Cheops: A Compact Explorer for Complex Hierarchies - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Cheops: A Compact Explorer for Complex Hierarchies

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Centre de recherche informatique de Montr al ... reusable designs for a specific class of software ... now: cheops, millipede, tree, explorer ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cheops: A Compact Explorer for Complex Hierarchies


1
Giza A framework for visualization
Louis C. Vroomen, Marc-Antoine Parent Luc
Beaudoin
Human Computer Interaction Group Centre de
recherche informatique de Montréal http//www.crim
.ca/ipsi (Français) http//www.crim.ca/hci
(English)
2
Outline of presentation
Problem definition CHEOPS approach Giza
Framework Inside Giza Context How to reach us
3
Outline of presentation
Problem definition CHEOPS approach Giza
Framework Inside Giza Context How to reach us
4
Problem definition
Components of a Traditional Visualization Approach
Visualization
Command
Data modeling
5
Problem definition
Framework
  • Set of cooperating classes
  • reusable designs for a specific class of software
  • customize to a particular application by creating
    application-specific subclasses of classes from
    the framework
  • Visualization
  • set of classes to facilitate the creation of a
    flexible visualization application

6
Problem definition
Components of a Visualization Framework
Task
Visualization
Data modeling
7
Problem definition
Main task
  • Navigation
  • provide flexible means to access elements and the
    relations between them.
  • user can perform two types of actions
  • structural analysis
  • investigation

8
Problem definition
Actions
  • Structural analysis
  • support visual correlation and discrimination
    tasks by providing the ability to compare,
    simultaneously, remote parts of a structure.
  • Investigation
  • reinforce the expression of the current location,
    in context if possible, and refine the control
  • where have I been, where am I, where can I go.

9
Outline of presentation
Problem definition CHEOPS approach Giza
Framework Inside Giza Context How to reach us
10
CHEOPS approach
Purpose
  • Ability to browse and explore complex
    hierarchical information structures,
  • Ease of use,
  • Runs on standard personal computers, with SVGA
    resolution.

11
CHEOPS approach
Dewey Decimal Classification System
  • 10 by 10 levels deep, with 1.2 cm triangles,
    drawn out would take 12,000 km.
  • CHEOPS fits within 12 cm. square

12
CHEOPS approach
Design
  • Object-oriented design
  • versatile,
  • scalable.
  • Written in JavaTM
  • cross-platform,
  • usable over the net.

13
CHEOPS approach
Some advantages (1/3)
  • Small foot print for fairly deep hierarchies
  • Reuse of few visual objects
  • allows display of large hierarchies ,
  • quick update on a personal computer.
  • Processing the opening of a branch is a fast,
    simple descent

14
CHEOPS approach
Some advantages (2/3)
  • CHEOPS provides a stable,
    synthetic view of the global structure
  • The relationship between
    global context and the selected branch
    is always
    maintained.
  • At each node, CHEOPS providesa unique and
    permanent visual signature
  • visual signatures facilitate re-entry,
  • representation of deep descendants allows long
    jump.

15
CHEOPS approach
Some advantages (3/3)
  • Strategies are consistent
    everywhere in the hierarchy andthey enhance one
    another
  • users can combine available tools to form
    strategies to fit their needs,
  • this ability allows users an incremental,
    yet quick method to learn the approach
    and optimize their strategies.

16
CHEOPS approach
General difficulties / possible solutions
  • Branching factor
  • investigate new manipulation tools
  • Very deep hierarchies
  • fragmentation strategies (eg relative root
    position)
  • As hierarchies grow, descent can become
    computationally intensive
  • load on demand?

17
CHEOPS approach
Limitations inherent to CHEOPS / possible
solutions
  • One branch open at a time
  • different visual semantics
  • investigate complementary manipulation tools
  • People are disconcerted by speed power
  • learning curve seems quite short

18
CHEOPS approach
Implementation limitations / possible solutions
  • Need all nodes in memory to descend and for ghost
  • load on demand with limited ghost information
  • Overloading is arbitrary
  • investigate placement by a simple ordering
    function

19
CHEOPS Approach
Next step
  • Investigate identified solutions
  • Representation of non-hierarchical links
  • Representation of graphs
  • Access tools like histograms and filters

20
Outline of presentation
Problem definition CHEOPS approach Giza
Framework Inside Giza Context How to reach us
21
Giza Framework
Limitations of first Cheops implementation (1/3)
  • Data model and visualization coupling
  • inherently hierarchical, thus cannot show
    non-hierarchical relations or graphs

Task
Visualization
Data modeling
22
Giza Framework
Limitations of first Cheops implementation (2/3)
  • Visualization and task coupling
  • Cheops only one representation, yet different
    representations may be required
  • need to visualize associated data, filtering

Task
Visualization
Data modeling
23
Giza Framework
Limitations of first Cheops implementation (3/3)
  • Data modeling and task coupling
  • inherently hierarchical browsing

Task
Visualization
Data modeling
24
Giza Framework
Giza Framework
  • Object oriented framework
  • Plugable representations
  • now cheops, millipede, tree, explorer
  • soon fish-eye, intelligent zoom,
    hyperbolic geometry, tree map,etc.
  • Extendable widgets
  • investigate new manipulation tools
  • Customizable

25
Giza Framework
Results
  • Redesign of architecture
  • Attempt decoupling data modeling/visualization
  • can visualize non-hierarchical links.
  • multiple representations available and easy to
    implement
  • Attempt decoupling task/visualization
  • representations can be notified of state changes
  • associated data viewable (timelines, etc.)
  • filtering available based on data model

26
Giza Framework
Results
  • Attempt decoupling data model from task
  • Can navigate through non-hierarchical links and
    graphs

27
Outline of presentation
Problem definition CHEOPS approach Giza
Framework Inside Giza Context How to reach us
28
Inside Giza Context
Analysing the modeling approach
  • What is in the model for structures(hierarchies
    and graphs)?
  • Elements with properties
  • Links define a structure (a topology)

Data Modeling
29
Inside Giza Context
Analysing the visualization technique
  • What is in a representation?
  • Components with visual attributes
  • The layout of components defines neighbourhood
    (topology)

Visualization
30
Inside Giza Context
Analysing the visualization technique (1/2)
  • Traditional approach (MVC) components and
    elements within a representation correspond 1 to
    1

Data Modeling
Visualization
31
Inside Giza Context
Analysing the visualization technique (2/2)
  • Cheops Many elements displayed by one component
  • Multiple representations, polymorphy Many
    components display some elements

Data Modeling
Visualization
32
Inside Giza Context
Abstract coupling of properties
  • Decoupling visualization from data
  • Access properties through an abstract protocol
  • Representing arbitrary structures
  • Make topology into a property

Visualization
Data Modeling
Abstract
protocol
33
Inside Giza Context
Recipes for coupling of properties
  • Encapsulate coupling to vary it
  • Each coupling is made into an accessor object
  • Multiple representations
  • Each representation couples its attributes to
    properties through a distinctive process

Data Modeling
Visualization
34
Inside Giza Context
Contexts to bring accessors together
  • The couplings that make a representation possible
    are bundled in a context object
  • Possibility to vary couplings for multiple
    representations
  • Contexts are linked in a inhertance hierarchy

Data Modeling
Visualization
Contexts
35
Inside Giza Context
Dynamic nature of contexts (1/2)
  • The task sets in Commands can modulate the
    coupling methods
  • The representations react accordingly Components
    can observe changes in the data, and accessor
    objects can automatically adjust to changes in
    the coupling

Data Modeling
Visualization
Contexts
Tasks
User c
ommands
36
Inside Giza Context
Why Contexts?
  • Data structures, tasks and representations come
    in many colours
  • Each context specifies a way to bridge the gap
    between the model , a representation, and user
    requirements
  • The context determines the best possible match

37
Inside Giza Context
Our Goal
Task
Context
Visualization
Data modeling
38
Inside Giza Context
Contexts and structure (1/4)
  • The data IS how you look at it
  • We analyze or abstract models into structures by
    querying features of the data

39
Inside Giza Context
Contexts and structure (2/4)
  • The data IS how you look at it
  • We analyze or abstract models into structures by
    querying features of the data
  • Feature extraction is an active process, creates
    data, and ultimately the structure itself

40
Inside Giza Context
Contexts and structure (3/4)
  • The data IS how you look at it
  • We analyze or abstract models into structures by
    querying features of the data
  • Feature extraction is an active process, creates
    data, and ultimately the structure itself
  • Each contextual system of feature extraction
    defines a different structure

41
Inside Giza Context
Contexts and structure (4/4)
  • The data IS how you look at it
  • We analyze or abstract models into structures by
    querying features of the data
  • Feature extraction is an active process, creates
    data, and ultimately the structure itself
  • Each contextual system of feature extraction
    defines a different structure
  • Structural analysis tools should look at the
    model through many such contextual systems

42
Inside Giza Context
Future work and development
  • Representation of graphs
  • Representation of large hierarchical spaces
  • Visualization application for software
    engineering

43
Outline of presentation
Problem definition CHEOPS approach Giza
Framework Inside Giza Context How to reach us
44
How to reach us
Cheops Innovator
  • Luc Beaudoin (lubeaudo_at_crim.ca)

Cheops/Giza Implementation
  • Luc Beaudoin
  • Marc-Antoine Parent (maparent_at_crim.ca)
  • Louis C. Vroomen (vroomen_at_crim.ca)

Director of the HCI Group
  • France deVerteuil (fdev_at_crim.ca)

45
URLs
HCI Group
  • www.crim.ca/ipsi (Français)
  • www.crim.ca/hci (English)

Main Cheops Page
  • www.crim.ca/ipsi/cheops/index1.html (Français)
  • www.crim.ca/hci/cheops/index1.html (English)

Graphical User Interfaces for Hierarchies A
Workshop
  • www.crim.ca/vroomen/workshop/ (English)
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