NOTETAKING

1

• NOTE-TAKING
• PARAPHRASING

2
PARAPHRASING

• Summarizing the most essential ideas in your own
  words,
• AND in a way that rearranges words within a
  phrase or sentence,
• AND
• Replaces at least half of the words within a
  phrase or sentence.

3
Ready to be paraphrased

• The U.S. government's first reparations plan to
  compensate African-Americans for the legacy of
  slavery was 40 acres and a mule apiece -- that
  was Gen. William Sherman's promise to former
  slaves shortly after the Civil War ended in 1865
  But the promise was quickly recanted and the land
  was taken back, with no other plans for
  reparations.
• From Making Amends Debate Continues Over
  Reparations for U.S. Slavery by Cheryl Corley,
  8/27/01, http//www.npr.org/programs/specials/raci
  sm/010827.reparations.html

4
Is This Paraphrased??????

• ORIGINAL The U.S. government's first
  reparations plan to compensate African-Americans
  for the legacy of slavery was 40 acres and a mule
  apiece (Making Amends).
• NEW The United States governments beginning
  plan for reparations for the legacy of slavery
  was to give each African-American 40 acres and a
  mule.

5
Is This Paraphrased??????

• ORIGINAL The U.S. government's first
  reparations plan to compensate African-Americans
  for the legacy of slavery was 40 acres and a mule
  apiece (Making Amends)
• NEW The United States governments reparations
  plan was to first compensate African-Americans
  for slavery with, apiece, 40 acres and a mule.

6
FALSE

• Only the sequence of words, not the words
  themselves, have been changed, and the material
  is not in quotation marks.

7
Is This Paraphrased??????

• ORIGINAL The U.S. government's first
  reparations plan to compensate African-Americans
  for the legacy of slavery was 40 acres and a mule
  apiece (Making Amends)
• NEW 40 acres and a mule was the United States
  governments promise made to each African
  American as recompense for enslavement.

8
FALSE

• Only the sequence of words, not the words
  themselves, have been changed

9
Pause for a Commercial BreakPlagiarism 101

• Why is there a citation for the first paragraph
  below but not the second??
• ORIGINAL The U.S. government's first
  reparations plan to compensate African-Americans
  for the legacy of slavery was 40 acres and a mule
  apiece (Making Amends).
• NEW 40 acres and a mule was the United States
  governments promise made to each African
  American as recompense for enslavement.

10
Answer

• The first paragraph is quoted material and any
  quoted material must have a parenthetical
  citation or footnote, to show the source, NOT
  just a source listed in the Works Cited or
  Bibliography.
• The second paragraph is paraphrased COMMON
  KNOWLEDGE, i.e., what most educated people know
  or could easily find out with a little research.
  Knowing the source is not necessary.

11
Plagiarism 101

• True or false?
• Paraphrasing is copying ¾ of a sentence and
  changing ¼ of it.

12

• FALSE

13
Plagiarism 101

• True or false?
• You do not need to use footnotes or
  parenthetical references when paraphrasing as
  long as you put a bibliography/Works Cited page
  at the end of your work.

14
False

• You do need to cite your sources, unless the
  material is COMMON KNOWLEDGE. A good test whether
  an item is common knowledge is finding it in 3
  sources, or in an encyclopedia