Adaptations to the Environment 2

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Adaptations to the Environment 2

• Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
  from water

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• All animals need oxygen
• to live and water living
• animals are no
• exception. They get their
• oxygen in many different
• ways.

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• Across the body wall
• O2 in the water can pass straight into the body
  where it is needed.
• There is no blood system involved so will only
  work for small animals (e.g. hydra)

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• Across the body wall
• System will also work for animals that are flat
  and have a large surface area (e.g. flatworms)

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• Across the body wall
• Larger animals (leeches and worms) have a blood
  system to help

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• Gills
• Position and shape of gills may vary but all have
  the following features
• i) large surface area
• ii) thin walls
• iii) blood system

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• Gills
• All the following animals have gills
• Mayfly nymph
• Shrimps
• Caddis fly larvae
• Damselfly nymphs

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• 3) Schnorkles
• Insects that live on land breath through holes in
  each body segment called spiracles.
• In some aquatic insects the spiracles in their
  last body segment have become adapted to form a
  long tail which reaches to the surface and enable
  the animal to breath air

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• 3) Schnorkles
• E.g. mosquito larvae, water scorpion, rat-tail
  maggots
• Because the take oxygen from the air, they are
  not affected by low level oxygen levels in the
  water and are often found in stagnant and
  polluted waters

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• 4) Scuba divers
• Beetles, water boatman and water spiders have
  hairy bodies which collect air bubbles from the
  surface

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• 5) Presence of haemoglobin
• Non-biting midge larvae live in the bottom muddy
  sediments with little oxygen they are bright
  red because they contain haemoglobin.

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Adaptations in invertebrates to obtaining oxygen
from water

• 5) Presence of haemoglobin
• Often called bloodworms they can thrive in
  polluted waters where other animals can not
  survive.