Title: Department of Defense Design Criteria Standard
1Department of DefenseDesign Criteria Standard
- Human Engineering
- MIL-STD-1472F
2Scope of the Military Standard
To establish general human engineering criteria
for design and development of military systems,
equipment and facilities.
3The purpose of presenting human engineering
design criteria is to
- Achieve required performance by operator, control
and maintenance personnel. - Minimize skill and personnel requirements and
training time. - Achieve required reliability of
personnel-equipment combinations. - Foster design standardization within and among
systems.
4- Human engineering development specialists will
still be required to interpret and implement the
criteria and they will also need to provide
solutions to problems not covered in the Standard.
5Application
- The design of all systems, subsystems, equipment
and facilities - Except where provisions relating to aircraft
design conflict with crew system design
requirements or guidelines of JSSG-2010. - The standard is NOT meant to limit the selection
of hardware, materials or processes. - Standard applies to both men and women.
6Force Limits
- If an item is already in use and there is a
discrepancy between the force limits of the
standard and the physical qualifications
requirements of the occupational specialty, the
latter will have final say. - The least stringent physical qualification
requirement of all specialtieswill be used as a
maximum design force limit.
7Manufacturing Tolerances
- When manufacturing tolerances are not
perceptible o the user, this standard will not be
construed as preventing the use of components
whose dimensions are within a normal
manufacturing upper or lower limit tolerance of
the dimensions specified herein.
8Also considered part of the MIL-STD-1472F
- Specifications
- -Markings for Aircrew Station Displays, Design
and Configuration of - (MIL-M-18012).
- -Colors, aeronautical Lights and Lighting
Equipment, general Specification for - (MIL-C-25050).
- Standards
- -Colors (FED-STD-595).
- -Noise Limits (MIL-STD-1474)
- Handbooks
- -General Guidelines for Electronic Equipment
(MIL-HDBK-454). - -Anthropometry of US Military Personnel
(DOD-HDBK-743). - -Human Factors Engineering Design for Army
Material (MIL-HDBK-759). - -Color and Marking of Army Material
(MIL-HDBK-1473 - -Definitions of Human Factors Terms
(MIL-HDBK-1908).
9More government documents that considered part of
the MIL-STD-1472F
- -Occupational Safety and Health Schedule (29 CFR
1910) - -DoD Joint Technical Architecture (JTA 2.0)
Non-government agencies for documents
-American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH). -American National Standards
Institute ANSI). -American Society for Testing
and Materials (ASTM). -Human Factors and
Ergonomics Society (HFES) -Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE). -International Organization for
standardization (ISO). -Society of Automotive
Engineers (SAE).
10Definitions
- Unless otherwise specified, terms are defined in
accordance with MIL-HDBK-1908.
11General Requirements
- Objectives
- Standardization
- Function allocation
- Human Engineering Design
- Fail Safe Design
- Simplicity of design
- Interaction
- Safety
- Ruggedness
12General Requirements, continued
- Design for NBC Survivability.
- Design for Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Hardening.
- Automation
- Functional Use of Color
- Design of Aircrew Systems
13Detailed Requirements
- 5.1 Control/Display integration
- 5.2 Visual Displays
- 5.3 Audio Displays
- 5.4 Controls
- 5.5 Labeling
- 5.6 Physical Accommodation
- 5.7 Workspace design
- 5.8 Environment
14Detailed Requirements, continued
- 5.9 Design for Maintainer
- 5.10 Design of Equipment for Remote Handling
- 5.11 Small Systems and Equipment
- 5.12 Operational and Maintenance
- Ground/Shipboard vehicles.
- 5.13 Hazards and Safety
- 5.14 User Computer Interface
- 5.15 Visual Display Terminals
155.1 Control/Display Integration
- General Criteria
- Relationship
- Design
- Complexity and precision
- Feedback
- Illumination
- Position relationships
- Functional Grouping
- Functional Group Relationships
- Sequence
- Access
- Functional Group marking
- Consistency
- Display Commonality
16- Position relationships (continued)
- Location and Arrangement
- Arrangement within Groups
- Left to Right Arrangement
- Vertical and Horizontal Arrays
- Simultaneous Use
- Multiple Displays
- Combined Control
- Separated Controls and Displays
- Component Groups
- Emergency Use
- Correspondence with Equipment Arrangement
17- Lack of Ambiguity
- Display Response Time
- Moving-Pointer Circular Scales
- Moving-Pointer Linear Scales
- Fixed Pointer Circular Scales
- Fixed-Pointer Linear Scales
- Digital Displays
- Direct Linkage
- Common Plane
- Parallel Movement
- Labeling
- Movement Direction
- Arrays of Indicator Lights
18 Control/Display Movement Ratio
- Minimization of Time
- Range of Display Movement
- Knob, Course Setting
- Bracketing
- Lever, Course Setting
- Lever, Two-Dimensional Setting
- Counter Control/Display Ratio
- Visual Display Terminals
- Signal Precedence
- Each of the following signals shall take
precedence over those below them
- Emergency Action
- Critical Warning
- Warning
- Caution
- Informational Signal
195.2 Visual Displays
- General
- Warning Caution
- Use
- Characteristics
- Signal Integration
- Priority Coding
- Text Height
- Co-Location
- Additional Warnings
205.2 Visual Displays
- General continued
- Display illumination and light distribution
- Display Illumination
- Light Distribution
- Contrast
- Information
- Content
- Precision
- Format
- Redundancy
- Combining Operator/Maintainer Information
- Display Failure Accuracy
- Display Subsystem Failure
- Unrelated Markings
- Duration
- Timeliness
- Advisory and Alerting
- NBC Contamination
- Numeric Digital Displays
- Units
215.2 Visual Displays
- General continued
- Location and Arrangement
- Location
- Access
- Orientation
- Reflection
- Vibration
- Grouping
- Function and Sequence
- Frequency of Use
- Importance
- Consistency
- Maximum Viewing Distance
- Minimum Viewing Distance
- Maintenance displays
- Aircrew Station Signals
225.2 Visual Displays
- General continued
- Coding
- Objectives
- Techniques
- Standardization
- Aircrew Display Symbology
- Flash Coding
- Color Coding
- Electronic Displays
- Viewing Distance
- Luminance Considerations
- Geometric Stability
- Character/Signal Characteristics
- Mechanical Display Representations
- Use with Individual Protective Equipment
-
235.2 Visual Displays
- Transilluminated Displays
- General
- Use
- Equipment Response
- Information
- Positive Feedback
- Grouping
- Location
- Location, Critical Functions
- Luminance
- Luminance Control
- False Indication or Obscuration
- Contrast within the Indicator
- Transilluminated Displays
- Color Coding
245.2 Visual Displays
- Transilluminated Displays
- Legend Lights
- Use
- Color Coding
- Positive vs. Negative Legend
- Lettering
- Visibility and Legibility
- Multifunction Legends
- Simple Indicator Lights
- Use
- Spacing
- Coding
- Transilluminate Panel Assemblies
- Use
- Large, Single Pictorial Graphic Panels
- Relamping
- Brightness
255.2 Visual Displays
- Scale Indicators
- General
- Types of Scale Indicators
- Use
- Type of Information
- Linear Scales
- Scale Markings
- Numerals
- Pointer
- Luminance Contrast
- Calibration Information
- Coding
265.2 Visual Displays
- Scale Indicators (continued)
- Moving-Pointer, Fixed Scale Displays
- Numerical Progression
- Orientation
- Circular Scales
- Curved (arc), Horizontal Straight, and Vertical
Straight - Fixed-Pointer, Moving Scale Displays
- Numerical Progression
- Orientation
- Alignment of Pointer or Fixed Reference Line
- Setting
- Tracking
- Moving Tape Displays
- Composite Scalar/Pictorial Displays
275.2 Visual Displays
- Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Displays
- Use
- Luminance and Contrast
- Luminance
- Contrast
- Luminance range of Adjacent Surfaces
- Ambient Luminance
- Image polarity
- Geometric Distortion
- Chromatic Misregistration
- Preventing Flicker
- Installation
285.2 Visual Displays
- Large Screen Displays
- General
- Use
- Avoidance
- Viewing Distance
- Physical Interruption of View
- Control of Displayed Information
- Content of Displayed Information
- Direct View
- Character Height
- Character Width
- Luminance Contrast
- Polarity
- Background for Colored Objects
- Dot Matrix Size
295.2 Visual Displays
- Large Screen Displays (continued)
- Optical Projection
- Use
- Seating Area
- Image Luminance and Light Distribution
- Legibility of Projected Data
305.2 Visual Displays
- Other Displays
- General
- Counters
- Printers
- Plotters and Recorders
- Flags
- Dot Matrix /Segmented Displays
- Electroluminescent Displays
- Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD)
- Representational Displays
- Stereoscopic Displays
- Head Up Displays (HUDs)
- Helmet Mounted Displays
315.3 Audio Displays
- General
- Use
- Signal Type
- Signal Meaning
- Apparent Urgency
- Use with Several Visual Displays
- Speech supplements
- Silent Operators at night
- Manual Overrides
- Reliability
- Aircrew Stations
325.3 Audio Displays
- Audio Warnings
- Warning Signals
- Nature of Signals
- Caution Signals
- Relation to Visual Displays
- Characteristics of Audio Warning Signals
- Frequency
- Range
- Electric Power Frequency Avoidance
- Intensity
- Compatibility with Acoustical Environment
- Compatibility with Clothing and Equipment
- Discomfort
335.3 Audio Displays
- Signal Characteristics in Relation to Operational
Conditions and Objectives - Audibility
- Alerting capability
- Discriminability
- Compatibility
- Masking
- Verbal Warning Signals
- Nature of Signals
- Intensity
- Vocal Criteria
- Speech processing
- Message Content
- Critical Warnings and Priorities
345.3 Audio Displays
- Controls for Audio Warning Devices
- Automatic or Manual Shut-off
- Automatic Reset
- Redundant Visual Warning
- Volume Control
- Duration
- Duration Limitations
- Speech Transmission Equipment
- Frequency
- Dynamic Range
- High-Pass Filtering
- Pre-Emphasis
- Peak-Clipping of Speech Signals
- Noise Shields
- Automatic Loudness Control
- Binaural Asynchronous Delay
- Speaker/Side Tone
355.3 Audio Displays
- Speech Reception Equipment
- Frequency Range
- Loudspeakers for Multi-Channel Monitoring
- Use of De-emphasis
- Headsets
- Earphone/Speaker-to-Microphone Feedback Isolation
- Public Address Systems
- Operator Comfort and Convenience
- Comfort
- Hands-Free Operation
- Accessibility of Handsets
- Operating Controls for Communication Equipment
- Volume Controls
- Squelch Control
- Foot-Operated Controls
365.3 Audio Displays
- Telephone Systems
- Conventional Telephone Systems
- Sound-Powered Telephones
- 3D Audio Displays
- Use
- Presentation Format
- Angular Separation
- Binaural vs. Monaural
- Speech Displays
- Use
- Output Rate
- Digitized Speech
- Message Priority Control
- Instructional Display Structure
- Message Cancel Capability
- Repeat Capability
375.3 Audio Displays
- Speech Intelligibility
- General
- Criteria
385.4 Controls
- General Criteria
- Selection
- Direction of Movement
- Arrangement and Grouping
- Coding
- Labeling of Controls
- Compatibility with Handwear
- Blind Operation
- Prevention of Accidental Actuation
- Hazardous Operations
395.4 Controls
- Rotary Controls
- Discrete Adjustment Rotary Controls
- Rotary Selector Switches
- Key Operated Switches
- Discrete Thumbwheel Controls
- Continuous Adjustment Rotary Controls
- Knobs
- Ganged Control Knobs
- Continuous Adjustment Thumbwheel Controls
- Cranks
- Handwheels (two-hand operated)
405.4 Controls
- Linear Controls
- Discrete Linear Controls
- Push Buttons (finger or hand operated)
- Foot-Operated Switches
- Keyboards
- Toggle Switch Controls
- Legend Switches
- Rocker Switches
- Slide Switch Controls
- Discrete Push-Pull Controls
- Printed Circuit (PC) Controls
415.4 Controls
- Linear Controls (continued)
- Continuous Adjustment Linear Controls
- Levers
- Displacement (Isotonic) Joysticks
- Isometric Joystick (two axis controllers)
- Ball Control
- Grid-and Stylus-Devices
- Mouse (free-moving XY controller)
- Pucks
- Pedals
425.4 Controls
- High Force Controls
- Use
- Arm, Hand, and Thumb-Finger Controls
- Foot Controls
- Miniature Controls
- Use
- Dimensions, Resistance, Displacement and
Separation - Other Requirements
435.4 Controls
- Touch-Screen Controls for Displays
- Use
- Luminance Transmission
- Positive Indication
- System Display Response Time (Latency)
- Impact on Visual Display
- Critical Tasks
- Repeat Delay
- Target Shape and Color
445.4 Controls
- Speech Recognition
- Use
- General
- Input Vocabulary
- Interword Delays
- Prompting
- Correction Capability
- Alternative Input Device
455.4 Controls
- Eye- and Head-Based Controls
- Use
- Vibration
- Precision
- Dwell Times
- Response Times
- J-Handles