Prof' Daewon Byun,

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Global, Regional, Urban, and Neighborhood Scale
Atmospheric modeling meteorology, emissions,
and air quality
Prof. Daewon Byun, IMAQS, University of Houston
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University of Houston IMAQS Global/Regional/Urban/
Neighborhood Scale Atmospheric Modeling
Analysis Tools
GEOS-CHEM
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Multiscale Modeling for Regional Haze Study
Global to Regional Linkage
Linking CMAQ with GEOS-CHEM
Daewon Byun, N.K. Moon, H.J. In, S.T.
Kim Institute for Multidimensional Air Quality
Studies (IMAQS) University of Houston
Prof. D. Jacob, Dr. R.K. Park Harvard University
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Regional Air Quality Model requires
prescription of IC/BCs

• - Current usage mostly rely on climatological
  fixed profiles
• - Could be different at each sides of domain
  reflecting certain regional differences
• - Works best when outside the boundaries of the
  domain does not have much direct emissions and no
  high concentration blobs already existing
• - Need to study sensitivity of the model
  simulations to the different IC/BCs
• - In reality fixed profiles are never accurate

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Linkage between GEOS-CHEM and CMAQ
IC/BC Process
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Example result of initial condition for O3 after
GEOS2CMAQ Interface
GEOS-CHEM 2O X 2.5O resolution
CMAQ-108km resolution
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Example result of initial condition for CO after
GEOS2CMAQ Interface
GEOS-CHEM 2O X 2.5O resolution
CMAQ-108km resolution
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(EPA, 2001)
Matching GEOS-CHEM and CMAQ chemistry mechanism
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CMAQ simulation for an episode of trans-boundary
transport of particles1998 May
GEOS-8 Visible IMAGE 98/05/04
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3D Satellite Data of the C. American Smoke (from
Prof. Rudy Husar, WSU)
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Smoke from biomass burning


Satellite picture shows smoke from Mexican
forest fire affecting Texas air quality on May
.

18, 1998
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Forward trajectories of particles starting 07 May
1998
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CMAQ EC concentration using Geos-chem BC
TOMS Aerosol Index
May 13 1998
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May 14 1998
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CMAQ EC concentration using Geos-chem BC
TOMS Aerosol Index
May 15 1998
May 16 1998
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IMPROVE Sites
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Simulated / Observed EC concentration
IMPROVE monitoring sites
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
Big Bend Natl Park
May 1998
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Elemental Carbon
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Elemental Carbon
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Elemental Carbon
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Scatter diagram of monthly mean Elemental
Carbon over 44 improve sites
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Simulated / Observed OC concentration
IMPROVE monitoring sites
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
Big Bend Natl Park
May 1998
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Scatter diagram of monthly mean Organic
Carbon over 44 improve sites
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Aerosol extinction coefficient
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Summary

• Global and regional scale models (GEOS-CHEM and
  CMAQ) successfully linked
• Demonstration for May 1998 trans-boundary flux
  episode
• CMAQ w/ GEOS-CHEM IC/BC results show obvious
  benefits
• EC OC are critical for CENRAP regional haze
  study
• EC is very important in determining extinction
  coefficient
• Humidity effects on visibility for sulfates and
  nitrates are important
• OC also contributes to regional haze
  substantially

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Issues of linking GEOSCHEM and CMAQ

• Possible inconsistencies between the global and
  regional scale dynamics
• - inflow conditions at the boundary
• - differences in the evolution of dynamics with
  time
• Remedy (TBD soon)
• - Run regional scale model with global scale
  output as input for initialization and analysis
  nudging

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Regional and Urban Scale Air Quality Forecasting
System
Prototype Development for CONUS, Gulf Coat
States, and Houston Galveston Metropolitan Areas
Daewon Byun, H.J. In, Y.P. Li, S.T. Kim, S.B.
Kim, F. Ngan Institute for Multidimensional Air
Quality Studies (IMAQS) University of Houston
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Simulation domain
1
2
3
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Tools

• Data Spider helps to automatically obtain and
  store text
• or image data available on the Internet.
  Currently, it supports
• the data transfer protocols such as FTP,
  Http-Get, Http-Post, and simple URLs.

Met. Data Collection
Data
Data
Parameter Value
Auxiliary
Specifications
Parameter Value
Auxiliary
Specifications
List Files
Tools
in XML
List Files
Tools
in XML
FTP, and HTTP
FTP, and HTTP
Raw Data
Raw Data
(GET, POST)
(GET, POST)
DataSpider
in Disk
Resources through
DataSpider
in Disk
Resources through
the Internet
(
Perl
Scripts)
the Internet
(
Perl
Scripts)
SpiderWaiter
SpiderWaiter
Data in Plain Text
Data in Plain Text
or
Bindary
or
Bindary
Archived Format
Archived Format

• aqf.pl automatic flow control and job scheduling
• Combining these two tools can serve many purposes

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• Air Quality Forecasting for Houston-Galveston Area

Input data NOAA/EDAS Local Met. Observations
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Automatized control Flow Schedule
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Prototype Air Quality Forecasting for HGA

• Daily forecasting expected to start in February,
  2004
• MM5/NOAH with modified parameters
• Will collaborate with TAMU (Prof.
  Nielsen-Gammon)
• on meteorological characterization
• SMOKE emissions processing with TCEQ 2000 EI
• CMAQ
• O3 and Particulates
• Web presentation tools will be evolving

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Urban and Neighborhood Scale Meteorological,
Emissions, and Multi-pollutant Air Quality
Modeling
Database development O3, Particulate, Air
Toxics Modeling tool development Linkage with
health effects study
Daewon Byun, F.Y. Cheng, S.T. Kim, B. Czader, V.
Coarfa, T. Banga Institute for Multidimensional
Air Quality Studies (IMAQS) University of Houston
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Land use/Land cover effects on urban meteorology
HARC funding, Texas Forest Service, TCEQ

• ObjectivesStudy of the effects of land use and
  land cover modification on the urban heat island
  development and on the air quality in the
  Houston-Galveston metropolitan area.
• Methods
• Conduct meteorological, emissions, and air
  quality sensitivity modeling
• Improve meteorological simulations by applying
  better physics
• Incorporate most up-to-dated detailed land use
  and land cover data

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dominant landuse data used in MM5
Urban 10 sites Rural 18 sites
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2-m temperature
UH_modify modify thermal conductivity in
urban adding canopy moisture into urban
modify emissivity in urban modify emissivity in
rural
Urban CAMS site average
Rural CAMS site average
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Scattered diagram of 2-m temperature the urban
sites
UH_modify modify thermal conductivity in
urban adding canopy moisture into urban
modify emissivity in urban modify emissivity in
rural
A consistent low bias in the urban sites
especially in s404 (in the boundary of urban and
rural area) and s100 (close to coast area).
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Scattered diagram of 2-m temperature the rural
sites
UH_modify modify thermal conductivity in
urban adding canopy moisture into urban
modify emissivity in urban modify emissivity in
rural
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Land use database- TCEQ Biogenic
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Land use database- TCEQ Biogenic
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• Base Land Use and Land Cover Database

From Stephen Stetson Texas Forest Service
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Land use database- Forest Services
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Land use database- Forest Services
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• Air Pollutant Precursor Emissions Characterization

Houston-Galveston
Non-attainment area due to high ground-level
ozone concentrations
Several air quality modeling studies
CMAQ, CAMx and etc.
Available Emissions Inventories
National - NET96, NEI99 from U.S. EPA
State - Texas Emissions Inventory from
TCEQ (Texas Commission on
Environmental Quality)
Emissions processing systems
SMOKE - NET96, NEI99
EPS2 - Texas Emission Inventory (TEI)
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• Air Pollutant Precursor Emissions Characterization

Corporation With HGAC
(g/km/hr)
Houston road network link data showing NOx
emissions
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• Air Pollutant Precursor Emissions Characterization

Corporation With HGAC
CO
(g/km/hr)
Houston road network link data showing CO
emissions
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Alkene Emissions From Point Sources
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• Air Toxics Emissions and Concentrations

Emissions
Toxics concentrations
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• Study fine scale meteorological and air quality
  modeling

From Steven Burian
Houston ShipChannel
Houston Downtown
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TNRIS DOQ (1m) Showing UofH Area
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Ship Channel LIDAR data (5 m) w/o DEM
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Houston Downtown
LIDAR data (1 m) w/ DEM
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Houston Downtown
LIDAR data (5 m) w/ shapefiles
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Houston Baytown
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Houston Baytown
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Houston Baytown ExxonMobil Facility
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Houston Baytown
LIDAR data (1 m) w/ shapefiles
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Use of Land use/Land cover and LIDAR building data
urban and neighborhood scale Meteorological
Simulation (urban model) Emissions Processing
(new LU/LC data) Air quality modeling Computatio
nal flow modeling at fine scale