Prefixes

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Chapter 2

• Prefixes

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Objectives

• Define a prefix and state the rule for using
  prefixes in words.
• Correctly identify at least 20 prefixes relating
  to numbers, color, measurements and negatives.
• Correctly identify at least 10 prefixes that deal
  with position and direction.
• Correctly identify at least 30 prefixes.
• Demonstrate the ability to create words using
  prefixes.

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Prefixes are not new to you

• Many of the prefixes you use in everyday life can
  be found in medical terms.
• Textbook examples pretest, antibiotics,
  transfusion, report.
• While EVERY medical word has a root, and EVERY
  medical word has an ending, a suffix, not every
  medical word has a prefix.
• When used, a prefix attached directly to the
  beginning of word.

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The impact of a prefix---

• The meaning of a prefix will not change from word
  to word.
• For example The prefix hyper- will always mean
  excessive or more than normal.
• Hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperactive.
• On the otherhand, words with the same root can be
  altered by the addition of a prefix.

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Examples
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Numbers
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Bi- (2)

• Bi-
• Bicuspid
• Bifurcated
• Bisexual
• Bicycle
• Bivalved
• The prefix bi- means two, no matter what root it
  is attached to--

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Bifurcated

• This is Lizard Man.
• He had his tongue surgically split or
  bifurcated to create a certain appearance.

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(No Transcript)
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Hemi-

• The prefix hemi- means half.
• Hemisphere
• Hemiparesis
• Hemiplegia
• Hemiglossectomy

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Hemiplegia

• A individual who has suffered a stroke or TBA
  (traumatic brain injury) may suffer from
  hemiplegia.

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Milli-

• Milli- means one-thousandth
• Millimeter
• Milliliter
• Millipede
• Milligram

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Milli-

• A millipede has a 1000 legs.
• A milliliter is 1/1000 of a liter.

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Mono-

• Mono- means one
• Monolith
• Monogram
• Monogamy
• Monocyte
• Mononucleosis

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Monocyte

• A type of white blood cell that has only one
  nucleus.
• Stained in this image for better visibility and
  surrounded by red blood cells (erythrocytes).

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Monorail

• 1964 World Fair

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Nulli-

• None
• Nulliparous
• Null and void

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Nulliparous

• A woman who has borne no children.
• I dont have a picture for this!

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Primi-

• Primi- means first
• Primigravida
• Primitive

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Primitive

• Existing first or at the beginning of time.

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Quadri-

• Quadri- means 4
• Quadriplegia
• Quadrennial (once every 4 years)
• Quadriceps ( muscle has four points of origin).
• Quadralingual (speaks four languages)

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Quadriplegia
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Semi-

• Semi-means half
• Semiconscious
• Semiannual
• Semiautomatic
• Semicolon
• Semiprecious

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Tetra-

• Means 4
• Remember that quadri- also meant 4.
• As we progress you will find several prefixes,
  suffixes and combining forms that have the same
  meaning.

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Tetra- 4 (sided)
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Tri- (3)

• Triceps
• Tricycle
• Trimester

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Triceps and Tricolored
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Uni- (1)

• Mono- also means one
• Unicycle
• Uninuclear
• Universal

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Test your Knowledge

• http//www.quia.com/cb/82246.html

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Measurements
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Hyper- Excessive

• Hyperlipemia
• Hyperglycemia
• Hyperactivity

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Hypo or hyp- Under, below, beneath, less than
normal.

• Hypoxemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Hypothyroidism
• Hypothermia

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Multi- many

• Multicolored
• Multivitamin
• Multigravida (gravida is pregnant)
• Multipara (para to bear children)

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Poly- many, much (also in chapter 1)

• Polyarthritis
• Polyuria
• Polyphagia
• Polydipsia
• Polydactyl

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Position and/or Direction
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Ab- from or away from
Alien abduction
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More practical use of ab- moving the hip away
from the midline of the body.
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Ad- toward, increase

• Adduction the process of moving toward the
  midline of the body.

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Ambi- both or both sides

• Ambivalent love/hate cant decide
• Ambidexterous able to use both hands with equal
  ease.

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Ante- before, in front

• Antecubital area
• Antebellum South

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Circum- around

• Circumference
• Circumcision
• Circumstance
• Circumoral

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De- down, from

• Descend
• Demoralize
• Demount
• Demote

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Dia- through

• Diagram
• Diagnosis
• Diarrhea

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Ecto-outside

• Ectopic (outside the normal place topos)
• Extoparasite
• Extoderm

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Endo- within

• Endocervical
• Endoscopy
• Endoderm

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Thursdaypp. 23-25

• Study what we covered today.
• Complete review exercises at the end of the
  chapter (optional but you will see it soon)
• Complete chapter 2 Discussion Board and Chapter 2
  study guide by the end of the week.
• Chapter 1 items due by lunch today. Any postings
  after 1200 noon on the 24th will not be
  accepted.