Striving for Sustainability Examining Luthers Carbon Footprint

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Striving for SustainabilityExamining Luthers
Carbon Footprint
February 13, 2008 Megan Selvig (09) Rich
Tenneson, Facilities Services Jon Jensen,
Environmental Studies
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What is Sustainability?
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What is Sustainability?

• meeting the needs of the present without
  compromising the ability of future generations to
  meet their needs
• -Bruntland Commission

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3 Es of Sustainability

• Environment
• Economy
• Equity

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Presidents Climate Commitment
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President Torgerson on Sustainability at Luther

• Can Luther be known as a place where
  sustainability and stewardship shape campus
  culture and practices? . . .
• This is an opportunity for Luther to build on
  past successes and be a model--not a mirror--for
  society.

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What Goes Into Luthers Carbon Footprint?

• Electricity
• Heating
• Transportation
• Solid Waste
• Agriculture
• Refrigeration

Measured last 5 years 2002-2003 fiscal year
(June-May) to 2006-2007 fiscal year
Not just carbon, but all 6 major greenhouse gases
Used Cool-Air Cool-Planet Carbon Calculator for
analysis
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Total Emissions (eCO2)
19,872 Metric Tons of eCO2
45,000,000 lbs of eCO2
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Electricity
Luthers electricity comes from Alliant Energy

• Main Campus
• Baker Village
• College Apartments
• College-owned housing

Iowa generates its electricity from the following
resources.
Coal Oil Gas Biomass Hydro Nuclear
Wind 81.6 0.3 1.9 0.3 2.2
11.4 2.41
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Electricity (lbs CO2)
-9
-15
-22
18,000,000 KWH ? 14,000,000
KWH 24,000,000 lbs CO2 ?
19,000,000 lbs CO2
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Heating

• Natural Gas
• Main Campus
• Baker Village
• Storre Theater
• College-owned housing

• Fuel Oil
• Main Campus

Cornerstone Energy provides Luthers natural gas
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Fuel Oil 5-6 (lbs CO2)
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Natural Gas (lbs CO2)
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Natural Gas and Fuel Oil (lbs CO2)
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Total Electricity and Heating Emissions (lbs CO2)
1
-3
-11
-14
44,000,000 lbs CO2 ? 36,000,000 lbs
CO2
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Total Electricity and Heating Emissions Detailed
(lbs CO2)
Electricity and Heating account for 83 of
Luthers Carbon Footprint
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Transportation

• Fleet Vehicles
• Faculty/Staff Air Travel
• Student Commuting
• Faculty/Staff Commuting

Transportation accounts for 9 of Luthers Carbon
Footprint
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Fleet Vehicles

• Maintenance Vehicles
• 13 trucks
• 3 minivans
• 4 cargo vans
• 1 car

• Fleet Vehicles
• 8 full-size vans
• 3 minivans
• 16 cars, including 4 hybrids

• Sources of Purchased Gas
• Hovden Oil
• BP
• Phillips 66
• Kwik Trip
• Shell/Texaco
• Smaller providersestimated by
• averaging price of gas

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Fleet Data 2006-2007
Gasoline Fleet
Diesel Fleet
4,000 gallons
46,000 gallons
Conversion factor 8.72 kg CO2/gallon 2.2 lbs/kg
Conversion factor 9.99 kg CO2/gallon 2.2 lbs/kg
1,023,680 lbs of CO2
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Air Travel

• Faculty/Staff
• Only gathered data for 2006-2007

• Total air miles traveled
• Measured on a per seat basis

900,000 total miles Conversion factor
0.774 kg CO2/mile 2.2 lbs 1,500,000 lbs of
CO2
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Commuting

• Student/Faculty/Staff
• Collected data from parking permit forms,
  provided by Jim Ahles
• Only for 2006-2007, used this data to estimate
  previous years

• Students
• 21.36 mpg
• 0 carpooling
• 10 miles/trip

• Faculty
• 22.13 mpg
• 12 carpooling
• 4 miles/trip

• Staff
• 20.02 mpg
• 15 carpooling
• 9 miles/trip

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Commuting Data 2006-2007
Staff 85,000 gallons 1,700,000 miles
Students 25,000 gallons 530,000 miles
Faculty 12,000 gallons 260,000 miles
500,000 lbs of CO2
1,900,000 lbs of CO2
For every gallon of gas used when you drive, you
release 19 lbs of CO2 into the atmosphere
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Transportation Emissions (lbs CO2)
2006-2007 Fiscal Year
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Waste
In 2006-2007 996 tons of waste, Conversion
factor 43 kg CH4/ton 2.2 lbs/kg 95,000 lbs of
methane emissions
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Other Sources

• Fertilizer
• Luther sprays fertilizer on the football and
  baseball fields,
• as well as green surfaces around campus
• Fertilizer contains nitrogennitrous oxide
• In 2006-2007 73 lbs of nitrous oxide emissions

• Refrigerants
• Refrigerants contain GHGs that do more damage
  than CO2
• In 2006-2007 300,000 lbs of eCO2

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Total Emissions (eCO2)
19,872 Metric Tons of eCO2
45,000,000 lbs of eCO2
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What is Luther doing now?

• Rich Tenneson, Facilities Services

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2002 Campus Energy Audit

• Working with Alliant Energy, Luther audited
  current energy usage looking for ways to reduce
  usage
• Seven-year payback plan
• More efficient technologies
• Control equipment, turn it off when not in use

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How is Energy Consumed on Campus?

• Heating
• Lighting
• HVAC

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What Savings Did The Energy Audit Uncover?

• Predicted annual energy savings
• Electricity
• 2.768 million KwHr of FY 02-03
• 16 Reduction
• Heating fuel
• 14,182 Mmbtu of FY 02-03
• 14 Reduction
• Total cost to implement 1,468,079
• Annual dollar savings 209,720
• Annual carbon reduction 6,850,909

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Payback Plan Project Types

• Automatic pool cover
• Control lighting and ventilation - occupancy
  sensors in large gathering spaces.
• Variable speed drives air handling fans, cooling
  equipment
• Update lighting fixtures

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Estimated Savings

• Variable Speed Drives
• 156,717 KWHr Electricity Savings
• 1,898 MMBtu of Fuel Savings
• .9 Reduction

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Sports Forum Lighting

• Replaced 78 1,000 watt light fixtures
• Installed 78 273 watts
• Saved 72

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Alternate Sources of Energy

• Geothermal
• Hybrid Vehicles
• Bio Diesel
• Electric Maintenance Vehicles

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Geothermal Energy

• What is geothermal energy?
• Transferring heat to or from the earth for
  heating and cooling.
• How is that accomplished?
• Using liquid as a medium to transfer heat to or
  from tubes placed in bore holes.

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Geothermal Ground Wells
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Geothermal Information

• Which buildings use geothermal ground source heat
  pumps for heating and cooling?
• All of Baker Village and the Center for the Arts
• How many bore holes do we have at Luther College
  for geothermal use?
• CFA 88 bore holes, 300 feet deep
• Baker Village 75 bore holes, 150 feet deep
• Valders Hall of Science??

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Energy Costs Per Square Foot
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Hybrid Vehicle Purchase

• Luther purchased two Honda hybrid cars in 2004,
  two in 2006, one in 2007

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Honda Civic Hybrid

• What is a Hybrid?
• A vehicle with both a gasoline engine and a
  silent electric motor

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Vehicle Life Cycle Cost

• Evaluate ALL costs over the life of the vehicle,
  not just purchase price
• original price, operations (fuel), selling price
• Look at total carbon emissions as part of
  purchasing decisions

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EPA Fuel Economy Ratings

• Hybrid MPG City 48, MPG Hwy 47
• Stratus MPG City 22, MPG Hwy 30
• Malibu - MPG City 23, MPG Hwy 32

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Original Cost of Vehicle

• Bids received per specs on midsize sedan
• Average cost overage 6,260

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Vehicle Lifetime Operational Costs

• Gasoline costs based on 100,000 lifetime
  miles(25 City, 75 Hwy)
• CivicHyb 5,926.
• Stratus 10,181 Addl 4,255
• Malibu - 9,605 Addl 2,892

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Vehicle Lifetime Greenhouse Gases

• Greenhouse gases based on 100,000 lifetime
  miles(25 City, 75 Hwy)
• CivicHyb 78,667
• Stratus 122,667 Addl 44,000
• Malibu - 105,333 Addl 26,667

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Summary of Life Cycle Cost

• Stratus lifecycle cost 19,240 19.2
  cents per mile
• Malibu lifecycle Cost 18,590 18.6 cents
  per mile
• Civic Hybrid lifecycle 17,056 17.1
  cents per mile

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Ester Machine Bio Diesel Purchase

• Two purposes
• Food Service Dock
• Cost and Emission Savings
• Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

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Oil Collection Containers
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Flying F Bio Fuels

• Ester Machine
• Process, wash dry
• Add methanol, Potassium Hydroxide Flakes
• Produce 80 gallons biodiesel per day

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Bio Diesel Production

• Produce 2,300 gallons yearly
• 56 of Usage
• Dollar Savings per Year 5,400
• Reduce Carbon emissions by 46,000 lbs

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Diesel Gator, Lawn Mowers
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Facilities Fleet Analysis

• 26 Maintenance Vehicles 2 yr history
• Miles per gallon 6 to 12, average 9.5
• Average 19 miles per day,
• 496 miles per day
• Total operating cost 2,175 per vehicle,
  
• 56,515 per year
• Total emissions 10,030 per vehicle,
• 260,810 per year

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Electric Vehicle Purchase

• Total operating cost 330 per vehicle,
• 84 Reduction per year
• Total CO2 emissions 2,890 per vehicle,
• 76 Reduction per year

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Electric Vehicle Purchase

• Total Fleet
• Reduction of 47,960 per year
• Reduction of 198,300 Pounds of CO2

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Future Purchases Considered

• Security Catering Vehicle
• Compressed Natural Gas(CNG)
• Pickup

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Transformed by the JourneyA Sesquicentennial
Strategic Plan for Luther College

• Strategic Imperative III Connecting
  Sustainability, Stewardship, and Global
  Citizenship

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Reduce carbon footprint by 50

• Strategies
• 1) Alternatives in transportation
• 2) More efficiency upgrades
• 3) Energy education to shift behavior
• 4) Invest in renewables
• 5) Carbon offsets
• 6) Land use practices

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More Sustainability Recommendations

• Model stewardship and sustainability in all
  college operations
• Nurture connection to place in all stakeholders
• Make sustainability a part of every students
  learning experience
• Create a Center for Sustainable Communities

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Transformed by the Journey?