their national holidays and festivals.

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Introduction of Research Paper
The Introduction of your research paper should
begin with a direct quote from a source, should
continue with a link explaining the quote, and
should end with your thesis

• May the Emperor's reign continue for a
  thousand,eight thousand generations until the
  pebbles grow into boulders, lush with moss
  (Flag and National Anthem of Japan 1).

This stanza from the Japanese national
anthem conveys the attitude of the people of
Japan that they apply not only to their leaders,
but to every aspect of their culture.
The
food, religion, sports, holidays, and education
of Japan are all intriguing aspects of the
countrys culture.
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Conclusion of Research Paper
The conclusion of your research paper should
begin with a restatement of the thesis, should
continue with a statement about the future
potential of your country, and should end with
another quote

• The culture of Japan contains much more than
  just food, religion, sports, holidays, and
  education, but these aspects are the foundation
  of their culture.

The future of Japan is a bright and
exciting one as they continue to embrace other
cultures while never forgetting their own
cultural roots.
The traditional arts of Japan offer an
opportunity to experience something truly exotic
or find inner calm. These ancient 'ways' are not
for the faint of heart, but many foreigners come
to Japan each year to enlighten themselves
through their study. For the rest of us, just a
nibble at this great banquet of culture will be
more than enough (Japanese Culture 1).
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Body of Research Paper
The body paragraphs of your research paper should
each be focused on one aspect of culture

• TOPIC SENTENCE
• (The topic sentence should mention the aspect of
  culture that will be addressed in the paragraph.)
• Food is a delicious part of the culture of
  Japan.

TRANSITION SENTENCE (This is the last sentence
of each of your body paragraphs. It should sum up
the current paragraph and introduce the next
topic. Find a relationship between the two topics
so you can do this in one sentence.) Food is
often a favorite item at many Japanese sporting
events.
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General Info. About Works Cited

• The Works Cited page is the last page of your
  research paper. It does not count in the required
  page numbers for the paper.
• üThe Works Cited page is numbered in the upper
  right hand corner of the page, just like all of
  the other pages in your paper.
• üThe title of the page, Works Cited, is centered
  at the top of the page.
• üEverything on the page is double-spaced, never
  more than that.
• üEntries on a Works Cited page are called
  bibliographic entries, which means Biblio- book
  and graphic-writing.
• ü The entries on the Works Cited page are in
  alphabetical order.

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General Info. About Works Cited
ü When you alphabetize, you alphabetize by the
first word of the bibliographic entry, unless it
begins with the three English articles, a , an ,
and the. You ignore these words and alphabetize
by the first word in the title. ü You do not
indent the first line of a bibliographic entry,
but you do indent the second line of a
bibliographic entry. It is the opposite of a
paragraph in an essay where you indent the first
line. ü All of your sources must be documented
in your paper, so be sure to put only the sources
you used on your Works Cited page. ü Every
period, comma, and colon are very important, so
do not get careless when you create your entries.

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Book Entries
For a Book Entry with an author, you need to find
the following information and put it in this
order   Authors Last Name, Authors First Name.
Title of Book. Publishing City Publisher,
Year Published.   If the book does not have an
author, you begin with the title. For a cultural
encyclopedia, you add the name of your country in
quotation marks between the authors last name
and title of the book.
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Book Entries
If you have two authors for a book, put them in
alphabetical order by their last name, putting
the first person in order by last name then first
name, and put the other person in order by first
name then last name. If you have more than two
authors for a book, list only the first person
alphabetically, then write the Latin phrase et
al, which means And all the rest. Brochures are
documented just like a book without an author.
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Website Entries
üFor a website without an author, you need to
find the following information and put it in this
order Title of Website. Internet. Day Month
Year. ltcomplete website addressgt üThe date you
put in the bibliographic entry is the date you
found the website and printed it. üIf you can
find an author for the website, you use the
authors last name and then his/her first name,
just like a book entry.
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Website Entries
The title of the website is usually printed in
the upper left- hand corner of the page. The
website address is usually printed in the lower
left- hand corner of the page. The date you
accessed the website is usually printed in the
lower right- hand corner of the page. This is
why it is important to print from the Internet
since you wont get this information if you cut
and paste into a Word document.
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Interview Entries
ü For a personal interview with someone who has
been to your country, you need to put the
following information in this order Last name of
person interviewed, first name of person
interviewed. Personal Interview. Day Month
Year. üThe date you put in the bibliographic
entry is the date you interviewed the person.
ü If you conduct an interview by e-mail, you
would substitute the words electronic interview
for personal interview. üRemember that if you
interview someone, you must write down the
questions you are going to ask them, as well as
the answers they give you.
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Practicing Works Cited

• Write the following entries in order on the
  example Works Cited page in your booklet
• Smith, Jane. Land of the Rising Sun. New York
  Harper Collins, 2004.
• Japanese Foods. Internet. 24 February 2007.
  lthttp//www.japanfoods.comgt
• Hiroko, Yin. Personal Interview. 10 March 2007.
• Ember, Carol and Melvin Ember. Japan. Worldmark
  Encyclopedia. Atlanta Dove Publishers, 2001.
• Temple, Susan. Japan Culture. Internet. 14
  February 2007. lthttp//www.japaneseculture.comgt