Language Group Research Project ADA

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Language Group Research ProjectADA

• Seetharaman Sankaran
• 000099181

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Introduction

• Ada was named after Ada Lovelace, who is often
  credited with being the first computer
  programmer.
• Ada is a structured, statically typed,
  imperative, and object-oriented high-level
  computer programming language.
• Designed by a team led by Jean Ichbiah of CII
  Honeywell Bull under contract to the United
  States Department of Defense during 19771983 to
  supersede the hundreds of programming languages
  then used by the DOD.

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Introduction

• Ada is strongly typed (even for integer-range),
  and compilers are validated for reliability in
  mission-critical applications, such as avionics
  software.
• Ada was originally targeted at embedded and
  real-time systems. Examples of systems where Ada
  is used include avionics, weapons (including
  thermonuclear weapons), and spacecraft.

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Inheritance

• Earlier in Ada 83 Support for Inheritance was
  through the use of generic packages and by the
  implementation of variant records.
• Ada 95 uses tagged types to support inheritance
  and allows the developer to derive child packages
  directly from the parent, with or without an
  extension of the structure and the methods of the
  parent.
• Does not support multiple inheritance.
• Ada 95 provides polymorphism through the use of
  class-wide types and type extensions, which can
  contextually recognize the appropriate operation
  to perform.

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Component Reuse

• Component reusability is achieved through
• genericity and package implementation.

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Information Hiding

• ADA uses a structuring unit known as a package to
  encourage encapsulation and information hiding. A
  package consisted of two parts
• the specification, describing the functions of
  the particular package
• the implementation, specifying the underlying
  operations of that package and the persistent
  data associated with the package.
• The two elements could be separated, and even
  compiled separately, allowing for information
  hiding in data abstraction.
• Information within a package marked as "private"
  would be inaccessible to any code outside the
  package implementation, which allows for
  increased enforcement of data security.
• Genericity was even supported by ADA through the
  generic keyword. In total, ADA supported
  desirable data abstraction principles that
  allowed for extensibility and easier code
  maintenance and reuse, without sacrificing
  security or reliability

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Message Binding

• Ada 83 Supports static or early binding.
• All references had to be resolved at compile
  time to create an executable.
• Ada 95 Supports dynamic or late binding.
• Allows the developer to create applications
  that resolve messaging references during
  execution based on the actual instance of the
  object involved.

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Database Support

• The GNADE (GNat Ada Database Environment) project
  is an open source project with the primary goal
  to provide all tools and packages necessary to
  create an Ada 95 development environment
  providing a seamless integration of relational
  databases and other database products with Ada
  95.
• The project provides the following software
  packages
• Thin bindings to different RDBMS products like
  Oracle, PostgreSQL, MySQL using ODBC.
• Embedded SQL.
• Native bindings to other RDBMS approaches such as
  sqlite
• http//gnade.sourceforge.net/

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Web Development

• AWS stands for Ada Web Server
• AWS is a complete framework to develop Web based
  applications. The main part of the framework is
  the embedded Web server. This small yet powerful
  Web server can be embedded into your application
  so your application will be able to talk with a
  standard Web browser like Microsoft Internet
  Explorer or Netscape Communicator for example.
  Around this Web server a lot of services have
  been developed.

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Web Development

• The framework includes
• A Web parameters module. This module takes care
  of retrieving the forms or URL parameters and to
  build an associative table for easy access.
• A session server, this is a very important module
  to be able to keep client's data from page to
  page.
• Support SOAP to develop Web Services.
• A tool (based on ASIS) to generate a WSDL
  document from an Ada spec.
• A tool to generate Web Services stubs/skeletons
  from a WSDL document.
• A template parser, this module makes it possible
  to completely separate the Web design from the
  code. No more scripting into your Web page. This
  template engine is amazingly fast due to its
  concurrent cached compiled templates support.
• An Ajax runtime based on templates hiding
  JavaScript.
• Support for Secure Sockets (HTTPS/SSL), this is
  based on OpenSSL library.
• Support for large servers using dispatchers based
  on URI, request methods, timers.
• Support for virtual hosting (dispatchers based on
  the host name).
• Support for server push.
• A directory browser ready to be used in any
  application.
• A status page to get many information about the
  current AWS server.
• A log module. Log files keep information about
  all resources requested to the server.
• Hot plug modules which can be loaded/unloaded
  dynamically to add specific features to a server.
  
• A light communication API to exchange data
  between applications using the HTTP protocol.
• A configuration API to tune/change the server
  parameters without recompilation.
• A client API to retrieve any Web page from a Web
  site.

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Pros and Cons

• Pros
• strong typing, modularity mechanisms (packages),
  run-time checking, parallel processing (tasks),
  exception handling, and generics. Ada 95 added
  support for object-oriented programming,
  including dynamic dispatch.
• Ada also supports a large number of compile-time
  checks to help avoid bugs that would not be
  detectable until run-time in some other languages
  or would require explicit checks to be added to
  the source code.
• Cons
• Not much support for windows operating system
• No support for multiple inheritance

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Screenshot
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GNAT Programming Studio (GPS)
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COST

• Ada Complier is free but the cost for development
  environment depends upon the vendor.
• GNAT Programming Studio PRO -183-400
• GNAT Programming Studio Academic edition is free
  after registration