Data Centers

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Setting Priorities For Greening the University
Energy
Reduce university greenhouse gas emissions
consistent with the goals of the Kyoto Protocol
(7 below 1990) and the New England Governors
(10 reduction by 2020). CO2 Reductions Research
and Monitoring Education Outreach and Events
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Presentation Overview

• Intro to Tufts and Tufts Climate Initiative
• Why should we care? Energy Costs / Climate Change
  
• IT's Environmental Impact
• IT at Tufts University
• Current Issues Policies Security Versus
  Efficiency.
• Staff and Faculty Initiatives
• Computer Labs and Libraries
• Student Initiatives
• Tele Centers and Tele Closets
• Disposal of computers
• Wrap up

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TCI Areas of Work
New Construction Renovations in Existing Buildings
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TCI Areas of Work
Transportation
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TCI Areas of Work
Renewable Energy
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TCI Areas of Work
Efficiency Through Technology and Behavior Change
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Why Should We Care?
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Climate Change and CO2 Concentration
Carbon dioxide (ppmv)
Temperature change (oC)
Current temperature
150 100 50
0 Thousands of Years ago
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Argentina Upsala Galcier, Patagonia 1929-2004
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Alaska Portage Glacier 1914-2004
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Austria Gepatsch-Ferner, 1904-2002
More than 95 of worlds glaciers are
retreating. Polar sea ice has thinned by more
than 40 in 30 years, and coastal ice shelves are
disintegrating in Antarctica. Permafrost is
warming and melting rapidly, destroying buildings
and roads.
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Hurricanes and Climate Change
As the global climate changes, extreme weather
events such as droughts, floods, heat waves,
heavy rainfall, tropical storms and hurricanes
are expected to increase. (Dr. David Easterling,
National Climatic Data Center, 9-26-00)

• Recent studies in Science and Nature have found
  hurricanes are growing fiercer.
• Kevin Trenberth Uncertainty in Hurricanes and
  Global Warming (Science 2005, 308, 17531754).
• Kerry Emanuel Increasing Destructiveness of
  Tropical Cyclones Over the Past 30 Years (Nature
  2005, 10.1038/nature03906).
• Peter Webster et al, Changes in Tropical
  Cyclone Number, Duration, and Intensity in a
  Warming Environment (Science 2005, 309,
  18441846).

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Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health
Increase in vector-borne diseases
Increase in heat-related deaths
Increase in urban air pollution increase in
respiratory illnesses
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Cumulative CO2 Emissions from 1800-1988 The
Ecological Debt of the North
Graph by Martin Storksdiek
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What has US done so far?
With only 5 of the world population, we produce
25 of all greenhouse gases. We also Increased
our emissions by 14 since 1990.
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Tufts Emissions
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Paul IT at Tufts Current issues policies
Security versus Efficiency. Please insert your
slides here.
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Staff and Faculty Initiatives
4000 staff computers (30 flat screens) If on 24
hours, 365 days a year, no PM 24 X 365 X 4000
(0.7 X 0.13 kW (regular desktop) 0.3 X 0.08kW
(desktop with flat screen) ) 4,029,600 kWh X
0.14 per kWh 564,000 and 2600 tons of CO2
350,000 trees to offset, Equivalent 130
Americans, 80 Europeans, 970 Chinese 4000 staff
computers, all flat screens, all with PM, all
turned off when not in use. 250 X 4000 (6 hrs on
X 0.13 kW 2 hrs on with PM X 0.04) 860,000
kWh X 0.14 per kWh 120,000 and 560 tons of
CO2 75,000 trees to offset Equivalent 28
Americans, 56 Europeans, 207 Chinese
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Staff and Faculty Initiatives Brochures Flat
Screens Power Management Office visits
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Labs and Libraries
Eaton and Mugar Labs Power Management set 5 min
for screens. Shut down at night. Tisch not
turned off because of staffing issues.
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Student Initiatives Background
The average US student has 15 electric and
electronic devices in his dorm room. At Tufts
About 3500 student owned computers. Estimated
70 laptop, 30 desktops (recent
change) Computers are on all the time (instant
messaging!!!)
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Student Initiatives Tufts Climate Initiatives
Eco-Representatives Program Getting students
involved in greening the campus Energy Pledge
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Student InitiativesYearly Energy Competition
Among Dorms
Very popular! (Events that offer freebies, food,
and a good slogan work!) Distribute
CFB. Encourage shutting off electronic
devices Hold slogan contest e.g. burn fat not
fuel less computer more fun
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Student InitiativesEnergy Hog animation Can be
viewed at http//www.tufts.edu/tie/tci/turn20off
20you20computer.swf Included in all set-up
discs handed to incoming students.
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Data Centers and Closets

• Data Center AC units
• Control humidity and temperature
• Major contributors to electricity consumption
  and CO2 emissions.
• Electricity consumption, CO2 emissions can be
  reduced
• Newer Technology
• Data Center Architecture
• Policy changes

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Data Centers and Closets
Glycol AC Units If the outside air is cold
enough, the refrigeration cycle can be turned
off. Essentially free cooling in the winter.
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Data Centers and Closets
Hot aisle Cold aisle principle
Recirculation (mixing of hot and cold air)
results in a decrease in overall efficiency and
cooling costs that are 10-25 higher. To prevent
this, data racks should be aligned in rows with
their fronts facing each other. Blanking Panels
All unused space in the front of a rack should
be covered with blanking panels to prevent
mixing. The full implementation of the hot
isle-cold isle principle would reduce operating
costs and the resulting carbon emissions by 20
percent. Estimated Reduction in Annual CO2
Emissions 13.2 tons. Estimated Reduction in
Annual Operating Cost 2470.
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Data Closets / Tufts

• Do all Data Closets need AC?
• Replacing ACs with a Fans
• Estimated Annual Reductions
• 0.5 tons of CO2 per data closet.
• 440 of operating cost per data closet.
• Would require policy change
• Who sets policy?
• How is it enforced?
• Any other schools who have done this?

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Disposal of Computers
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Tufts Computer Disposal
Total Tufts owned computers 3600 Estimated
replacement rate 4 years Total 900 computers
replaced each year 66,000 pounds Disposal
Company Onyx http//www.onyxes.com Computers
with reuse value are donated to the City of
Somerville.
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Climate Change I Scientists agree that By the
end of the 21st century Estimated temperature
increase 2.6-10.4 F. Last Ice Age only 5 - 9
F colder than our current climate. In the next
few decades the climate of Boston is predicted to
become comparable to the one of either Richmond,
VA, or Atlanta, GA.
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Climate Change II Scientists agree
that Political action unlikely to keep
temperature increases down. CO2 emissions need
to be curbed by 45-60 to avoid catastrophic
effects.
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What Tufts has done

• Installed efficient lighting motion sensors
  700,000, 2-5 year payback.
• Steam traps 400,000, 4 year pay back.
• Invested in high efficiency motors and chillers.
• Purchased Energy star appliances.
• New dorm will be a model in environmentally
  responsible design.
• Switched to front-loading washing machines.
• And much more! www.tufts.edu/tci