West Meets West

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West Meets West

• Lycra and Denim
• Cappuccino and Cowboy Coffee
• Internet-based professionals alongside
  third-generation livestock producers
• Life-long hunters and anglers elbow-to-elbow with
  urbanites seeking nature

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No matter which West you belong to, you're part
of The Montana Challenge To remain the last
best place for fish and wildlife in a changing
West.
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Our Goals

• Document and understand Montanas changing social
  and economic conditions

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Our Goals

• Document and understand Montanas changing social
  and economic conditions
• Analyze how those changes affect fish, wildlife,
  their habitats, and human uses

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Our Goals

• Document and understand Montanas changing social
  and economic conditions
• Analyze how those changes affect fish, wildlife,
  their habitats, and human uses
• Discuss with Montanans the implications for
  natural resource management and economic
  development

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Project Sponsors
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Project Cooperators

• Bureau of Land Management
• US Fish and Wildlife Service

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Project Funding

• Cinnabar Foundation
• Claiborne-Ortenberg Foundation
• Land Trust AllianceNorthern Rockies Project
  Office
• Alex C. Walker Foundation

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Project Phases

• Gather and analyze information on Montanas
  socioeconomic conditions as they relate to
  natural resource management over the past 30
  years

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Project Phases

• Gather and analyze information on Montanas
  socioeconomic conditions as they relate to
  natural resource management over the past 30
  years
• Tell the story that emerges from that analysis,
  and discuss implications for natural resource
  management and economic development

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Information Sources

• Demographics
• Dr. George Masnick, Senior Fellow with the Joint
  Center for Housing Studies, Harvard University
• Economics
• Dr. Larry Swanson, Associate Director of the
  OConner Center for the Rocky Mountain West,
  University of Montana
• Dr. John Duffield, Adjunct Professor, University
  of Montana

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Information Sources

• Politics, Land and Water Use
• Dr. Jerry Johnson, Associate Professor,
  Department of Political Science, Montana State
  University
• Social and Cultural Values
• Dr. Daniel McCollum, USFS Rocky Mountain Research
  Station
• Dr. Joe Champ, Associate Professor Department of
  Journalism, Colorado State University

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Information Sources

• Fish and Wildlife Recreation and Tourism
• Dr. Cindy Swanson, Director Watershed, Wildlife,
  Fisheries, and Rare Plants, USDA Forest Service,
  Northern Region
• The Legal Landscape
• Dr. John Horwich, Professor and Director of the
  Land Use Clinic, University of Montana Law School

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Information Sources

• Montanas Biophysical Landscape
• Tom Palmer, Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks
• Fish and Management Challenges
• 8 management vignettes
• Susan Bury, Stauffer Bury, Inc.
• Resource Managers

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Information Data Base

• Montana Challenge Web Site
• http//fwp/mt.gov/tmc

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Information Data Base

• Montana Challenge Web Site
• http//fwp/mt.gov/tmc
• Report and Power Point presentation by each
  author

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Information Data Base

• Montana Challenge Web Site
• http//fwp/mt.gov/tmc
• Report and Power Point presentation by each
  author
• Vignettes describing fish and wildlife management
  challenges

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Information Data Base

• Montana Challenge Web Site
• http//fwp/mt.gov/tmc
• Report and Power Point presentation by each
  author
• Vignettes describing fish and wildlife management
  challenges
• Library of charts, graphs, and maps by county

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What Does It All Mean???

• Montana Challenge information tells
• A Simple, Compelling Story

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The Simple Story

• Changes in Montanas Economy
• Reflect National Trends

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The Simple Story

• Changes in Montanas Economy
• Reflect National Trends
• Mass domestic migration to the Rocky Mountains
• Population decline in the Central Heartlands

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Net Migration Population Growth and
Decline1990 1999
1980 1990
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Population Growth and Decline1990 2000
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The Simple Story

• National Trends Create
• VERY DIFFERENT
• Circumstances Across Montana

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Montanas Three Regions
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Population Growth (Percent) Montana Counties
1990-2000
The Three States of Montana
Percent Growth
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Western Mountain
Central Front Range
Eastern Plains
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(21 counties)
(14 counties)
(21 counties)
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State Average Growth Rate 1990-2000 12.9
10
0
-10
Average Growth
Average Growth
Average Growth
Rate 17.8
Rate 6.2
Rate -8.1
-20
-30
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All 21 Western Mountain CountiesAnnual
Population Growth and Components of Change
1970-2002
Dr. George Masnick Harvard University
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All 21 Eastern Plains CountiesAnnual Population
Growth and Components of Change 1970-2002
Dr. George Masnick Harvard University
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All 14 Central Front Range Counties Annual
Population Growth and Components of Change
1970-2002
Dr. George Masnick Harvard University
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The Simple Story

• Who are These Domestic In-Migrants

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The Simple Story

• Domestic In-Migrants Are Primarily
• Pre-retirement Baby Boomers

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The Simple Story

• Domestic In-Migrants Are Primarily
• Pre-retirement Baby Boomers
• In-Migration Pattern Can Be Expected to
• Continue for the Next 10 15 years

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The Simple Story

• Why Are People Moving to the Rocky Mountain West?

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Study after study indicates that migration
patterns in the West are steering more and more
people to areas high in environmental amenities
and quality of life. Dr. Larry Swanson, Center
for the Rocky Mountain West
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The Simple Story
Domestic Migrants Are Drawn to Natural Resource
Amenities and Public Lands
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The Simple Story

• How is Does This Change Montanas Economy?

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The Simple Story

• Changes in Montanas Economy Due To
• The Impact of Domestic In-Migrants
• National and Global Restructuring

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The Simple Story

• In-Migrants Change Montanas Economic Structure
  Because They
• Increase demand for goods services
• Bring non labor sources of income
• Bring or create new businesses
• Bring capital to invest in the local economy

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The Simple Story

• National and Global Restructuring
• Old Structure
• Larger Companies Everything In House
• Located Near Markets or Raw Materials
• VERY IMMOBILE

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The Simple Story

• National and Global Restructuring
• New Structure
• Smaller Companies Out Sourcing
• Located in Clusters Near Workforce
• VERY MOBILE

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The Simple Story

• Montana is changing from a
• Natural Resource Based Economy
• to a
• Human Resource Based Economy

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The Simple Story

• This Economic Shift is Felt
• Differently
• in Different Parts of Montana

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Percent Change of Population, Income, Employment
from 1990 - 2000
Dr. Larry Swanson, Center for the Rocky Mountain
West
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The Simple Story

• Human Resource Based Economy
• Jobs Follow People
• Natural Resource Based Economy
• People Follow Jobs

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The Simple Story

• Montanas Natural Resources are
• Increasing in value as amenities
• Recreation, Tourism, Quality of life
• Because they attract people who create economic
  prosperity
• Businesses, jobs, investment, diversity

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The Simple Story

• Montanas Natural Resource Amenities are in
  Direct Competition with Those of Other Rocky
  Mountain States in Attracting Economic Growth

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Rocky Mountain High
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Monument Valley
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Cowboy Country
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The Simple Story

• And Montanas Got
• Some Wild, Wild Life
• In Montana, everyone has a few wild neighbors of
  course were referring to antelope, elk, moose,
  mountain goats, bighorn sheep, eagles, trumpeter
  swans, bears, wolves, and more. Glimpse our
  watchable wildlife. Travel Montana Web Site

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The Simple Story

• Some Wild, Wild Lands
• Web Site Wilderness Search Results
• Montana 389
• Colorado 115
• Wyoming 102
• Utah 72

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MONTANAS WILDLIFE
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MONTANAS WILD LANDS
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The Simple Story

• Wildlife and Wild Lands Are
• Montanas Brand
• for Visitor and Resident Alike

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Top Two Visitor Activities (minus shopping)

Source Nickerson (2004)
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The Montana Challenge Story Tells Us

• Montanas Wildlife and Wild Lands
• are
• Key Economic and Cultural Assets

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The Montana Challenge Story Tells Us

• Montanas Wildlife Wild Lands
• Economic benefits are much greater than direct
  use expenditures from fishing, hunting, viewing,
  recreation

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The Montana Challenge Story Tells Us
Montanas Wildlife Wild Lands
Draw the People Who Create Tomorrows Economic
Opportunities
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The Montana Challenge Story Tells Us

• Investing in
• Montanas Wildlife Wild Lands
• Is investing in
• Montanas Prosperity

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FISHING
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HUNTING
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OUTDOOR RECREATION
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The Montana Challenge Story Tells Us

• Investing in
• Montanas Fish, Wildlife, and Wild Lands
• Will Require
• Addressing Serious Challenges

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The Montana Challenge Story Tells Us

• Serious Challenges Abound
• Habitat fragmentation and degradation
• Diversion of water from rivers and streams
• Competing, and at times conflicting, uses
• Public access

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The Simple Story

• Addressing the Challenges
• Requires
• Political Will

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The Simple Story Montanas Three Regions Differ

• Biophysically
• Demographically
• Economically
• Politically

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The Simple Story Think Locally

• Resources and Uses
• Economic Opportunities
• Management Challenges
• Solutions and Strategies

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The Montana Challenge

• Sustain our wildlife and wild lands for their
  traditional and deeply personal meaning to
  Montanans and their ability to attract the
  economic activity vital to our states prosperity.

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For More Information Visit

• Montana Challenge Web Site
• http//fwp/mt.gov/tmc