A PATH TO A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

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A PATH TO A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

• Larry Eisenberg
• Executive Director, Facilities Planning and
  Development
• Los Angeles Community College District

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World Fastest Growing City
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Environmental Impact of Buildings in the USPer
USGBC 2007
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Environmental Impact of Buildings in the U.S

• 65 of waste in the U.S. (approx. 2.8
  lbs/person/day)
• 40 (three billion tons annually) of raw
  materials used globally

Statistics per USGBC (2007)
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Shanghai
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ENERGY STRATEGY
Superblocks

• At current growth rates,
• the built area of China will
• double within 25 years.
• China is efficient at building
• Housing on a mass scale to
• meet this rate of growth 11
• Million new SuperBlock
• Housing units are built each
• year. But this rate of
• growth and construction creates
• other problems.
• There is a massive demand
• for new infrastructure.

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The mass-replicated SuperBlocks place significant
demands on Chinas infrastructure
potable water
sewage
landfill
power plant
SuperBlock
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SuperBlocks could be self-sufficient with
respect to energy, water and waste, demand on
Chinas infrastructure and natural resources
could be significantly reduced
energy
water
waste
EcoBlock
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A model for sustainable development that can be
replicated across China instead of the
SuperBlocks is required in order to
Reduce pressure on infrastructure Reduce
environmental degradation
The EcoBlock is this model
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Qingdao EcoBlock

• EcoBlock
• 600 units per EcoBlock
• Eco-block 3.5 hectares
• 1,800 residents per EcoBlock
• 171 units per hectare
• Qingdao Prototype Site
• EcoBlock replicated 8 times
• 5,100 units at the Qingdao site
• Increased density near transit

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• EcoBlock Goals
• Mass replicable
• Economically viable
• Resource self-sufficient water, waste, energy
• 100 wastewater recycled on site
• 75 reduced potable water demand
• 100 on-site renewable energy generation
• Encourage journeys by foot, bicycle and transit
• 40 to 60 site area to be green space

EcoBlock

whole systems thinking
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Qingdao EcoBlock
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Climate Change and Global Warming Civic-Markets
and Public-Private Partnerships Setting Goals
for conservation and renewable energy generation
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Peak Oil and Gas by 2020
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Is Nuclear Power Decisively Effective for Clean
Sustainable Energy?
A Life of Resources
B Life of Power Station
Several Tens Years Use Only One Generation
Life 3040 years
Life 3040 years
Life Extension
Renewal
Life Extension
Renewal
Necessary to Construct Too Many Power Stations
Criteria on Degradation
Judgment? Rehabilitation is OK?
Back-End
Back-End
Watch Wastes for 100 Years 10
Thousand- year-Stock in Underground Tunnel
Need to Shift Energy-Resources from Fossil or
Uranium to New Energy before Catastrophe
Occurs!
Uranium Around 60 Years (below one
century) Transient Resource
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Renewable Energy Resources in USA
SOLAR ENERGY
WIND POWER
GEOTHERMAL
BIOMASS
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Sun never sets

• Enough solar energy reaches the Earth in just one
  day to power the entire world for one year
• A 100 square mile solar array in the Mojave
  Desert would meet the entire energy demand of the
  US
• Energy Storage is the key

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Solar / Photovoltaic Project Sample
PortfolioCarport/Shade structure Projects

• Dual Benefit Shade Electricity
• Interest high with public agency customers who
  have concerns with rooftop systems
• Highly visible public statement
• Innovative designs possible
• Costlier than rooftop systems due to additional
  cost of steel support structures

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Stirling Engine Solar FarmBarstow, California
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Wind PowerCoachella Valley
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UK Wind and Ocean TurbinesThe Case of Scotland
(April 05)
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Windfall Clean Energy
Satisfying the worlds need for electric energy
without pollution
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Windfall Clean Energy

• Each layer of thousands of wings successively
  become larger in diameter which aims the system
  directly at the wind, and enhances the
  performance of each ring by providing laminar
  wind at the edges.

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Windfall Clean Energy

• Thousands of light weight and extremely strong
  steel cables efficiently support thousands of
  wings while securing the outer ring at extreme
  wind speeds while the spokes transfer huge torque.

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Windfall Clean Energy
MW 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Our Jet Turbine Ring with Enclosed Blades has No
Wind Speed Limit
Our Jet Turbine Ring Works at Much Lower Wind
Speeds
Conventional Propeller Feathering Speed Limits
Power Production
0 1 5 10 15 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 120 140
160 180 200 220 240 MPH
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Ground Source Geo-Thermal
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Ground Source Geo-Thermal
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A Water Planet

• ¾ of the Earth is covered by water
• Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen

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Fuel Cell Power

• A fuel cell is a device that generates
  electricity by a chemical reaction

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Technological Advances in European UnionThe
case of hydrogen and fuel cells (2003 - today)
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Renewable Energy in Italy (Solar and
Hydrogen)The Case of Winter Olypmics (2006)

• The main stationary hydrogen plant using natural
  gas and solar power was built in Cesana Torinese,
  a little town on the Alps near Turin.
• The location, which used to be a holiday camp for
  the children of Italsider employees, is part of
  the modern architectural heritage of the
  Piedmont. Region.
• The building housed athletes competing in the
  Winter Olympics at Cesana Torinese. After the
  Olympics the building become a hotel.
• The plant provides clean / green energy to
  certain parts of the building.

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Transition to Commercial Green Technologies
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Honda Green Hydrogen Fueling Station Torrance, CA
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ICEL
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VRB Flow Battery Technology
A liquid electrolyte that is separate from the
electrode.

• Description
• Electrochemical energy storage system
• Reversible fuel cell reduction and oxidation of
  single element Vanadium
• Instantaneous (lt1ms) energy recovery
• Standard 5kW and 50kW building blocks
• Remote control and monitoring, including
  real-time State of Charge (SOC) feedback

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VRB-ESS on King Island Islanded Wind Integration

• Situation Islanded wind/diesel system
• Four existing 1,500-kW diesel engine generators
  (6MW)
• Three existing 250-kW wind turbines (750kW)
• Problem Added two 850-kW wind turbines (1.7MW)
• Excellent wind regime, but did not coincide with
  islands electrical load
• Ratio of wind diesel capacity increased from
  12.5 to 40
• System imbalance cleaner, most cost effective
  resource was needed to stabilize the grid, reduce
  spinning reserve, capture spilled wind
• Solution Installed 200 kW 4 hour (or 400kW for
  10 sec or 300kW for 5 min) VRB-ESS. VRB ESS
  captures spilled wind and discharges during the
  day in load-following mode.

VRB Power Systems Inc.
Energy Storage Power Quality Solutions
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King Island Project Benefits

• Reduces emissions
• 4,000,000 kg/year CO2
• 99,000 kg/year NOx
• 75,000 kg/year unburned hydrocarbons
• Capture spilled wind - 51,200/y
• Reduce spinning reserve - 91,500/y
• Improve operating efficiency - 83,200/y
• Reduce maintenance - 23,000/y
• Net annual savings 248,900/y, 3.5 year payback

(projected, pending verification)
VRB Power Systems Inc.
Energy Storage Power Quality Solutions
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Inside the Flow Battery Installation at King
Island
VRB Power Systems Inc.
Energy Storage Power Quality Solutions
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6 MW VRB-ESS Tomamae Wind Farm,
JapanGrid-Connected Wind Farm Output Smoothing
VRB Power Systems Inc.
Energy Storage Power Quality Solutions
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Water - Pumped Storage
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Agile Energy Infrastructures Central grid and
On-site generation
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Energy Atmosphere

• Central Plants
• Efficient / Sustainable
• Performance Contracts
• Lights, Motors, Fans, Occupancy Sensors, etc
• 3rd Party Funded
• Photovoltaic Installation
• Megawatts per college

Los Angeles Valley Colleges Maintenance and
Operations Buildings rooftop PVC farm.
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Vacuum Tube Heat-pipe Collectors
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East LA College CampusCentral Plant and Solar/PV
1.2 MW Location/Utility Routing
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Energy Atmosphere

• Electric Fleet
• All Vehicles Electric Powered
• Recharge from solar cell
• installation
• Bottom Line Cost Savings Environmental Benefit

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Materials Resources

• Centralized Furniture Procurement
• 100 Recyclable Material
• End of Life Return
• No Chrome
• 15 year fully unlimited warranty
• Design, Delivery, Installation
• Below Market Prices
• Piggybackable
• Planned 100 million, Actual 60 million

Conference room furniture available at LACCDs
Furniture Procurement Showroom.
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Materials Resources

• Sustainable Carpet
• 30 year warranty
• 100 recycled backing
• 40 recycled yarn content
• 100 recyclable
• Wide range of color / pattern choice
• Piggybackable
• Less than 15 per yard

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Innovation Design

• Sustainable Maintenance - Coatings
• Anti-Graffiti Sealer
• Paint washes off
• Helps building weathering
• Green Horizons TiO2
• Spray on windows
• Titanium Dioxide creates hydroxyl radicals (OH-)
  from sunlight
• No need to clean windows !Bottom Line Cost
  Savings / Productivity

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Photo-Luminescent Signs
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Water Efficiency

• Low Flow Irrigation Need based
• No Irrigation Native Plants
• Waterless Urinals
• Cistern Water Capture
• Gray Water SystemsBottom Line Cost Savings on
  Water and Environmental Benefit

Pierce Colleges Botanic Garden contains both
native and drought tolerant plants to reduce
water dependency.
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Native Species
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Energy Atmosphere

• Photovoltaic 3rd Party Math
• Fed. Energy Credit 30
• Rapid Depreciation 25
• Utility Incentives 20
• Green Tag Sale 5 (?)
• Bulk Procurement 10
• 10 Cents on the Dollar !!!

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World Carbon Trading Market
China next?
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Energy and Atmosphere

• Power Purchase Agreement
• Buy the electricity from the solar cells over 25
  years
• Cost per solar kw 13 cents
• Cost per Edison kw 21 cents
• Buy out with future capital, and have no energy
  bill
• Bottom Line Immediate and Long Term Budget
  Saving and MajorEnvironmental Benefit

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Demand ManagementPerformance Contracts

• Retrofit all energy consuming elements for
  maximum efficiency
• Install conservation features in all buildings
• Lights, Fans, Motors, Insulation, Low-E Glass,
• State of the art and new technologies
• Performance Contract Arithmetic
• Energy Bill Before - 1,000,000
• Energy Bill After - 800,000
• Difference 200,000
• Difference Pays the Retrofit Investment Off over
  time

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Off The Grid !!

• Use current and future capital bond funds
• Buy Out
• Central Plant Loans
• Performance Contracts
• Photovoltaic / Wind / Storage Installation
• No Future Energy Cost !

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Thank YouContact Information

• Larry Eisenberg
• LACCD Facilities Planning Development
• Eisenblh_at_laccd.edu
• 213-891-2366