The Congress Of Vienna

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The Congress Of Vienna

• June 9, 1815

2

• March 10, 1814Great Britain, Austria, Russia,
  and Prussia
• Treaty of Chaumont
• April 1814 Napoleon was defeated
• May 30, 1814 First Peace of Paris
• Bourbon monarchy restored (Louis XVIII)
• Congress of Vienna to decide the fate of
  recovered territories.
• Key decisions made by England, Austria, Prussia
  and Russia.
• Other countries were included for minor decisions.

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Key Players

• Metternich, Austrian Minister of Foreign Affairs
• Castlereagh, Viscount, Foreign Secretary of Great
  Britain
• Alexander I, Tsar of Russia
• Karl August von Hardenberg, Prince, Chancellor of
  Prussia
• Talleyrand, French Minister of Foreign Affairs
• The Congress wanted to prove that they were not
  making war against France, but against Napoleon

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• October 1, 1814 Congress opened.
• The early months were overshadowed with serious
  disputes among the Allies.
• They were all concerned with creating a balance
  of power.
• Tallyrand was a powerful player and helped the
  Allies to compromise.
• His diplomacy earned France a greater role at the
  Congress than it had before until Napoleon
  returned to power in March 1815.

5

• June 9, 1815 Despite renewing the fight against
  Napoleon the Allies and lesser powers met to sign
  the Final Act of the Congress of Vienna.
• Legitimacy
• Restoration of dynasties deposed during the
  Napoleonic period.
• Bourbons France, Spain, Kingdom of Two Sicilies.
• House of Orange Holland
• Security
• States adjacent to France were enlarged
• Compensation
• Russia got Finland from Sweden
• Sweden got Denmark
• Great Britain got Malta, Ceylon, the Cape of Good
  Hope colony, and Dutch Guiana (among other
  territories).
• Austria got Salzburg Tyrol, the Italian lands
  of Lombardy, Venetia, and districts along the
  Dalmatian coast.
• Holland got the southern Netherlands from Austria.

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Europe after 1815 Congress of Vienna
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• Other
• Old Holy Roman Empire ended in 1806.
• Confederation of 39 states under presidency of
  Austria created.
• Germany stays dis-unified with Austria as big
  brother until late into the 19th century.
• Vienna Settlement restored the conservative order
  to Europe.
• Austria, Great Britain, Russia, and Prussia
  formed the Quadruple Alliance later in 1815 to
  preserve this.
• France joined in 1818.
• They met several times between 1818-1822 to deal
  with liberalist-nationalist challenges in Greece,
  Spain, and the Italies.