OUTLINE 17

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OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1.
Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion B. Causes
of Mutation C. Consequences of Mutation 1.
Beneficial 2. Neutral 3. Deleterious 4.
Lethal 5. Heritable D. Frequency of
Mutations E. Examples F. Chromosomal
abnormalities 1. Chromosome breakage 2.
Aneuploidy and non-disjunction
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Predator absent
Predator present
Phenotypic plasticity in Daphnia
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Crayfish predator
Sunfish predator
Snail prey
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A full sib raised with crayfish
A snail raised with fish
Phenotypic plasticity in shell morphology in
Physis
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Phenotypic plasticity in leaf morphology in Viola
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The genetic code
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Consequences of a frame shift mutation
THE BIG CAT ATE THE RED EGG THB IGC ATA TET HER
EDE GG.
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PKU disease - an autosomal recessive trait
X
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Albinism
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Sickle cell
Normal red blood cell
Sickle cell anemia an autosomal co-dominant
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Fig. 15.11 Non-disjunction leading to aneuploid
gametes
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Turners syndrome XO
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Klinefelters syndrome XXY
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XYY Male
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Cri du chat
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Fig 14.14 Use of pedigree analysis
ff
Ff
ff
Ff
ff
ff
Ff
attached
ff
Ff OR FF
Attached earlobe
Free earlobe
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Sex chromatin Barr body
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