Seed:

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Seed
Seed Coat Embryo Storage Tissue (Endosperm)
Seed Hormones
CK-CytoKinin cell division GA-Gibberellic
Acid cell expansion AbA-Abscisic Acid dormancy
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Aggregate Fruit
Multiple Fruit
Fruit Origins Simple Fruit
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Fruit Composition
Superior Ovary Hypogynous Flower True Fruit Only
Half-Superior Ovary Perigynous Flower True
Accessory Fruit
Inferior Ovary Epigynous Flower True Accessory
Fruit
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Fruit Description
Fleshy Fruits
Example peach
Example tomato
Example apple
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hypogynous
The Cherry flower is
complete
perfect
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The cherry fruit is a drupe with a both fleshy
and pit wall layers.
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Coffee fruits mature unevenly and so are
hand-pickedby Juan Valdez? This leads to a
social dilemmato buy or to boycott or?
Coffea arabica - coffee
Coffee originated in tropical Africa, but most of
the crop is now grown in the South American
tropics. Why?
What South American native is produced mostly in
Africa?
Chocolate
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These grapes are a classic berry. What is the
tiny scar on the end of each fruit?
The location of the style attachment
So is the ovary superior or inferior?
Here is a berry from an inferior ovary!
http//www.all-creatures.org/pica/ftshl-grape-07.j
pg
What is the difference between the flesh of the
two berries shown here?
True vs Accessory
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Cucurbita female (pistillate, carpellate flower)
fruit will have accessory
http//www.biology.lsa.umich.edu/courses/bio255/Cu
curbita.jpg
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Are the flowers perfect or imperfect?
Is the pistil simple or compound?
Is the ovary inferior or superior?
Is the flower epigynous or hypogynous?
accessory
This is the true fruit. What is the rest of the
tissue?
Is the placenta axile, radial, or parietal?
This is a seed or an ovule?
What is this stalk?
funiculus
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Cucumis melo
parietal!
rind accessory
http//www.eeob.iastate.edu/classes/botany306/term
inology/flower/images/syncarpy-melon.jpg
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The flowers of apple have a half-inferior
(half-superior) ovary. So the fruit is going to
be partially an accessory fruit. The apple fruit
is a pome, which has a cartilaginous core as the
true fruit. The accessory is tasty!
The bottom of the fruit shows the remains of the
five styles and stigmata. There are also five
triangular flaps that were the sepals,
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Fruit Description
Dry Fruits
Dehiscent
Follicle-one side
Legume-two sides
Capsule-multiple
Example milkweed
Example honey locust
Example hibiscus
Dry Fruits
Indehiscent
Achene - cypsela
Grain - caryopsis
Nut with involucre
Example sunflower
Example corn
Example oak
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Both Kapok and Milkweed have a fruit that splits
along one side a follicle.
The seeds of both species have a fibrous pappus
attached to the seeds. Kapok was used for filling
floatation devices. In WW2, the US investigated
using milkweed as a substitute to outfit the
Navy. It was found unsuitable.
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Here are two fruits, dry at maturity, and
splitting along both sides of the fruit to shed
seeds.
This makes the fruits legumes. The examples shown
are lentil (left) and redbud (below).
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Is this pistil simple or compound?
stigmata
Papaver orientale- oriental poppy
ovary wall
Wounding this fruit causes latex to bleed out.
This is collected as raw opium. Morphine and
codeine can be extracted from this. Heroin is
synthesized by reactions with morphine as
starting material.
stamen and petal scars
sepal
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Fragaria - Strawberry
Origin Aggregate Fruit
http//www.preschooleducation.com/postcard/pic/str
awberry202.gif
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Fragaria early fruit development shows clearly
the carpels of the flower becoming the true fruit
true fruit
receptacle
accessory to fruit
http//www.eeob.iastate.edu/classes/botany306/term
inology/flower/images/Fragaria2.jpg
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Caryopsis - grain
Nut!
Cypsela
The most important fruit on earth!
daisy family!
oak, filbert (hazelnut), chestnut
rice, corn, wheat, etc.
scar of epigynous flower
scar of style
stigma style
ovary wall
ovary wall
inferior ovary wall
embryo
involucre
pedicel scar
hypogynous flower chaff pedicel scar
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http//www.tropicamente.it/immagini20sito/CATALOG
O/T/Theobroma20cacao.jpg
http//www.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/db50/FOTO_-_Archiv
/Theobroma20cacao202.jpg
Theobroma cacao
http//www.mytho-fleurs.com/images/fleurs_tropical
es/theobroma_cacao_fleurs.JPG
The ground-up interior of the seeds is used to
make chocolate (after mixing with sugar and milk
solids)