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STREAMING SERVERS

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7. CURRENT ISSUES. Live or on-demand streaming is a time critical application ... ZD Labs reported that Windows Media Services delivered 26 billion packets of ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: STREAMING SERVERS


1
STREAMING SERVERS
  • Presented By
  • Joy Chakraborty
  • Martin Stavrev

2
OVERVIEW
  • What is Streaming
  • Why Use Streaming?
  • Streaming Technologies
  • Streaming Products
  • Windows Media Technologies

3
WHAT IS STREAMING ?
  • Method of making audio, video and other
    multimedia available in real-time over the
    Internet or corporate intranets
  • Streaming ensures no download wait
  • No files to take up space on your hard disk.

4
STREAMING MEDIA
  • Streaming technology is not new
  • It has been around since the inception of the
    radio (1897). We just called it broadcast.
  • Streaming media is content that contains audio,
    video and other media types.

5
WHY USE STREAMING ?
  • Streaming video can be used for live or recorded
    events
  • Provides truly interactive, on-demand audio and
    video
  • No need for time taking downloads
  • Corporate communications and training

6
CURRENT ISSUES
  • The Internet was not designed for real time
    streaming.
  • Limited bandwidth, latency, noise, packet loss
  • Retransmission and out of order packet delivery
  • Continued.

7
CURRENT ISSUES
  • Live or on-demand streaming is a time critical
    application
  • Sensitive to the variation in delay inherent in a
    shared access network like the Internet
  • Majority of end users access the Internet over
    very narrowband dial up links

8
THE streaming SOLUTION
  • Streaming uses Buffering
  • Buffering irons out the natural traffic
    variations inherent on the Internet.
  • Streamed broadcast starts to play at the same
    time as more content is being downloaded
  • Media file can be of any length and can run over
    Internet bandwidths

9
THE STREAMING MODEL
  • The components of an end to end streaming system
    are
  • Client (Media Player)
  • Streaming Server
  • Streaming Media Production Tools

10
STREAMING TECHNOLOGIES
  • Unicast
  • A separate copy of the data is sent from the
    source to each client that requests it.
  • Broadcast
  • A single copy of the data is sent to all clients
    on the network
  • Multicast
  • sends a single copy of the data to those clients
    who request it.

11
UNICAST
  • The bulk of the traffic on today's networks is
    unicast
  • A separate copy of the data is sent from the
    source to each client that requests it
  • Unicast wastes bandwidth by sending multiple
    copies of the data

12
BROADCAST
  • A single copy of the data is sent to all clients
    on the network
  • Broadcast wastes bandwidth by sending the data to
    the whole network whether or not the data is
    wanted
  • Broadcast slows client machine - each client must
    process the broadcast data whether or not the
    broadcast is of interest

13
MULTICAST
  • Multicasting sends a single copy of the data to
    those clients who request it
  • Multicasting takes the strengths of unicast and
    broadcast and avoids their weaknesses

14
MULTICAST
  • No matter how many connections, there's still
    only one connection at the server.
  • With multicasting, the client must notify the
    server that it wishes to receive the multicast
    stream, eliminating the capability of on-demand
    content

15
MULTICAST
  • Comparison of network load per client when
    unicasting an 8-Kbps PCM audio stream and
    multicasting the stream

16
THE MBONE
  • Internet Multicast Backbone
  • Most widely known and used multicast enabled
    network
  • A virtual network consisting of those portions of
    the Internet, sometimes called multicast islands,
    on which multicasting has been enabled
  • Continued.

17
THE MBONE
  • MBone has been in place since 1992 and has grown
    to more than 2000 subnets.
  • Has been used to multicast live audio and video
    showing Internet Engineering Task Force
    conferences, NASA astronauts working in space,
    and the Rolling Stones in concert.
  • MBone has successfully demonstrated the
    practicality and utility of using multicasting to
    send multimedia across the network.

18
MULTICAST ISLANDS AND TUNNELS
  • Multicasts that must travel across areas of the
    Internet that are not yet multicast-enabled are
    sent as unicasts until they reach the next
    multicast enabled island.

19
HOW MULTICASTING WORKS
  • Multicasting follows a push model of
    communications
  • The user is simply instructing the computer's
    network card to listen to a particular IP address
    for the multicast.
  • Multicast addresses are Class D IP addresses
    ranging from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
  • The computer originating the multicast does not
    need to know who has decided to receive it.
  • Continued

20
HOW MULTICASTING WORKS
21
MULTICASTING REQUIREMENTS
  • Clients must have a way to learn when a multicast
    of interest is available.
  • Clients must have a way to signal that they want
    to receive the multicast.
  • The network must have a way to efficiently route
    data to those clients who want to receive it.

22
ANNOUNCING MULTICASTS
  • Multicasts are announced in advance so that
    clients know when a multicast is available
  • On the MBone, multicasts are typically announced
    using the Session Description Protocol (SDP)
  • The announcement information is multicast to a
    well-known IP address and port where clients
    running the session directory tool receive this
    information

23
JOINING MULTICAST GROUPS
  • To signal that they want to receive a multicast,
    clients join the group to which the multicast is
    directed.
  • The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)
    handles this task
  • Groups are dynamic clients can join or leave at
    any time

24
MULTICAST GROUPS
  • When a client joins a group, it initiates two
    processes
  • First, an IGMP message is sent to the client's
    local router to inform the router that the client
    wants to receive data sent to the group
  • Second, the client sets its IP process and
    network card to receive the multicast on the
    group's address and port
  • When a group has no members, it ceases to exist
    on the network, releasing network bandwidth.

25
MULTICAST ROUTING
26
STREAMING PRODUCTS
  • Quicktime (Apple)
  • RealMedia (Real Networks)
  • Windows Media Services (Microsoft)

27
QUICKTIME
  • Mature technology (Developed 1991)
  • Mac OS, but Darwin Streaming Server available for
    other platforms.
  • Open Plug-in Feature (3rd party codecs)
  • MPEG 1 and 4
  • Quicktime 5 (beta) support for immersive
    virtual reality

28
REAL MEDIA
  • 70 Market Share (Installed on 90)
  • SureStream Technology - adjusts the streamed data
    rate to suit the client's connectivity (Intel
    partner)
  • Supports SMIL
  • RealServer (25 users free)

29
WINDOWS MEDIA SERVICES
  • Free with Windows 2000 Server
  • Relatively new
  • Proprietary ASF codec, MPEG4, SMIL
  • Intelligent Streaming
  • Microsoft Media Server (MMS), HTTP protocol

30
WINDOWS MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES
  • Internet broadband-ready platform for the
    creation, distribution, and playback of digital
    media files.
  • Newest version of the industry's leading digital
    media platform

31
COMPONENTS
  • Windows Media Player
  • Windows Media Services
  • Windows Media Encoder
  • Windows Media Format
  • Windows Media SDK
  • Windows Media Rights Manager

32
WINDOWS MEDIA SERVICES
  • Used to host media files to be streamed over the
    internet/intranet
  • A digital media platform that offers employees,
    partners, and customers exceptional scalability,
    reliability, and quality

33
WINDOWS MEDIA SERVICES FEATURES
  • Most Scalable
  • Uses Windows NT Server multithreading and
    processor support to allow for maximum
    scalability. Pentium II system can support over
    2000 28.8 Kbps connections
  • Provides freely available tools for independent
    organizations to document concurrent streams
    delivered on one machine
  • Continued.

34
WINDOWS MEDIA SERVICES FEATURES
  • Most Reliable
  • Tight integration between Windows Media Services
    and Windows 2000 creates the most reliable
    streaming platform
  • ZD Labs reported that Windows Media Services
    delivered 26 billion packets of data with
    99.9999999 accuracy over more than 12 days of
    continuous streaming of over 2,400 broadband
    streams.

  • Continued.

35
WINDOWS MEDIA SERVICES FEATURES
  • Highest Quality Output
  • Windows Media Services supports the
    industry-leading Windows Media format
  • Only video codec that offers near-DVD quality
    video at as low as 750 Kbps
  • The Windows Media audio format, which offers
    CD-quality audio at 96 Kbps
  • The revolutionary Windows Media Screen codec,
    which offers exceptional reproductions of
    computer screen movement at resolutions as high
    as 800 600 and data rates as low as 22 Kbps.
    Continued.

36
WINDOWS MEDIA SERVICES FEATURES
  • Highest Return On Investment
  • Windows Media Services are built directly into
    Windows 2000 Server, offering complete
    integration with corporate infrastructure
  • No additional per-stream or per-seat licensing is
    required for Windows Media, thus minimizing
    deployment costs

37
STREAMING CONTENT SETUP
  • Basic steps for creating and hosting streaming
    content using Windows Media Technologies
  • Encoding Windows Media Files
  • Hosting Encoded Content

38
WINDOWS MEDIA FILES
  • Format created by Microsoft for authoring,
    storing, editing, distributing, streaming, and
    playing multimedia content
  • Designed specifically to stream the content over
    networks, like the Internet
  • Highly flexible format that can be used for
    streaming audio, video, slide shows, and
    synchronized events
  • Windows Media Format enables content to be
    delivered to end users as a continuous flow of
    data

39
ENCODING WINDOWS MEDIA FILES
  • Windows Media file may be created from a .wav,
    .avi, or .mp3 file
  • Windows Media file can also contain JPEG or .bmp
    image
  • Source Files may be PowerPoint Presentation slides

40
ENCODING TOOLS
  • Media On-Demand Producer (Microsoft)
  • Windows Media Encoder
  • Windows Media Author
  • Free with Windows 2000 Server
  • SMIL creation
  • Convert .wav, .avi, or .mp3 to Windows Media file
    format (.asf, .wma, .wmv)

41
CONTENT HOSTING
  • Two Choices of hosting
  • On a Web Server
  • On to Windows Media Server

42
WEB SERVER HOSTING
  • Creating and hosting Windows Media metafiles - a
    metafile is needed for each Windows Media file.
  • A Windows Media metafile is a small text file
    that contains the URL of a Windows Media file.
  • Adding links to the metafiles from a Web page -
    each link points to the metafile for a Windows
    Media file instead of directly to the file.

43
WEB SERVER HOSTING
  • Windows Metafile Example
  • ltASX version"3"gt
  • ltEntrygt
  • ltref HREF"Path/File.asf" /gt
  • lt/Entrygt
  • lt/ASXgt

44
WEB SERVER HOSTING PROBLEMS
  • Web Server not designed for streaming media
    files.
  • Playback can be interrupted by periods of
    buffering.
  • Cannot stream files that have been encoded with
    multiple bit rates.

45
WINDOWS MEDIA SERVER HOSTING
  • If you require higher quality and better server
    resource utilization, it makes sense to host your
    content on a dedicated Windows Media server.
  • Copy the Windows Media files to the ASFroot
    directory, and copy the metafiles to the Web
    server

46
WINDOWS MEDIA SERVER HOSTING
  • Windows Media Services can stream two types of
    content
  • Broadcast and
  • On-demand.
  • Delivered to clients with a unicast connection
  • Broadcast content can also be delivered with a
    multicast connection

47
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48
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49
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50
CONTENT VIEWING
  • Windows Media Player can play back audio and
    video content the same whether a file is on a
    Windows Media server, a Web server, a network
    server, or a local hard disk
  • A Windows Media server is designed to handle
    busy, congested networks and low-bandwidth
    connections to client computers running Windows
    Media Player.

51
WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER
52
ADVANTAGES
  • Stream through most firewalls
  • Indexing - provides end users with a means of
    fast-forwarding and rewinding through a file that
    is being streamed
  • Stream content with Digital Rights Management -
    Windows Media Rights Manager - distribute
    licensed digital media over the Internet with
    superior audio quality.
  • Windows Media security - Security features can be
    used to limit access to media on a Windows Media
    server

53
ADVANTAGES
  • Live Streaming - Playback of a broadcast stream
    is controlled at the point where the stream
    originates and includes live streaming
  • Intelligent streaming - interaction between a
    Windows Media server and Windows Media Player to
    optimize the stream for the current available
    bandwidth
  • Administering and logging - control how a Windows
    Media server manages live content and files and
    monitor overall system activity in real time, log
    files

54
ADVANTAGES
  • Best-of-breed Multicast and Server Administration
    - easy-to-use server administration with
    extensive wizards that guide the user through
    procedures, such as setting up a multicast,
    monitoring a server, or switching between
    multiple live sources.
  • Support for Advanced Applications and
    Pay-Per-View (PPV) - Includes pre-built and
    documented interfaces to Site Server Ad Server,
    Site Server Commerce Server, and Site Server
    Membership server. This functionality is the core
    of pay-per-view and dynamic ad-insertion
    applications of streaming media on the Internet.

55
THE FUTURE
  • High bandwidth connections will make streaming
    more popular.
  • Guaranteed Quality of Service over IP will
    improve streaming quality.
  • The streaming model will be used more widely to
    provide multimedia content.

56
CONCLUSION
  • Streaming media is the future of online
    entertainment.
  • Low cost way to deliver interactive multimedia.
  • Windows Media Services a comprehensive suite for
    streaming.

57
RESOURCES
  • http//msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url
    /library/en-us/dnwmt/html/contcreation.asp?framet
    rue
  • http//www.publicsource.apple.com/projects/streami
    ng/
  • http//www.cultivate-int.org/issue4/video/

58
RESOURCES
  • http//www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/en/o
    verview/default.asp
  • http//msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url
    /library/en-us/dnwmt/html/webserver.asp
  • http//www.zdnet.com/sp/stories/issue/0,4537,24719
    28-4,00.html

59
RESOURCES
  • http//www.nwfusion.com/research/streaming.html
  • http//www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/en/s
    upport/faq_strm.asp
  • http//www.broadcastengineering.com/html/2000/augu
    st/features/streamMedia_0800.htm

60
RESOURCES
  • http//www.savetz.com/mbone/
  • http//www.cis.ohio-state.edu/jain/cis788-97/ip_m
    ulticast/
  • http//www.real.com
  • http//www.opensource.apple.com/projects/streaming

61
LOG ON
  • http//130.182.215.66/index.html
  • In the Linux Lab
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