Shoulder Anatomy

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Shoulder Anatomy

• Spring High School
• Sports Medicine

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The Shoulder Joint

• The shoulder joint is..
• A multi-directional joint.
• A joint with a large ROM.
• Not the most stable joint in the body.

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Bones of the Shoulder

• Scapula
• Clavicle
• Humerus

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SCAPULA
Scapula
A common name for the scapula?
POSTERIOR VIEW
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SCAPULA
POSTERIOR VIEW
Where is the scapular spine? medial
border? lateral border? acromion
process? glenoid fossa?
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CLAVICLE
ANTERIOR VIEW
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CLAVICLE
ANTERIOR VIEW The anatomical term for lateral
clavicle is
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HUMERUS
HEAD OF HUMERUS Proximal end
SHAFT Midsection
EPICONDYLE(S) Distal End
Another name for the humerus?
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Other Bones
STERNUM Common Name?
RIBCAGE 12 pairs of ribs 5 True 5 False 2
Floating
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SHOULDER BONE QUIZ
Which bone (s) articulate with the scapula?
True/False? The clavicle and the sternum meet.
Name all the bones that touch the clavicle.
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Shoulder Joints

• Glenohumeral joint (G-H joint)
• Acromioclavicular joint (A-C joint)
• Scapulothoracic joint
• Sternoclavicular joint (S-C joint)

Between what bones?
Between what bones?
Between what bones?
Between what bones?
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Glenohumeral Joint

• Where the humerus meets the glenoid cavity of the
  scapula
• Not much actual contact between those bones
• Not very stable for a bony joint

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Sternoclavicular Joint
S-C joint
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Find all the Joints
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Shoulder Movements

• Glenohumeral Joint
• FLEXION
• EXTENSION
• ADDUCTION
• ABDUCTION
• INTERNAL ROTATION
• EXTERNAL ROTATION

• Scapular Movements
• PROTRACTION
• RETRACTION
• DEPRESSION
• ELEVATION

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Shoulder Movements

• Flexion
• And
• Extension

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Shoulder Movements
Extension

• Flexion

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Shoulder Movements

• Abduction
• And
• Adduction

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Shoulder Movements

• Abduction

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Shoulder Movements
Adduction
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Shoulder Movements
Shoulder Adduction At 900

• Internal Rotation
• And
• External Rotation

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Shoulder Movements

• Internal Rotation
• And
• External Rotation

Shoulder Adduction At 00 (zero)
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Shoulder Movements

• Internal Rotation

External Rotation
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Shoulder Movements

• Scapular Elevation
• Scapular Depression
• Retraction
• Protraction

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Deltoid
• Bicep Brachii
• Triceps Brachii
• Rotator Cuff (4 muscles)
• Latissimus Dorsii
• Trapezius (3 parts)
• Pectoralis Major

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Deltoid Anterior, Mid, Posterior

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Deltoid

The Anterior Deltoid flexes the shoulder. The mid
Deltoid abducts the shoulder. The posterior
deltoid extends the shoulder
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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Biceps Brachii
• Attaches to the shoulder and to the lower arm.
• (anterior side)
• Crosses 2 joints/Has 2 movements
• Flexes the elbow
• Flexes the shoulder

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Biceps Brachii
• Crosses 2 joints/Has 2 movements
• Flexes the elbow
• Flexes the shoulder

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Triceps Brachii
• Attaches to the shoulder and to the lower arm.
• (posterior side)
• Crosses 2 joints/Has 2 movements
• Extends the elbow
• Extends the shoulder

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Triceps Brachii
• Crosses 2 joints/Has 2 movements
• Extends the elbow
• Extends the shoulder

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Rotator Cuff
• 4 muscles (SITS)
• S upraspinatus
• I nfraspinatus
• T eres Minor
• S ubscapularis
• Internally and externally rotates

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Teres Major
• Helps form the posterior wall of the axilla
• Extends the shoulder
• Abducts medially rotates the humerus

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Rhomboids
• C7 T5 to medial scapula border
• Levator scapulae
• C1 C3 or 4 to superior medial scapula border
• Retract and elevate the scapula

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Serratus anterior
• Forms medial wall of the axilla
• Upper 8 ribs to medial costal surface of scapula
• Protractor and lateral rotator of scapula

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Pectoralis Major
• Anterior wall of the axilla
• Adductor and internal rotator of humerus
• Sternal fibers extend the shoulder from a flexed
  position
• Clavicular flex the shoulder from a extended
  position

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Trapezius
• Upper fibers elevate the scapula
• Middle fibers brace the shoulder
• Lower fibers depress the medial aspect of the
  scapula and shoulder
• Upper and lower together rotates the scapula

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Muscles of the Shoulder

• Latissimus dorsi
• Retracts shoulder girdle
• Powerful extensor of flexed humerus
• Adducts and internally rotates the humerus

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Ligaments of the Shoulder