Warm Up

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Warm Up

• February 9, 2005

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Warm Up 2/9/05

• What is geologic time? How do scientist help
  categorize time in that scale?
• What is a fossil? What are some types of fossils?
• What is the fossil record? Why is it incomplete?

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Patterns of evolution and punctuated equilibrium
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Macroevolution

• Macroevolution large scale evolutionary changes
  that take place over long periods of time
• Six patterns that scientist have noticed
• Mass extinctions
• Adaptive radiation
• Convergent evolution
• Changes in developmental genes
• Punctuated Equilibrium

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Mass Extinctions

• Extinctions happen all the time
• Most extinction is constant
• However paleontologists notice in the fossil
  record that there are several times that instead
  of single species being wiped out, whole
  ecosystems and many species seemed to have gone
  extinct
• This causes a HUGE change in the gene pool,
  evolution

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Adaptive Radiation

• When a small group of species adapt into several
  forms that live in different ways
• Darwins finches, Galapagos tortoises

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Convergent Evolution

• When different organisms develop similar
  characteristics to adapt to similar environments
• Penguins and dolphins are the same shape (sorta)

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Coevolution

• When species change as a response to change in
  another species
• Flowers and bugs

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Developmental genes and body plans

• Hox genes are a series of genes that controls the
  organs and tissues that develop in various parts
  of an embryo
• Fairly similar in all species

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Punctuated Equilbrium

• Patterns of evolution with long stable periods
  are interrupted by brief periods of rapid change
• Evolution is not gradual, usually something
  requires a rapid change in allele frequency

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Flowchart
Section 17-4
Species
that are
in
under
under
form
in
in
can undergo
can undergo
can undergo
can undergo
can undergo
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Homework

• Worksheet from Ms. Zornes