Protecting Our Shared

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Protecting Our Shared Water Resources
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• Is an educational tool
• Promotes water quality awareness
• Can recognize environmentally courteous farmers

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• A cooperative effort among
• Penn State Cooperative Extension
• Pennsylvania Association of Conservation
  Districts
• Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture
• Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
  Protection
• USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service

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• System Includes
• Introduction
• PreliminaryScreening Quiz
• Farmstead Map

• Worksheets
• Wrap-up Activities

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• Preliminary Screening Quiz
• Short series of questions for each worksheet
  category
• Quickly target most appropriate worksheets for a
  specific situation

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• Farmstead Map
• Sketch of farmstead/farm to locate significant
  features related to water quality
• Source of useful information for completing
  worksheets

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Farmstead Map
Pasture
Direction of surface water flow
Stream
Absorption field
Exercisearea
Pesticidestorage area
Driveway parking area
Septic tank
Barn
Abandonedwell
Heifer barn
House
Well
Highway
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• Worksheets
• 1. Water Well Condition and Construction
• 2. Pesticide and Fertilizer Storage and Handling
• 3. Household Wastewater Treatment System
• 4. Barnyard Conditions and Management
• 5. Milkhouse Waste Management
• Stream and Drainageway Management
• Petroleum Storage and Handling
• Silage Storage Management
• Animal Waste Storage and Management
• Animal Waste Land Application Management

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• Worksheet Contents
• Why be concerned?
• How to rank groundwater and surface water
  protection using this worksheet
• How to complete the worksheet
• Ranking matrix
• How to use these ranks
• Glossary
• Acknowledgements

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• Wrap-up Activities
• Overall Farmstead Ranking  evaluation of
  conditions and options for improvement
• Post-Evaluation Survey to be used as part of an
  educational program

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Separation Distances
Well
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Casing Height
1 foot
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Well Condition and Construction

• Type of well
• Age of well
• Position
• Separation distances
• Condition of casing and cap

• Well sealing
• Casing depth
• Casing height
• Backflow
• Abandoned wells

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Water well
300 feet minimum separation distance
Storage Handling Area
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Pesticide and Fertilizer Storage and Handling

• Containers
• Mixing areas
• Water source
• Backflow prevention
• Supervision
• Container disposal
• Clean-up

• Location
• Geologic materials
• Amounts and types
• Length of storage
• Clean-up
• Security of storage

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Wellhead
100 feet separation distance
Septic system drain field
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Household Wastewater

• Age of system
• Separation distances
• Quality and quantity

• Treatment system
• Septic tank pumping
• Disposal of septage

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Barnyard
100 feet minimum separation distance
Water well
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BarnyardManagement

• Separation distances
• Clean water management
• Runoff control
• Scraping practices

• Vegetative cover
• Animal access
• Animal density/size

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Milkhouse WasteManagement

• Discharge path
• Clean-up practices
• Tank condition
• Tank cleaning

• Storage period
• Separation distances
• Land application

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Stream and DrainagewayManagement

• Frequency of flow
• Surface water entry
• Buffer strips
• Drain outlets
• Maintenance
• Streambank conditions

• Fish cover
• Overstory cover
• Adjacent vegetation
• Channel alteration
• Livestock access
• Stream bottom

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Petroleum Storage and Handling

• Soil drainage
• Slope of land
• Separation distances
• Tank installation
• Spill protection
• Piping
• Type and age of tank
• Corrosion protection
• Tank location

• Tank support
• Tank enclosure
• Secondary containment
• Integrity testing
• Inventory monitoring
• Unused tanks
• Fueling procedures
• Fire safety
• Disposal of petroleum fluids

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Silage Storage Management

• Floor and roof condition
• Lining
• Management
• Effluent collection system

• Crop moisture content
• Separation distances
• Clean water management
• Subsurface drainage
• Traffic areas

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Animal Waste Storage and Management

• Reception and transfer system
• Water diversion
• Inspections
• Unloading and handling
• Emergency action plan
• Dead animal disposal

• Storage structure
• Storage pond
• Stack facility
• Separation distances
• Location of floodplains
• Storage capacity
• Storage status

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Animal Waste Land Application Management

• Soil testing frequency
• Soil sampling patterns
• Animal waste sampling
• Nutrient management
• Allocation to fields
• Use of records
• Actual application rates
• Supplemental fertilizer
• Calibration of application equipment

• Application areas
• Record keeping
• Uniformity of land application
• Timing of application
• Treatment after application
• Field runoff protection
• Perennial stream protection
• Conservation plan

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Overall Farm Ranking
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Conditions andImprovements

• EVALUATING CONDITIONS
• Best or Good Ranking Fair or Poor Ranking
• 1. ______________________ 1. ___________________
  ___
• 2. ______________________ 2. ___________________
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• PLANNING IMPROVEMENTS
• 1.________________________________________________
  ________
• 2.________________________________________________
  ________
• IMPLEMENTING IMPROVEMENTS TIMING (circle one)
• 1.________________________________________________
  ________
• 2.________________________________________________
  ________

Within a Within two toImmediately month This
year five years
Within a Within two toImmediately month This
year five years
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CONFIDENTIALITY It is not the intent of this
educational program to keep records of individual
results. However, the landowner may share them
with others who can help develop a resource
management plan.
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• Project Coordinators
• Barry Frantz, PA Association of Conservation
  Districts and USDA NRCS
• Les Lanyon, Penn State Department of Agronomy and
  Cooperative Extension
• Jerry Martin, Penn State Cooperative Extension

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• Support for this program provided by
• Department of Environmental Resources 319(h)
• Chesapeake Bay Program
• USDA Special Project No. 91-EHUA-1-0061

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• Slide set developed by
• Les Lanyon, Penn State Department of Agronomyand
  Cooperative Extension
• Jerry Martin, Penn State Cooperative Extension
• Shelly Ogline, formerly Penn State Cooperative
  Extension
• Additional slides provided by
• National FarmASyst office
• Frank Lucas, USDA-NRCS, Pequea-Mill Creek Project

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